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Biomedical subjects

J C Chignon

Publications and source records attributed to J C Chignon.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Exercise training and rehabilitation techniques in patients with coronary disease].

Exercise rehabilitation is widely prescribed for patients with coronary artery disease and requires the same rigorous approach as physical training in athletes. Training techniques have been carefully described, but the precise physiological justification remains to be elucidated. In order to target the physiological mechanisms which rehabilitation training is designed to improve, it is necessary to have a coherent strategy and apply the techniques with a clear idea of the objective to be attained. We describe the programme we propose to our patients. First, patients are advised to fraction their exercise into short relatively intense periods of exertion separated by rest periods as long as the exertion period. This method is designed to develop the "power" of the aerobic energy system. Later, we progressively introduce longer periods of training at moderate intensity. This part of the rehabilitation is designed to develop the "capacity" of the aerobic system. The decision to develop work capacity is based on the patient's response to the first part of the rehabilitation programme.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1991

Advantages of electrocardiographic monitoring in top level athletes.

We used continuous electrocardiographic monitoring according to Holter's method for a tentative evaluation of the prognostic value of the main electrocardiographic peculiarities of the "athlete's heart". Five hundred and eighty-seven Holter recordings were performed in 164 top athletes divided into three groups: dynamic, static and mixed. Selection criteria were either clinical or electrical (resting-ECG). The prognostic value of arrhythmia is variable: unworrying junctional rhythm (JR) and auriculo-ventricular blocks (AVB) that disappeared under strain, which in our study interested mostly the dynamic group. No pejorative prognostic criteria were found related to supraventricular premature beats (SVPB). Ventricular premature beats (VPB) of recent occurrence were predominantly found, in our study, in the static athletes; their occurrence was not always accounted for and their prognosis, at least as regards sports, was uncertain. Holters repeated throughout the sports season made it possible to establish a relationship between some peculiarities and the training intensiveness: auriculo-ventricular block and junction rhythm culminated during intensive periods. Unusual sinus tachycardia would be indicative of over-training.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Biodisposition of tertatolol in man: a review.

Tertatolol is rapidly (tmax: 1.25 h) and totally absorbed by the gastro-intestinal tract with a low presystemic metabolism, and the bioavailability (60%) is not affected by food intake. Although clearance is low (130 ml/min), half-life is short (3 h) due to a restricted volume of distribution. Tertatolol is extensively metabolized (99%) to 9 metabolites with three equally important pathways, sulfoxidation, hydroxylation and conjugation. The half-life is not altered in hypertensive patients. It is increased in the elderly (7 h) and in patients with renal failure (9 h, irrespective of creatinine levels). However, considering the once-daily regimen, the recommended dose (5 mg/24 h) does not need to be altered in these patients. In hepatic disease, the modifications of pharmacokinetic parameters correlate with the severity (t1/2 = 14.5 h in the severe group). Taking into account the extensive metabolism of the drug, this justifies halving the dose in patients with cirrhosis and prothrombin time less than 70%. The kinetics are linear over a 10-fold dosage range and, after repeated dosing, there is no accumulation. Despite the short half-life, and because of a flat plasma level response curve, beta-blockade continues for 24 h following a 5-mg dose.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

[Vectorcardiographic criteria of ventricular hypertrophy in a population of athletes].

Competitive sports and the physical training involved give rise to cardiac hypertrophy. The vectocardiographic criteria of hypertrophy (Frank's system) were examined in a population of 1800 athletes of varying disciplines. Hypertrophy, essentially ventricular, was common (78% of cases); it was mainly left (46%) but right sided (18%) and bilateral ventricular hypertrophy (I4%) were also observed. Isolated left ventricular hypertrophy was most common in disciplines with high energy requirements (cycling, rowing athletics). Right ventricular hypertrophy was observed in nearly all activities. The most commonly positive criteria were those related to increased amplitude of the electrical signals, especially during depolarisation. The degree of hypertrophy was modest as shown by the absence of certain very specific criteria (clockwise rotation of QRS in the horizontal plane in right ventricular hypertrophy) and by the average numerical values which remained lower than those recorded in patients with pathological hypertrophy. The electrical recordings were suggestive of several different anatomical and haemodynamic forms of hypertrophy. The degree of hypertrophy was variable and depended most of all on the degree of physical training. Some electrical syndromes appeared to vary in time. The incidence of some electrical changes varied when the population was studied after a 10 year interval: for example, the incidence of atypical repolarisation fell from II,4% to 5%. These results suggest that the development of cardiac hypertrophy in competing athletes may have more than one mechanism.

Cardiomegaly↗