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Biomedical subjects

J C Andersen

Publications and source records attributed to J C Andersen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Transitional cell tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter associated with capillarosclerosis indicating analgesic abuse.

An association between transitional cell tumors (TCT) and abuse of compound analgesics has been established during the past two decades. Recently thickening of basement membranes around subepithelial capillaries, known as capillarosclerosis, has been reported as a change in the urinary tract pathognomonic for a long-standing abuse of compound analgesics. Therefore the authors reviewed pathologic and clinical data in 59 patients treated for TCT of the renal pelvis or ureter. Capillarosclerosis was found in nine cases (15%) of the TCT group but not in any of the cases selected as controls. Capillarosclerosis is suggested as a valuable marker, which always should be looked for in bladder biopsy specimens. Whenever present it should arouse suspicion of analgesic abuse, and the associated increased risk for developing TCT of the renal pelvis or ureter should be borne in mind.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Adenocarcinoma of the colon presenting as lower extremity gas gangrene (metastatic myonecrosis). Case report.

Nontraumatic metastatic gas gangrene is often associated with occult gastrointestinal malignancies. Usually an ulcerative lesion of the intestinal mucosa serves as portal of entry for the clostridia. Unless treatment is promptly instituted the patients die from overwhelming sepsis within days. Patients surviving should be assumed to harbor an underlying malignancy until proved otherwise.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Non-epithelial basement membrane thickening in the urinary tract associated with phenacetin abuse.

In four cases of capillarosclerosis in the urinary tract associated with analgesic (phenacetin) abuse, the basement membrane (BM) thickening was not confined to the subepithelial capillaries, but was also found around the smooth muscle cells in the luminal part of the tunica muscularis. Electron microscopy confirmed that the changes in the BM around the smooth muscle cells were similar to those seen around capillaries. This non-vascular affection of BM in the urinary tract in patients with phenacetin abuse has not been reported previously. Thus, capillarosclerosis appears to be only part of a BM disorder, that clearly diminishes in intensity with increasing distance from the lumen. It is therefore suggested that the changes are caused by some agent (possibly a metabolite) in the urine diffusing from the lumen into the wall of the urinary tract.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Short-term pulmonary effects of total parenteral nutrition in children with cystic fibrosis.

Indices of respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, and pulmonary diffusing capacity were measured in 11 malnourished children (age 10 to 17 years) with cystic fibrosis, before and after improvement of nutritional status with supplemental parenteral nutrients for 1 month. During this time, the children received 120% of estimated energy requirements (either 3.75% or 22.5% as lipid) and amino acids 2.5 gm/120 kcal by central venous catheter, plus as much of their usual diet as desired. With nutritional supplementation, body weight, triceps skinfold thickness, and mid-arm muscle circumference increased (mean 15%, 62%, and 95%, respectively). Maximum inspiratory airway pressure also increased (mean 29%; P less than 0.01), suggesting improvement in respiratory muscle strength. However, none of the indices of pulmonary function improved. Pulmonary diffusing capacity did not change during parenteral nutrition regardless of the amount of parenteral energy intake supplied by lipid, but arterial oxygen saturation decreased (mean of 93.5% to 91.5%; P less than 0.005). During the month following parenteral nutrition, weight, skinfold thickness, and mid-arm muscle circumference, but not MIP, decreased and arterial oxygen saturation returned to the initial value (P less than 0.01).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in leukemic phase: clinicopathologic correlations.

A leukemic phase occurred in 30 (14 percent) of 214 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. To determine the significance of peripheral blood involvement in each type of NHL, patients were subdivided according to a modified Rappaport classification. Each histologic subtype presented a homogeneous clinical picture which differed from that seen in other histologic subtypes. Of particular note was the recognition of two distinctive cytologic and clinical subtypes within the category of nodular lymphoma, poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma (NPDL). In one subtype, the predominant cells had cytologic features akin to those of lymphoblasts. In these cases, although the interval to peripheral blood involvement was variable, the median leukemic survival was only two months. In contrast in conventional NPDL the median leukemic survival was 43+ months, and peripheral blood involvement did not appear to exert an independent effect on prognosis. In diffuse large cell lymphomas the median leukemic survival was 0.5 months, with peripheral blood involvement appearing as a terminal event associated with unresponsive disease in multiple sites. The recognition of adult lymphoblastic lymphoma as a clinicopathologic entity with a high risk of leukemic conversion, 100 percent in this study, is also confirmed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effects of aspirin and dipyridamole on platelet function, hematology, and blood chemistry of saturation divers.

Twenty-four young male divers were assigned randomly to 4 treatment groups: Group I received aspirin (325 mg) three times daily; II received dipyridamole (75 mg) three times daily; III received both drug regimens; and IV received matching placebo. Double-blind procedures were followed. Treatment began 24 h prior to a 48-h saturation dive (inclusive of 17 h decompression) at a simulated depth of 18.3 m and continued throughout and for 3 days after the dive. A post-dive reduction in circulating platelet count was observed in all groups, except the group that received aspirin only. Platelet survival was shortened in all treatment groups. Five cases of Type I decompression sickness occurred and were treated by recompression, two in the aspirin plus dipyridamole group, two in the dipyridamole group, and one in the placebo group. Blood chemistry and hematology profiles showed that divers with decompression sickness had more elevated GOT, GPT, CPK, cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and greater reductions in platelet count, Platelet Factor 4 and Thrombin Clotting Time than most other subjects. Subjects receiving either aspirin or aspirin plus dipyridamole had fewer changes in these parameters. Failure of aspirin to potentiate, or add to, dipyridamole may be due to other actions of aspirin such as inhibition of prostacyclin synthesis. Further studies of the role of antiplatelet drugs in decompression sickness are warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Human factor VIII: morphometric analysis of purified material in solution.

