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Biomedical subjects

J C Jarrett

Publications and source records attributed to J C Jarrett.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Laparoscopy: direct trocar insertion without pneumoperitoneum.

This paper examines the technique of directly inserting the laparoscopic trocar without establishing a previous pneumoperitoneum. The technique is carefully described, and a series of 1002 patients in whom it has been used are reported. The advantages of this method are discussed. Use of the Surgiport Disposable Trocar with the shield enhances the safety of this technique. This technique merits further investigation as an easy and safer means of performing laparoscopy.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Exercise-induced changes in uterine artery blood flow, as measured by Doppler ultrasound, in pregnant subjects.

Eleven healthy women with singleton pregnancies between 16 and 28 weeks gestation were continuously exercised, in a graded fashion, by stationary bicycle to a predetermined target heart rate. Before and within 3 minutes after exercise, uterine artery waveforms were identified from a semirecumbent position using a 3.5 MHz continuous-wave Doppler transducer coupled to an Angioscan spectrum analyzer. The ratio of peak systolic to end-diastolic frequency (A/B ratio) was utilized to assess qualitative differences in flow before and after exercise. No statistically significant changes in A/B ratios were noted. This study suggests that nonexhaustive maternal exercise does not compromise uterine artery blood flow in healthy, low-risk pregnant subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Tubal reanastomosis: a comparison between microsurgical and microlaser techniques.

In order to evaluate the effect of the carbon dioxide laser as an adjunct to conventional microsurgical techniques, the authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of 53 patients who underwent tubal reanastomosis after elective sterilization. Thirty-two patients had non-laser microsurgical reanastomosis from 1981 to 1985; 21 patients had microlaser tubal reanastomosis from 1983 to 1985. All patients had unprotected intercourse for at least 1 year. In the non-laser group, 15 were known to have conceived, and in the laser group, eight had conceived; success rates were 43.7% and 42.9%, respectively. It is concluded that the carbon dioxide laser's advantages (precision, hemostasis, and the ability to preserve more normal reproductive tissue), although technically beneficial in performing microsurgical tubal reanastomosis, may not prove to be superior to conventional microsurgical technique as pregnancy rates are compared. Additional long-term studies are needed as more experience is gained to further delineate the role of the carbon dioxide laser for microsurgical tubal reanastomosis.

Fallopian Tubes↗
PubMed1986

Adhesion formation and uterine tube healing in the rabbit: a controlled study of the effect of ibuprofen and flurbiprofen.

To determine if the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors ibuprofen and flurbiprofen can suppress postoperative adhesion formation, New Zealand White rabbits that had uterine tubal ligation underwent uterine tube reanastomosis and were given either saline solution (controls), 75 mg of ibuprofen intravenously every 6 hours, or 12.5 mg of flurbiprofen intravenously every 6 hours for 8 doses after operation. Both ibuprofen and flurbiprofen significantly reduced postoperative adhesions (p less than 0.025). With histologic indices of tissue reunion, ibuprofen and flurbiprofen were associated with significantly less scar thickness than controls (p less than 0.001) but did not have any significant effect on mucosal regeneration, foreign body reaction, and muscularis disruption. When all four histologic indices were compared, flurbiprofen but not ibuprofen had a significantly lower score than controls, indicating the greater potency of flurbiprofen over ibuprofen. Our findings show that ibuprofen and flurbiprofen can suppress perioperative and postoperative surgically induced inflammatory response associated with healing and thereby reduce adhesion formation and scar thickness.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Insulin binding to human ovaries.

Human ovarian tissue samples were obtained at the time of laparotomy, and plasma membrane fractions were prepared and used in receptor assays. Incubations of the membrane fraction were performed with [125I]insulin (porcine), and Scatchard analysis of binding showed biphasic curves. The high affinity sites had an average concentration of 57.4 +/- 7.9 (+/- SEM) fmol/mg protein and a dissociation constant of 3.5 +/- 0.9 nM (n = 9). Neither affinity nor number of binding sites changed significantly during the menstrual cycle. We conclude that there is high affinity binding of [125I]insulin to human ovarian plasma membranes.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, and hysterosalpingography in evaluation of female infertility.

The diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic value of hysterosalpingography (HSG), laparoscopy, and hysteroscopy were evaluated in 77 women who underwent these procedures as part of their infertility evaluation. HSG revealed in 32 women (42%) evidence of tubal or peritoneal disease, and 16 other women (21%) had radiographic evidence of intrauterine abnormalities. These findings were confirmed by laparoscopy in 84% of patients and by hysteroscopy in 69%, giving false-positive rates of 16% and 31% for HSG. HSG had a false-negative rate of 13% for tubal or peritoneal disease as subsequently uncovered by laparoscopy, and 1.3% for intrauterine lesions as revealed by hysteroscopy. The data suggest that while laparoscopy is of value in detecting previously unsuspected tubal disease, hysteroscopy adds little information in the management of the infertile patient. For optimum evaluation, a combined approach using all three procedures is recommended, especially in patients with a history of uterotubal and peritoneal lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Small bowel obstruction following diagnostic laparoscopy.

The occurrence of an incarcerated small bowel hernia through a subumbilical laparoscopic incision site is a rare event. The obstruction occurred 7 weeks after laparoscopy and 1 week after bilateral tuboplasty through a Pfannenstiel incision. Following laparoscopy, the possibility of a bowel obstruction should be entertained in any patient presenting with signs consistent with this diagnosis regardless of the intervening period of time.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Jogging during pregnancy: an improved outcome?

Little information is available concerning the effects of jogging during pregnancy on fetal and maternal outcomes. Through the use of a questionnaire, data were obtained on 67 experienced runners who continued to jog during pregnancy. The women had been running for an average of 3.8 years before the pregnancy, and ran an average of 470 miles during the pregnancy. The average number of miles run decreased as the pregnancy progressed (P less than .05). There was no correlation between the number of miles run during the pregnancy, or in the third trimester alone, and either infant birth weight or gestational age. The incidence of maternal and fetal complications was low. Although there are limitations with questionnaire retrospective studies, these data suggest that jogging during pregnancy by healthy women accustomed to such activity is not harmful to the infant.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Partial hypopituitarism and hyperprolactinemia: successful induction of ovulation with bromocriptine and human menopausal gonadotropins.

The case of a patient who developed partial hypopituitarism (hypogonadotropism and growth hormone deficiency) following transphenoidal removal of a prolactinoma is described. Hypogonadotropism persisted despite restoration of normoprolactinemia with bromocriptine therapy. Successful induction of ovulation with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) and bromocriptine suppression of the hyperprolactinemia was carried out, resulting in a pregnancy. The pros and cons of operative and nonoperative management of hyperprolactinemia are discussed.

Adult↗