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Biomedical subjects

J C Chrisler

Publications and source records attributed to J C Chrisler.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Comparison of eating attitudes and behaviors among adolescent and young women with type 1 diabetes mellitus and phenylketonuria.

The purpose of this study was to assess the eating attitudes and behaviors associated with two chronic diseases that have strong dietary treatment components: type 1 diabetes mellitus and phenylketonuria (PKU). Participants consisted of female campers and staff members who were attending one of two summer camps that specialize in the care of females with type 1 diabetes mellitus (N = 54) and PKU (N = 30). Eating attitudes and behaviors, psychological adjustment, and disease-specific knowledge were assessed using standardized and nonstandardized self-report questionnaires. There was no overall difference in the presence of disordered eating symptomatology between those with diabetes and those with PKU. However, differences in patterns of eating attitudes and behaviors were observed. The data suggest that living with chronic diseases which are treated with dietary management may adversely affect eating attitudes and behaviors and may increase susceptibility to the development of eating disturbances.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Singing "the baby blues": a content analysis of popular press articles about postpartum affective disturbances.

A content analysis was conducted to evaluate the description of postpartum mood disturbances in magazine articles that appeared during the years 1980-1998. Nineteen articles about postpartum depression and eight articles about "the baby blues" were identified and analyzed for their discussion of etiologies, symptoms, treatments, resources, and demographic assumptions about their readers. The results indicate a strong bias in favor of the medical model of postpartum affective disorders. The articles contained contradictory information about the definition, prevalence, onset, duration, symptoms, and treatment of postpartum disorders, and the authors generally assumed that their readers were heterosexual, married, and middle class. Although the purpose of the articles was to educate readers about an important topic in women's health, they failed to provide accurate information, and thus are not a sufficient resource for new mothers who are seeking to learn about psychosocial aspects of the postpartum period.

Bibliometrics↗
PubMed2000

Personality characteristics and coping styles of women working in and in training for nontraditional blue collar jobs.

43 women employed in nontraditional blue collar jobs were compared with 27 women in training for such jobs on a number of variables linked to job success and satisfaction. The purpose of the study was to determine whether women enter blue collar trades with characteristics that predispose them to successful work-role transitions or whether they adopt different coping styles and behavioral characteristics over time in order to fit into their work environments. Questionnaire packets that contained the Self-efficacy Scale, the Personal Assertion Analysis, the Ways of Coping Scale-Revised, and the Bem Sex Role Inventory were completed by 70 women. Participants in training were more androgynous and higher than expected on both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping. Possible explanations and suggestions for research are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1999

Psychometric evaluation of the Menstrual Joy Questionnaire.

Analysis of 10 terms in the Menstrual Joy Questionnaire of Delaney, Lupton, and Toth indicated that the 34 undergraduate students did not agree on the definitions of scale items. The authors discuss the use of this questionnaire as a stimulus in experimental research and as a measure of positive perimenstrual experience.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Compulsive eating, obsessive thoughts of food, and their relation to assertiveness and depression in women.

Fifty-three self-defined compulsive eaters recruited from weight loss programs and a college population and prescreened to eliminate probable anorexics and bulimics participated in this study. They completed the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, Compulsive Eating Scale, Eating Obsessive-Compulsive Questionnaire, Personal Assertion Analysis, and provided demographic information. Participants had high scores for compulsive eating and disinhibition and low scores for depression. The best predictors of compulsive eating were disinhibition and obsessive thoughts of food, which accounted for 61% of the variance. Twenty-one percent of the sample reported a history of sexual abuse. Thirty-one percent of the sample were classified as medically obese, yet 49% perceived themselves to be moderately to very overweight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Body stereotyping and stigmatization of obese persons by first graders.

14 female and 15 male racially diverse first graders were individually interviewed after being shown a set of same-gender body silhouettes. More children were significantly less likely to want to befriend an endomorphic type. Although more children labeled the ectomorph the "good child," the difference did not reach significance.

Body Image↗
PubMed1992

Women and sexually transmitted diseases.

This paper presents a brief review of historical developments in women's health care. It describes the current campaign against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and assesses the campaign's success in light of its history and the reality of women's lives. The authors suggest that women are forced into a double-bind in which they are expected to take responsibility for the prevention of STDs although they may not have the ability to do so. Modifications are suggested which take into account gender-role socialization and social group norms.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Activity level across the menstrual cycle.

7 women recorded number of miles walked per day and oral temperature daily upon rising for 6 weeks. Analysis of variance indicated no significant differences in activity level associated with cycle phases but individual differences in activity level among subjects were significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The media construct a menstrual monster: a content analysis of PMS articles in the popular press.

A content analysis was conducted to evaluate the description of premenstrual syndrome in magazine articles which appeared during the years 1980-1987. Seventy-eight articles were identified and evaluated for their discussion of symptoms and treatments, the language and terms used in the articles and their titles, and the types of issues covered by different kinds of magazines. The results indicate a strong bias in favor of reporting negative menstrual cycle changes. Articles are generally negative in tone and present a confusing array of symptoms and contradictory treatment recommendations. The media coverage of PMS supports the stereotype of the maladjusted woman. Implications of this negative coverage are discussed and recommendations to improve media reports of PMS are made.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Menarche stories: reminiscences of college students from Lithuania, Malaysia, Sudan, and the United States.

Women college students in four countries were invited to write the story of their first menstruation in as much detail as memory allowed. Stories were received from 26 Lithuanians, 27 Americans, 20 Malaysians, and 23 Sudanese. The stories were read and their contents analyzed for the presence or absence of information on such topics as emotional reaction, preparedness, sources of information about menstruation, changes in body image, and celebrations of this rite of passage. Similarities and differences among the groups are discussed, and passages from particularly interesting stories are quoted.

Adolescent↗