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Biomedical subjects

J C Hoffman

Publications and source records attributed to J C Hoffman.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Benign hemangioendothelioma involving the central nervous system: "strawberry nevus" of the neuraxis.

Benign hemangioendothelioma is rarely included in discussions of vascular neoplasms involving the central nervous system, whereas it is a well-defined entity outside the neuraxis. We present four cases of benign hemangioendothelioma, including an infantile hemangioendothelioma with venous drainage into the transverse dural sinus, an intracranial hemangioendothelioma adherent to the falx cerebri, a spinal epidural hemangioendothelioma causing spinal cord compression, and a parasellar hemangioendothelioma. Although hemangioendothelioma resembles hemangioblastoma in some ways, it is a distinct entity differing from the other vascular lesions involving the central nervous system.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Diagnosis of empty sella syndrome using Amipaque cisternography combined with computerized tomography.

A neuroradiological technique for demonstrating the empty sella syndrome using a low dose of intrathecally injected Amipaque (metrizamide) combined with computerized tomography scanning is described. Two case reports illustrating the potential value of the technique are presented. We have performed 55 cisternograms and have demonstrated the empty sella syndrome in six patients. The procedure is easier to perform and the morbidity is less than in pneumoencephalography.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Evaluation of the abnormal sella turcica.

Current neurodiagnostic and endocrine evaluation for pituitary tumors, empty sella syndrome, and parasellar lesions includes new techniques. Multidirectional polytomography of the sella turcica in detecting very small pituitary adenomas is important. Also, the role of computerized axial tomography (CT scanning) in defining size and extent of sellar and parasellar lesions is increasing. There has been a decline in the use of cerebral angiography and pneumoencephalography, especially the latter, in the diagnostic workup of these patients since the introduction of CT scanning.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

Interventional neuroradiology: a joint effort of the neuroradiologist and neurosurgeon in the treatment of vascular lesions of the head and neck.

Close cooperation between the neuroradiologist and neurosurgeon has made possible the treatment of certain lesions of the head and neck by embolization procedures. The experience at Emory University Hospital with embolizations of arteriovenous malformations, carotid-cavernous fistulae, dural-cavernous sinus fistulae and glomus jugulare tumors is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Limitations of computerized tomography scanning in acoustic neurinomas.

Computerized tomography (CT) of the head has certain limitations in detecting small lesions and subtle erosions of bone. The CT scan can give valuable information in the large cerebellopontine angle tumors; however, it should not replace polytomography of the petrous ridges in examining patients for small acoustic neurinomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Observations on the cyclic nucleotide concentrations in human cerebrospinal fluid.

Previous studies have shown that the concentrations of 3', 5' cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and 3', 5' cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), brain, or both, are increased by melanotropic peptides and catechol amines, and by cholinergic agents. The present study measured the concentrations of cAMP, cGMP, and melanotropic activity in the CSF of normal patients and in 136 subjects with various neurologic diseases. In normal lumbar CSF, concentrations (ave +/- SD) were: cAMP, 21 +/- 8 mM; cGMP, 2.4 +/- 0.5 mM; melanotropic activity, 17 +/- 6 units/100 ml. Concentrations of cAMP, cGMP, and melanotropic activity did not differ significantly (P is less than .05) from normal in the following categories of adult and pediatric patients: back pain due to vertigo of unknown cause; cerebral atrophy; cerebral vascular disease; and brain tumor subdural hematoma not causing increased ventricular pressure. Nine children with retarded psychomotor development caused by diffuse brain disease (infection, trauma, hemorrhage, degenerative process, long-standing hydrocephalus with thinning of the cerebral mantle) had subnormal levels of cAMP and melanotropic activity. These two variables were significantly correlated in the entire series of CSF samples (r=+0.55, P is less than .005). cGMP was elevated in the ventricular fluid of adult and pediatric patients when the ventricular pressure was abnormally elevated. The nucleotide's level rose as high as 50 X normal when ventricular pressure exceeded 300 mm H2O. The concentration of ventricular cGMP was proportional to that of ventricular pressure (r=+0.76, P is less than .005). The correlation was similar regardless of the type of hydrocephalus (congenital or acquired, communicating or obstructive), the age of the patient, or the nature of the underlying disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Femoral percutaneous catheterization in infants and small children for cerebral angiography.

An improved technique of selective cerebral angiography for infants and small chicken is described. The needle is inserted approximately 45 degrees to the skin in order to avoid subintimal placement of the tip. After good backflow is established, the guidewire is advanced to a position in the descending aorta. A No. 3 polyethylene catheter and 21-gauge scalp vein needle were most successful.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1975

Effects of pinealectomy and constant light on the estrous cycles of female rats.

Adult Charles River female rats were pinealectomized, sham-operated or left intact, and half of each group was placed in 12L:12D while the other half we exposed to constant light (LL). Daily vaginal smears permitted the calculation, at weekly intervals, of the percent of rats in each group in LL showing 5 or more consecutive days of vaginal cornification. After 11 weeks in LL, those rats were returned to LD for 6 weeks and then put back into LL until the termination of the experiment 3 weeks later.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Basal ganglia calcification as a late radiation effect.

Basal ganglia calcification following radiation therapy has rarely been documented in the literature. A case of diffuse bilateral basal ganglia calcification developing 6 years after irridiation of a hypothalamic glioma is presented. Review of previous reports and other causes of basal ganglia calcification are discussed.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1975

Intracranial hemangiopericytomas. Angiography, pathology and differential diagnosis.

Intracranial hemangiopericytomas are tumors which angiographically and histologically can mimic other vascular intracranial masses. The term angioblastic meningioma has been applied to this tumor and to other vascular tumors. However, hemangiopericytomas have a unique biological behavior and prognosis as they tend to recur or metastasize and are insensitive to radiation. Hence, the importance of their specific recognition is emphasized. This is a report of the roentgenologic and pathologic fidings in five cases of histologically verified intracranial hemangiopericytomas. The angiographic findings common to these tumors include a myriad of tiny irregular feeding vessels springing from a main trunk, an intense fluffy type of stain, lack of early veins, and prolonged tumor circulation time. The major arterial supply is from the internal carotid or vertebral circulation rather than from external (meningeal) vessels. Differentiation from other vascular tumors particularly supratentorial hemangioblastoma, glioblastoma multiforme, as well as from vascular meningothelial meningioma is important from both the angiographic and histologic aspects.

Adult↗