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Biomedical subjects

J Brun

Publications and source records attributed to J Brun.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Bronchial cytology of "occult" lung cancers (author's transl)].

Having underlined the value of bronchial cytology for the early diagnosis of lung cancers, the authors report 7 observations concerning a particular clinical form: the "occult" lung cancer with a malignant cytological precession more or less in advance in relation with the radiological or fibroscopical data. Malignant cells can be found in sputum from 9 months to 8 years beforehand. All histological types can be seen but no cancer of the anaplasic type with small cells was identified either in this series or in the literature. The authors insist also on the difficulty in localizing these cancers in situ at a very early stage. They set apart the insufficiencies of the X-ray results in several observations and the limits of other investigating techniques (bronchography, scintigraphy, echotomography, ...). These tumours seem to have a mild evolutivity.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Nieman-Pick disease revealed by a pulmonary miliary tuberculosis (author's transl)].

A diagnosis of Niemann-Pick disease was made in a 26 years old man with chronic pulmonary miliary tuberculosis and splenomegaly. It was confirmed by the drop of sphingomyelinase level in leucocytes and fibroblasts of the skin. The authors showed the presence of foamy cells with sphingomyelin in the spleen and bone marrow. They underlined the value of dosing sphingomyelinase in leucocytes for diagnosis purposes. They also observed blue histocytes in the spleen and bone marrow, next to the foamy cells which are not specific of Niemann-Pick disease and can be found in numerous other affections. This pure visceral form with delayed development without neurological involvement, corresponds to the phenotype B of Crocker.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Tumours or mediastinal pseudo-tumours of Castleman? One observation (author's transl)].

Through a routine examination a Castleman tumour of left hilary topography was discovered in a 30 years old man. No recurrence followed exeresis. With regard to this case, the authors underlined the infrequency of these tumours with no preferential mediastinal topography and its occurrence at any age. Diagnosis is often reached after surgery by histological analysis of the tumour which enabled the distinction in two types according to Flendrig: type I plasmocytic with inflammatory signs; type II hyalino-vascular without any inflammatory signs. Surgery usually advised is not without any drawbacks because of the vascularization of the tumour and its adherence to neighbouring organs. But Castleman tumours still set nosological problems and the debate remains opened on the question of a nodal origin or a true neo-formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Autoradiographic localization of RNA synthesis in vitro during oogenesis in Parascaris equorum].

Technical elaboration of in vitro incubation of Parascaris equorum gonads with 3H-Uridine has permitted, for the first time, the study of RNA synthesis during oogenesis along the whole gonadic tube. In germ cells, oocytes in diakinesis (oviduct) and in division of maturation (uterus) show no label. On the contrary oogonia and growing oocytes in ovary are labelled. RNA synthesis is always detected in all parietal cells but is more active in oviduct and uterus where the gonadic wall is particularly developed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Diagnostic and therapeutic problems associated with hereditary deficiency of the C1 esterase inhibitor.

Six patients in a family with a history of hereditary angioedema reported swelling of the extremities and recurrent abdominal pain occurring spontaneously or after trauma. Attacks of oedema involving the airways, the greatest danger with this disorder, were present only in one case. This autosomal dominant disease is due to deficient activity of the inhibitor of the first component of complement. Low levels of C4, and absence of C1 esterase inhibitor confirm the diagnosis. Two asymptomatic cases with the appropriate biochemical abnormality are reported in this study. For short term prophylaxis of attacks (before surgery expecially), fresh frozen plasma is used, or better still, C1 esterase inhibitor. For long term prophylaxis of attacks antifibrinolytic and hormonal drugs are used: in two cases, the authors obtained good results with methyltestosterone after failure of tranexamic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Surgical pulmonary biopsy under local anesthesia and its results (based on 93 cases)].

The authors report 93 observations during which OCB were performed under local anesthesia. They insist on the validity of the method which can be used on fragile patients or on those with respiratory insufficiency for whom an exploring thoracotomy would be contra-indicated. Incidents were minor and momentary (pneumothorax, pleural reaction). It is mostly in diffuse lesions of miliary and fibrotic nature that this technique was used to identify various lesions : silicosis, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, histiocytosis, etc... In a third of the cases, lesions were not specific and could not be definitely identified in parieto-alveolar fibrosis or inflammatory alveolitis.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunological approach to asthmatic disease (author's transl)].

Research into the environmental factors in the aetiological diagnosis of asthma is a fundamental measure which must direct complementary test and therapy. Extrinsic asthma is mostly found in young people, with atopic antecedents. Immunological study is based on the clinical history and skin tests (IgE dosage, in vitro tests and provocation tests are difficult to apply in epidemiology due to their high cost). In children 3/4 of asthma cases are extrinsic. Differential diagnosis is especially a problem with rhinitis. There is only a small percentage of cases of non atopic extrinsic asthma which can bring other immunological mechanisms into play. So-called intrinsic asthma (late onset asthma, with continuous dyspnea, corticodependent) is mostly observed in adults. The age has an influence on the severity of the attacks, the curve of asthma with permanent dyspnea being a function increasing with age, whereas that of less severe asthma is a function decreasing with age. The role of extrinsic factors does not seem important in this category of asthmatics (10 to 25% according to the statistics). Immunofluorescence studies of the bronchial mucosa show up the possibility of local immunological reactions, whether specific or not (frequent presence of the C3 complement). This means that the immunologist can, in many cases of asthma, help the epidemiologist to define and to understand the physiological mechanisms of the disease.

Adult↗