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Biomedical subjects

J Bruno

Publications and source records attributed to J Bruno.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Increase of circulating HLA DR+ T lymphocytes in psoriasis].

HLA DR molecules on the surface of T lymphocytes evidences the immune cell activation. In the course of disease with immunopathogenic mechanisms and after immunostimulation the level of peripheral T HLA DR+ lymphocytes increases. In psoriasis, it was previously demonstrated the existence of T HLA DR+ lymphocytes in the skin lesions. This phenomenon suggests an in situ activation of T cells. In this paper we show an increase of circulating T HLA DR+ lymphocytes in 12 patients with active psoriasis (5.81% +/- 3.17) compared to healthy controls (2.02% +/- 0.47). The difference was significative (P less than 0.01). The authors suggest the systemic activation of T cells in psoriasis that could be controlled by the HLA system.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A positive approach to rehabilitation involving the foot.

Rehabilitation represents a total approach to patient care: the relief of pain, the restoration of the maximal level of function, and the maintenance of restored function in a pain-free state, mentally, psychologically, vocationally, and spiritually. As such, it implies a multidisciplinary approach to a complex set of problems and makes the use of a team approach imperative.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Consideration of patient evaluation and utilization.

Once the diagnosis has been established and the treatment aims have been projected, the areas of treatment should be identified along with the desired results, frequency of treatment, and other instructions and precautions to be observed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1984

Some considerations and guidelines for crutch walking.

Crutch walking is a highly developed art and a physical accomplishment comparable to the most exacting of all sports. There are many advantages to early ambulation, namely, aiding circulation, preventing calcium loss in bones, and aiding the pulmonary and renal systems. It is necessary for the patient to be evaluated carefully, especially as regards selecting the proper gait and equipment to be used--that is, crutches, cane(s), parallel bars, walker, or walkette.

Crutches↗
PubMed1984

Some guidelines for the use of physical modalities.

Physical therapy should be thought of in the same manner as any form of therapy, with its indications, contraindications, and side effects. The clinician should set up priorities in this form of treatment, which will be dictated by the disease or condition to be treated or by the complaints of the patient. Pain is usually a top priority, followed by swelling and biomechanical problems, including contractures.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1984

Therapeutic modalities and procedures. Part I: Cold and Heat.

Therapeutic cold, or cryotherapy, has the cooling of the tissues as its primary effect. Based on the mode of application and duration of exposure, the basic physiologic effects are sedation, refrigeration, and the possibility of tissue destruction, Therapeutic heat is usually applied for two physical effects: superficial heat and deep heat. Hyperemia, sedation, and analgesia are the primary effects.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Therapeutic modalities and procedures. Part II: Hydrotherapy and ultraviolet.

Hydrotherapy is the external application of water for therapeutic purposes. The therapeutic devices used for producing ultraviolet radiation are the hot quartz or mercury vapor lamp, the cold quartz lamp, the sun lamp with a tungsten filament, the carbon are unit, and the black light or Wood's filter for diagnostic fluorescence.

Baths↗
PubMed1983

Polypeptide synthesis in enucleated mouse fibroblasts.

The polypeptides synthesized in cytoplasts prepared from mouse L929 cells by cytochalasin-induced enucleation were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Nearly all detectable polypeptides made in parental whole cells were likewise made in cytoplasts, though in decreasing amounts, for up to at least 12 hours after enucleation. A similar analysis of cells treated with actinomycin D, an inhibitor of transcription, showed that such cells initially synthesized all of the polypeptides made by untreated cells. However, by 12 hours after treatment, the electrophoretic patterns produced by preparations of radiolabeled cells were highly aberrant, with some polypeptides apparently greatly overproduced relative to others. The results are consistent with the notion that physical removal of the nucleus disrupts the mechanisms regulating mRNA degradation in eukaryotic cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Identification of key regulated events early in the life of hybrid animal cells constructed by nuclear transplantation.

Reconstituted cells were constructed by fusion of cytoplasts from the human diploid fibroblast cell strain Detroit 532 and karyoplasts from the mouse fibroblast cell line A9. Several cellular properties were examined during the first 48 hr after nuclear transplantation. (i) The overall morphology of the cells originally resembled that of the cytoplasmic donor, Detroit 532, but rapidly changed to approximate that of the nuclear donor, A9. However, definitive changes in the microfilament structure of the reconstituted cells were not seen until 24-48 hr after fusion. These observations support the idea that the presence or absence of an ordered array of microfilament bundles is not the sole determinant of cell shape. (ii) Although cytoplasts and karyoplasts were prepared from cultures of randomly growing cells, the first division of reconstituted cells occurred in a synchronous manner. However, the initiation of DNA synthesis was not synchronized. It thus appeared that, in their first cell cycle, the cells had a G2 period of variable length. The results further suggest that the cytoplasm of interphase fibroblasts contains the material necessary to initiate or support DNA synthesis in a transplanted nucleus but not entry into mitosis. (iii) A two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of polypeptide synthesis in reconstituted cell cultures showed that synthesis directed by transplanted mouse nuclei could be detected as early as 3-6 hr after fusion. Some of the mouse polypeptides detected at the earliest time points studied were not among the major polypeptides synthesized by the parental A9 cells. By about 48 hr after fusion, the pattern of polypeptides produced by reconstituted cells was almost indistinguishable from that of the nuclear donor parent cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Programmed macromolecular synthesis in regenerating karyoplasts.

