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Biomedical subjects

J C Mandard

Publications and source records attributed to J C Mandard.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Granular cell tumor of a cerebral hemisphere: value of gliofibrillary protein acid assay].

A patient with a left parieto-occipital tumor presented generalized convulsions, and aphasia with alexia and agraphia. Diagnosis was confirmed by CT scan. Partial excision only was possible and was followed by radiotherapy. Histology showed the tumor to be composed of moderate and large sized cells with a granular PAS+ cytoplasm. Protoplasmic astrocytes were numerous at the periphery. Electron microscopy demonstrated typical features of Abrikossof's granular cell tumor: heterogeneous granulations constituted mainly of secondary lysosomes, autophagic vacuoles, multivesicular bodies, and rare angular bodies. The granular cells were interspersed with astrocytes, the feet of which were implanted on the capillary basal membrane. Immunoperoxidases assay of gliofibrillary protein acid demonstrated high levels in the intercellular prolongations, considered here to be astrocytic, but weak concentrations in the granular cells. This suggests uptake by the latter cells of adjacent astrocytic gliofibrillary protein acid, especially as the action of an anti-albumin serum on the tumor demonstrated that the granular cells can take up extracellular proteins by a passive mechanism. These findings stand against an astrocytic origin of the tumor. Comparison with other granular cell tumors, particularly pituicytomas, provides evidence of morphological unity, but cerebral granular cell tumors are rich in astrocytes, whereas these are absent in pituicytomas. The oncogenic unity of these tumors has not been established.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Methyl methacrylate embedding technique. Its use in bone pathology (author's transl)].

The authors describe a prepolymerized methyl methacrylate embedding technique for undecalcified bone biopsies. They have a 588 biopsies experience. Results are obtained in three days. The use of a prepolymerized Medium reduces retraction artefacts. Structures are well preserved, so morphometric analysis is easy. All routine colorations can be done after deplastification. It is especially easy to recognize the osteoid tissue, the method consequently being useful in the diagnosis of osteomalacia and hyperparathyroidism.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1982

[Cervical neurenteric cyst with paroxysmal symptoms].

Description of a cervical intradural extramedullary neurenteric cyst in a fifty eight years old female. After a sudden onset of right brachial paresis, spinal hemiplegia during the following few days. The tumor was situated at C6 and C7 in front of the spinal cord. It could be completely removed by means of laminectomy.

Female↗
PubMed1982

[Pemphigus vegetans, a clinical type of chronic pustular dermatitis of Hallopeau].

A 49-year old woman had an eruption resembling 'dermatite pustuleuse chronique en foyers a progression excentrique' as initially described by Hallopeau. Numberous vegetating lesions occurred over the genitocrural, pubic, umbilical and submammary regions. The finger-nails showed onycholysis and sterile pustules. No bullae were seen at any time. Histopathological study revealed the presence of acantholysis. Direct immunofluorescent microscopy showed IgG deposits in the intercellular epidermal space. The titer of pemphigus antibody was 1/1,600: the results of these immunofluorescence studies on early pustular lesions as well as vegetating lesions support the view that Hallopeau disease belongs to the 'pemphigus group'. The patient was treated first with oral prednisone (80 mg/day). In twelve months of follow-up care, the vegetating lesions disappeared completely, leaving hyperpigmentation. Prompt recurrence of lesions was observed when corticosteroids were discontinued; reinstitution of this therapy was followed by their regression. A difference exits between pemphigus vegetans of Hallopeau and pemphigus vegetans of Neumann: (1) the Hallopeau type begins with pustules as the primary lesions, followed by vegetations, with a lack of bullae and a preference for flexural areas. Immunofluorescence studies will be the deciding factor in separating pemphigus vegetans of Hallopeau from pyoderma vegetans. (2) The Neumann type is a variant of pemphigus vulgaris in which the denuded areas have a tendency to heal with papillomatous formations. It begins and ends with bullae.

Acantholysis↗
PubMed1981

The pathologist's role in a multidisciplinary approach for soft part tissue sarcoma: a reappraisal (39 cases).

A combined treatment modality of radiotherapy, surgery, and monochemotherapy in 39 cases of soft tissue sarcomas is presented. The 39 patients presented initially with local disease only, without evidence of metastases. At the end of the surgical procedure the adequacy of the excision had been evaluated by the pathologist. Surgical procedure was complemented by systematic radiation therapy. The overall recurrence rate was 7.7%; the overall incidence of metastases 31%. In the group in which adequate excision had been obtained, no loco-regional recurrences were obtained, survival was significantly better, and the incidence of metastases was lower than in group in whom adequate excision could not be obtained. The importance of two criteria was stress: the depth and the character of the margins of the tumor which cannot be considered separately. The results suggest that there is a correlation between the general and loco-regional malignancy of soft tissue sarcomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Nephrotoxicity of semustine (methyl-CCNU) in patients with malignant melanoma receiving adjuvant chemotherapy.

