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Biomedical subjects

J Burkholder

Publications and source records attributed to J Burkholder.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

In vivo and in vitro gene transfer to mammalian somatic cells by particle bombardment.

Chimeric chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and beta-galactosidase marker genes were coated onto fine gold particles and used to bombard a variety of mammalian tissues and cells. Transient expression of the genes was obtained in liver, skin, and muscle tissues of rat and mouse bombarded in vivo. Similar results were obtained with freshly isolated ductal segments of rat and human mammary glands and primary cultures derived from these explants. Gene transfer and transient expression were also observed in eight human cell culture lines, including cells of epithelial, endothelial, fibroblast, and lymphocyte origin. Using CHO and MCF-7 cell cultures as models, we obtained stable gene transfer at frequencies of 1.7 x 10(-3) and 6 x 10(-4), respectively. The particle bombardment technology thus provides a useful means to transfer foreign genes into a variety of mammalian somatic cell systems. The method is applicable to tissues in vivo as well as to isolated cells in culture and has proven effective with all cell or tissue types tested thus far. This technology may therefore prove to be applicable in various aspects of gene therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Surgical therapy for left ventricular aneurysms. A ten-year experience.

We reviewed retrospectively the surgical results of left ventricular aneurysm reduction in 197 consecutive patients operated on in 1977-1987. There were 19 hospital deaths (9.6%) and 38 late deaths. The cumulative 5- and 10-year survival probabilities were 79% and 67%. Of the 140 late survivors, 130 underwent follow-up study in 1988 (mean, 5 years postsurgery). We analyzed preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative variables to evaluate the efficacy of surgical therapy. The risk of early mortality was increased by worsening preoperative New York Heart Association class, operation within 30 days of myocardial infarction, combinations of ventricular arrhythmia and congestive heart failure, renal failure, and preoperative cardiogenic shock. There was a trend toward increased early mortality with multivessel coronary artery disease. Late mortality and length of survival were not predicted by any variable examined.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1987

Anti-BoLA-w8 monoclonal antibody: production of a tissue typing reagent after blocking monomorphic sites on bovine mononuclear cells.

A murine monoclonal antibody, WIM-8 with specificity for BoLA-w8, was generated after using an immunization protocol designed to reduce the response to bovine monomorphic determinants. BoLA-w8/w9 peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells were incubated with an antiserum from mice immunized with BoLA-w10/w20 PBM cells. Splenocytes from a mouse that received three intravenous injections of the treated cells were fused with murine myelomas. A hybridoma supernatant with alloreactivity in ELISA against BoLA-w8 positive but not BoLA-w8 negative PBM cells was tested for lymphocytotoxicity in parallel with parous alloantisera. WIM-8, an IgG2b monoclonal antibody, identified the 44,000 dalton protein of the bovine MHC class I molecule present on Bos taurus and Bos indicus animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Supraorbital Doppler studies, carotid bruits, and arteriography in unilateral ocular or cerebral ischemic disorders.

In 122 patients with unilateral brain or ocular ischemia, supraorbital Doppler studies revealed evidence of obstruction in 44 of 51 common or internal carotid arteries having greater than 70 percent stenosis, and in only 4 of 23 arteries with 50 to 70 percent stenosis. Ipsilateral bruits were present in 52 of 74 carotid arteries with greater than 50 percent stenosis, and in 19 of 37 arteries with less than 50 percent stenosis. Only one false-positive Doppler result occurred, and only 15 false-positive midcervical bruits were present in 129 normal carotid arteries. Unfortunately, these studies do not decrease the need for radiopaque arteriography, since in 11 of 53 patients, a potentially operable, symptomatic, nonobstructive common or internal carotid artery lesion would not have been suspected by supraorbital Doppler testing and auscultation alone.

Angiography↗
PubMed1975

Observing behavior in the albino rat: a within-subjects' comparison of increasing levels of visual complexity.

54 male CD strain Charles River albino rats were tested for complexity preference using a non-locomotor response. Each subject was presented an array of photographic slides containing an incremental series of complexity elements, i.e., 1, 2, 5 and 25 elements. All photographic slides were randomized both within and across subjects. Each photographic slide of each level of complexity was repeated three times. Results of an analysis of covariance, with luminance as the covariate, showed that cummulative viewing time increased with an increase in stimulus complexity. The relationship between looking and level of complexity was shown to be different when covariance procedures were used than without them.

Animals↗