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Biomedical subjects

J C Daubresse

Publications and source records attributed to J C Daubresse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Lack of clinical and physiological relationship between gastrin and calcitonin in man.

The clinical and physiological relevance of the relationship between gastrin and calcitonin has been investigated in normal subjects and in patients suffering from gastritis or duodenal ulcer. Basal plasma levels of calcitonin are increased in these patients but there is no significant relationship between calcitonin and gastrin levels. Acute pentagastrin injection in normal male subjects increased significantly (P less than 0.05) plasma calcitonin levels whereas lower doses of pentagastrin which are known to stimulate gastric secretion are without effect on calcitonin levels. Moreover, stimulation of gastrin secretion by a protein test meal and by intragastric administration of a calcium chloride solution is not followed by any significant increase of plasma calcitonin levels. These results suggest that the stimulation of calcitonin secretion by gastrin and its synthetic analogue pentagastrin is a pharmacological rather than a physiological phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Sexual dysfunction and disordered carbohydrate metabolism (author's transl)].

Sexual impotence with inability to produce erection is a frequent accompaniment of diabetes. Only exceptionally however is impotence complained of as a symptom. Though in no direct sense a danger to the patient's life, impotence is sometimes a source of major distress and, in a few exceptional cases, may lead to suicide. It is therefore important to distinguish the different mechanisms underlying impotence, and in particular to differentiate psychogenic mechanisms, far more relevant than formerly thought in diabetic patients, from organic mechanisms, in particular neuropathic and vascular, uncommonly, endocrine. Besides cases of unequivocal diabetes, there is an abnormally high proportion of patients suffering from "psychogenic" impotence affecting erection who have impaired glucose tolerance. In such patients the disordered metabolism could reflect at neuroendocrine level the existence of neuro-psychological dysfunction, either a cause or a consequence of the impotence. A second possibility is that the metabolic disorder directly impairs neurological function, resulting in neuropathic impotence. Clearer understanding of the complex mechanisms relating disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism to sexual impotence requires multidisciplinary approaches. Such arrangements are necessary for the planning and conduct of schemes of treatment involving to varying extents the special approaches of psychology, sexology, endocrinology, urology and vascular surgery. The success of such treatment will depend largely upon the quality of the diagnostic and therapeutic approach which requires individualised planning.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1979

Clofibrate and diabetes control in patients treated with oral hypoglycaemic agents.

1. Twenty-two maturity-onset type diabetics treated with oral hypoglycaemic agents entered a single-blind crossover study using placebo (periods A and C, 2 months each) and clofibrate (2 g/day; period B; 2 months). 2. In thirteen patients, under reasonably good control, clofibrate did not reduce fasting or post-prandial blood glucose, nor 24 h glycosuria; no improvement was noted in the M-value, an index of diabetes control. 3. In contrast, in nine patients, with poor diabetes control, clofibrate reduced 24 h glycosuria and significantly improved the M-value. 4. In all patients, clofibrate therapy was associated with a significant 19-23% reduction in plasma fibrinogen. 5. It is suggested that addition of clofibrate may be useful in maturity-onset diabetics not adequately controlled by diet combined with oral hypoglycaemic agents.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1979

The usefulness of a rapid method for total fast hemoglobins determination in screening for diabetes control.

We have used a simple and rapid method for the determination of total fast hemoglobins (HbA1a+b+c) in 102 diabetics and 36 normal controls. The method was described by Kynoch and marketed by Isolab. It proved to be useful in screening for patients with inadequate metabolic control in whom as a rule, total fast Hb values were higher than 8.5%. Mean Hb A1a+b+c value was significantly higher in the group of diabetics in comparison with normals (9.9 +/- 0.2 versus 6.9 +/- 0.8%). The diabetic patients were separated into four groups according to predetermined criteria of recent metabolic control. Even the patients considered to have a very good diabetes control during the past eight weeks, had supranormal total fast Hb values (7.7 +/- 0.2%). In the patients with good, poor and bad diabetes control, mean total fast Hb levels were respectively 9.3 +/- 0.3, 10.1 +/- 0.3 and 12.5 +/- 0.4%. In normals, there was a positive correlation between individual fasting blood glucose and total fast Hb values and in diabetics, mean blood glucose values correlated with total fast Hb levels. Hb A1a+b+c determinations also correlated with triglyceride values. We could find no significant association between high total fast Hb levels (greater than 8.5%) and the prevalence of retinopathy.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1978

Pituitary-testicular axis in diabetic men with and without sexual impotence.

In nine impotent diabetics (ID), eight diabetics with normal sexual function (ND), eight impotent non diabetics (IN) and seven normal patients (NN), we found normal basal FSH and LH levels. Plasma testosterone (T) values were significantly lower in ID and IN in comparison with NN and ND. After LHRH injection, plasma T increased in ID up to normal values. In non diabetic patients (NN and IN), LHRH induced a slight but significant rise in blood glucose. Post LHRH gonadotropins response was in the normal range for all groups and the amplitude of the response was highly correlated with basal levels except for LH in ND. Mean blood glucose during the test and LH response to LHRH were not inversely correlated in the patients studied. We conclude that impotence in diabetic patients is a neurological complication and that low testosterone levels are probably secondary to a decreased coital frequency. ID and IN probably share a common pattern of inadequate hypothalamic feedback control in the presence of low testosterone levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A controlled clinical trial of calcium dobesylate in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

In a two-year study of 36 diabetic patients with retinopathy, proliferative in 18, first six months (period A) were spent in baseline. The patients then received calcium dobesylate, 250 mg three times a day (period B) and were then entered into the double blind part of the study, receiving either dobesylate for six months followed by placebo for a further six month period, or the reverse, according to a randomised code (period C and D). Cutaneous capillary resistance (CCR) which was abnormal in 26 patients at the beginning of the study had returned toward normal in 11 patients by the end of period B. However, this beneficial effect was not confirmed in the double blind part of the study. Punctate red spots (microaneurysms and microhemorrhages) were counted at the end of each period. No statistically significant differences were noted at any period studied. Retinal angiographic studies also failed to demonstrate any beneficial effect of the drug.

Benzenesulfonates↗
PubMed1976

Lipids and lipoproteins in chronic uraemia. A study of the influence of regular haemodialysis.

Plasma lipids and lipoproteins were studied in a group of chronic uraemia patients some of whom were maintained by regular haemodialysis. Compared with healthy individuals, there was a significant increase in plasma triglycerides and in the prebeta-1- and prebeta-2-lipoprotein plasma concentrations. There was no difference between dialyzed and undialyzed patients. Carbohydrate intake was normal, basal plasma insulin and free fatty acid levels were within the normal range. There was no correlation between plasma triglyceride levels and the degree of hypoalbuminaemia, the latter being marked in 30% of the patient. Basal plasma glucagon levels were very high in nearly all dialyzed patients and post-heparin lipoprotein-lipase activity was very low in dialyzed patients. In our experience, regular haemodialysis for 32 weeks did not improve hypertriglyceridaemia.

Blood Glucose↗