Study of purified human factor VIII in buffer by freeze-etch electron microscopy reveals rounded, rod-shaped particles measuring 22 by 42 nanometers. When thrombin was added to purified normal factor VIII, there was a rapid loss of rod-shaped particles during the first 15 minutes of incubation at 37 degrees C. Purified plasma from two patients with severe hemophilia contained spherical particles measuring 10 to 50 nanometers in diameter, with no evidence of significant numbers of rod-shaped forms. Negatively stained and unstained air-dried samples of factor VIII corroborate the relative shape and size differences between normal and hemophiliac material.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMed1976

Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy. Evolution into a malignant lymphoma with plasmacytoid features.

In the patient described progressive lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and interstitial pulmonary disease developed two months after the development of immunoblastic lymphadenopathy. Light microscopic examination of a lymph node biopsy specimen suggested a diagnosis of immunoblastic sarcoma. Evolution of this malignant lymphoma into a leukemic phase allowed detailed studies of the malignant cells by electron microscopy, cytochemical staining and immunologic technics. Evidence is presented that this is a case of malignant lymphoma with plasmacytoid and not lymphoid features. Review of the literature on immunoblastic sarcoma suggests that light microscopy and clinical setting are not sufficient to define a homogeneous clinicopathologic disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Molecular structural studies of human factor VIII.

Neither normal nor hemophilic factor VIII protein enters a 5% sosium dodecyl sulfate gel; on reduction, however, a single 195 000-molecular-weight peptide is observed. Hemophilic and normal factor VIII contain carbohydrate and appear identical in subunit molecular weight, electrical charge, and major antigenic determinants. Thrombin activation and inactivation of factor VIII does not detectably change the subunit molecular weight. Trypsin causes similar activity changes and obviously cleaves the factor VIII subunit. Human plasmin destroys factor VIII procoagulant activity and degrades the factor VIII subunit to 103 000-, 88 000-, and 17 000-molecular-weight peptides. Both normal and hemophilic factor VIII as well as thrombin-inactivated factor VIII support ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation. Purified factor VIII chromatographed on 4% agarose in 1.0 M sodium chloride shows no dissociation of the procoagulant activity from the void volume protein. Gel chromatography on 4% agarose in 0.25 M calcium chloride results in a procoagulant activity peak removed from the void volume protein; both peaks contain protein which does not enter a 5% SDS gel, but on reduction a 195 000-molecular-weight subunit band is observed for each. Both the void volume protein peak and the procoagulant activity peak from the 0.25 M calcium chloride-agarose gel column support ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation. After removal of calcium, a small amount of procoagulant activity is present only in the void volume peak. These data suggest that both the procoagulant and von Willebrand activities are on the same molecule. Thus our previous conclusion remains the same: human factor VIII is a large glycoprotein composed of identical 195 000-molecular-weight subunits jointed by disulfide bonds and is responsible for both antihemophilic and von Willebrand activities in human plasma.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1973

The subunit structure of normal and hemophilic factor VIII.

Human factor VIII from normals and hemophiliacs was partially purified by ethanol and polyethylene glycol precipitations. Final purification was achieved by gel filtration on 2 or 4% agarose or ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose. Comparable amounts of highly purified protein were obtained from normal and hemophilic plasma following the agarose chromatography step. Highly purified factor VIII was not dissociated by 6 M guanidine hydrochloride or 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. However, when reduced by beta-mercaptoethanol and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, a single subunit species with an estimated 195,000 molecular weight was found for both normal and hemophilic factor VIII. By sedimentation equilibrium analysis, the normal factor VIII subunit was homogeneous and had an estimated molecular weight of 202,000. The subunit polypeptides from normal or hemophilic factor VIII contained carbohydrate. Each was homogeneous by isoelectric focusing. Immunodiffusion of purified normal and hemophilic factor VIII against rabbit antiserum to purified normal human factor VIII showed a single line of precipitation. Very low concentrations of purified human thrombin initially increased the activity of normal factor VIII about threefold and then progressively destroyed activity by 3 h. Only minimal activation occurred with hemophilic factor VIII. Both the activation and inactivation of normal and hemophilic factor VIII were unaccompanied by detectable changes in subunit molecular weight. These findings may have implications for the definition of the molecular defect in hemophilic factor VIII.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Crohn's disease limited to the vermiform appendix.

Thirteen cases of Crohn's disease confined to the vermiform appendix were seen during a 12-year period. They constituted 16.9% of patients with primary resection of the bowel for Crohn's disease in the same period, but only 0.4% of the cases of acute appendicitis. In 10 of the 13 cases there was marked fibrous thickening of the appendiceal wall, and in 11 there were epithelioid cell granulomas. Appendectomy was performed in all cases. None had postoperative fistula or later manifestations of the disease within the observation time averaging 6.3 years. The recurrence rate was previously believed to approach that of recurrence after resection in other parts of the intestines. Collective review of this and three other relatively large case series gave an estimated recurrence rate of 3.5%. We conclude that in Crohn's disease initially confined to the appendix the course appears to be indolent.

Acute Disease↗