Conditions for the preparation, purification, and maintenance of karyoplasts which could regenerate to reform whole viable cells were defined. Results of biochemical analyses of such karyoplasts at various times during regeneration indicated that a reproducible biosynthetic program was followed. Thus, an examination of the polypeptides made during regeneration by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis showed that the pattern of radiolabeled polypeptides synthesized at each time studied was specific and was significantly different from that observed at other times during regeneration. Polypeptides associated with three major cellular fractions--nuclear, cytoskeletal-microtrabecular, and soluble--were among the most dramatically regulated molecules. Other polypeptides, such as the major components of microfilaments and intermediate filaments, were synthesized at relatively constant rates and were assembled into structures throughout regeneration. Likewise, microtubules appeared to be reformed throughout regeneration, even in the absence of identifiable centriole-associated organizing centers. Finally, analysis of DNA synthesis by autoradiography showed that, even when prepared from whole cells synchronized at the G1/S interface, karyoplasts could not begin making DNA until they had regenerated an almost complete complement of cytoplasm.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Heterogeneous binding of high mobility group chromosomal proteins to nuclei.

A dramatic difference is observed in the intracellular distribution of the high mobility group (HMG) proteins when chicken embryo fibroblasts are fractionated into nucleus and cytoplasm by either mass enucleation of cytochalasin-B-treated cells or by differential centrifugation of mechanically disrupted cells. Nuclei (karyoplasts) obtained by cytochalasin B treatment of cells contain more than 90 percent of the HMG 1, while enucleated cytoplasts contain the remainder. A similar distribution between karyoplasts and cytoplasts is observed for the H1 histones and the nucleosomal core histones as anticipated. The presence of these proteins, in low amounts, in the cytoplast preparation can be accounted for by the small percentage of unenucleated cells present. In contrast, the nuclei isolated from mechanically disrupted cells contain only 30-40 percent of the total HMGs 1 and 2, the remainder being recovered in the cytosol fraction. No histone is observed in the cytosol fraction. Unike the higher molecular weight HMGs, most of the HMGs 14 and 17 sediment with the nuclei after cell lysis by mechanical disruption. The distribution of HMGs is unaffected by incubating cells with cytochalasin B and mechanically fractionating rather than enucleating them. Therefore, the dramatic difference in HMG 1 distribution observed using the two fractionation techniques cannot be explained by a cytochalasin-B-induced redistribution. On reextraction and sedimentation of isolated nuclei obtained by mechanical cell disruption, only 8 percent of the HMG 1 is released to the supernate. Thus, the majority of the HMG 1 originally isolated with these nuclei, representing 35 percent of the total HMG 1, is stably bound, as is all the HMGs 14 and 17. The remaining 65 percent of the HMGs 1 and 2 is unstably bound and leaks to the cytosol fraction under the conditions of mechanical disruption. It is suggested that the unstably bound HMGs form a protein pool capable of equilibrating between cytoplasm and stably bound HMGs.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Globin synthesis in hybrid cells constructed by transplantation of dormant avian erythrocyte nuclei into enucleated fibroblasts.

The polypeptides synthesized by mature embryonic erythrocytes prepared from the peripheral blood of 14- to 15-day-old chicken embryos were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Fewer than 200 species of polypeptides were detected; the major polypeptides made at this time were identified as the alpha A-, alpha D-, and beta-globin chains. The dormant erythrocyte nuclei were next reactivated to transcriptional competence by transplantation into enucleated mouse or chicken embryo fibroblasts, with frequencies of cytoplast renucleation of about 50 and 90%, respectively. Since large numbers of hybrid cells could be constructed, a biochemical analysis was possible. Electrophoretic analysis of the [35S]methionine-labeled polypeptides made in the hybrid cell types showed that polypeptides having the mobilities of only two (alpha A and alpha D) of the three major adult globin chains were made as major constituents of the hybrid cells. However, analysis of 14C-amino acid-labeled polypeptides revealed that a beta-like polypeptide that lacked methionine was also synthesized in large amounts. This polypeptide was tentatively identified as the early embryonic globin species rho. Globin synthesis was detected as early as 3 h after nuclear transplantation and as late as 18 h, the last time measured in these experiments. It appeared that globin polypeptides made at very early times were translated at least partially from chicken messenger ribonucleic acid introduced into the hybrid cells during fusion, whereas those made at later times were translated primarily from newly synthesized globin messenger ribonucleic acid. The potential usefulness of this hybrid cell system in analyzing mechanisms regulating globin gene expression is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Pseudomonas infections of the foot after puncture wounds.

Evaluation of ten children with Pseudomonas bone and joint infections resulting from puncture wounds of the foot identified a definite pattern to sequelae. The longer the symptoms were present before adequate treatment was instituted the greater was the risk of bone and joint destruction along with the development of chronic osteomyelitis. The syndrome usually does not produce systemic signs, but the patterns is characteristic and should be considered after any puncture wound of the foot in which the symptoms worsen instead of improving with time.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1978

Alternate pathway activation of complement in a Proteus mirabilis ulceration of the cornea.

A 63-year-old patient had an extensive infiltration, ulceration, and eventual perforation of the cornea caused by Proteus mirabilis. Histopathological examination of corneal tissue that was obtained at keratoplasty disclosed that the stroma was ulcerated with a diffuse infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Immunopathological examination of the cornea revealed prominent and diffuse staining for properdin and C3 complement. There was an absence of staining for IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and C4 complement. These findings suggest that the alternate pathway of complement was activated in this ulcerated cornea and that immunopathological phenomena contribute to the polymorphonuclear infiltration found with Gram-negative ulcerations of the human cornea.

Complement C3↗