The nephrotoxicity of semustine (methyl-CCNU) has been studied in 45 adult patients with surgically resected Stage I or II malignant melanoma who received this drug as adjuvant chemotherapy. Abnormalities of renal function (including three cases of renal failure) were noted in seven of 45 patients (16 percent); all these patients received more than 1,400 mg/m2. This represents an incidence of 26 percent in patients receiving more than 1,400 mg/m2 of semustine. Two distinct patterns emerged. Abnormal serum creatinine levels developed in two patients while receiving semustine and later progressed to renal failure. Five patients had normal serum creatinine levels throughout their treatment courses but had abnormal creatinine values one month to two years following the completion of drug therapy. Renal failure developed in one of these patients, but the remaining four have had stable renal function for one to two years of additional follow-up. No clinical signs of renal insufficiency were detected in any patients receiving less than 1,400 mg/m2 of semustine. No changes unequivocally attributable to semustine were seen in eight patients at autopsy despite the fact that three had received greater than 1,900 mg/m2 of nitrosourea. This incidence of nephrotoxicity appears to be significantly lower than that previously reported in children. Guidelines for future therapy with semustine are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Mitral valve insufficiency secondary to endocardial fibrosis associated with distomatosis].

A new case of assumed parasitic cardiac disease is reported once more; a 67 year old woman with a trematode injection presenting with mitral incompetence and left ventricular failure. Biventricular endomyocardial fibrosis predominating at the apex was diagnosed at angiography and confirmed at surgery. Mitral incompetence was related to retraction of the papillary muscles which were surrounded by fibrosis, the rest of the mitral apparatus being normal. There was no indication for endocardectomy and so, mitral valve replacement alone was performed. There are few previous reports of parasitic cardiac disease: one case of left ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis, one case of biventricular fibroplastic parietal endocarditis and one case of cardiomyopathy. This report emphasises the need for cardiac examination in patients with parasitic diseases.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Association of disseminated intravascular coagulation and cutaneous crystal cholesterol emboli (author's transl)].

The case of a 72-year-old man with cutaneous cholesterol emboli in association with disseminated intravascular coagulation (D.I.C.) is described. Favouring the crystal cholesterol emboli hypothesis are the livedo reticularis and purpura in the lower extremities, palpable pulses, arterioles containing cholesterol clefts. Favouring the hypothesis of D.I.C. are the purpuric lesions on the ears and nose, acral cyanosis and haemorrhagic bullae on the hands, intravascular fibrinous thrombi, hemostatic abnormalities and the efficacy of heparin. Two pathogenic hypotheses are discussed: 1) "spontaneous" crystal cholesterol emboli have started a D.I.C. following the release of thromboplastic substances; 2) a D.I.C. with its secondary fibrinolysis has provoked a dissolution of the thrombosis which covered the atheromatous plaques and started cholesterol crystal emboli.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

In situ carcinoma of the esophagus. Macroscopic study with particular reference to the Lugol test.

The results presented here concern the study of in situ cancer and marked dysplasia revealed during the pathological study of 39 specimens removed during esophagogastrectomy for invasive carcinoma of the esophagus. In 12 cases, macroscopic study made it possible to define precisely the macroscopic features of in situ canccer; in one case, however, the mucous membrane at the site of the in situ cancer was macroscopically normal. The iodine test performed in 37 cases showed that the normal esophageal mucosa is iodine-positive and that in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinoma are always represented by sharply defined iodine-negative zones: in the case in which it was sufficiently extensive, marked dysplasia presented the same iodine-negative character. The possibilities for applying these results to early endoscopic diagnosis of esophageal cancer are presented.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1980

Cutaneous crystal cholesterol emboli.

One case of cutaneous cholesterol emboli is described. In patients affected with severe arteriosclerosis of the abdominal aorta, cholesterol crystals may become detached from an atheromatous plaque and result in micro emboli ensuing skin lesions (livedo reticularis, nodules, purple toes, ulcerations, distal gangrene) on the lower extremities. Histopathologic study is required for diagnosis: the lumens of the arterioles were extensively occluded by macrophagic granuloma which surrounded cholesterol crystals.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1979

[Morphometric evaluation of osteoclasts in non-decalcified bone sections. Its value in the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism].

The authors assessed the surface areas of osteocytic lacunae in non-decalcified bone sections using a histomorphometric method involving a device with an adaptable drawing on the microscope and a graduated sheet. In 7 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism proven surgically and in 8 cases of hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal failure, there was significant periosteocytic enlargement in comparison with a group of 7 controls. This method involving non-decalcified bone sections makes it possible to use the same slides as for the quantitative study of bone volumes, and osteoid, osteoclastic and fibrous surface areas. It is thus of great interest in the positive histological diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1978

[The treatment of relapsing polychondritis using sulfones. One case (author's transl)].

A case of relapsing polychondritis was successfully treated with a daily dose of 120 mg of diaminodiphenylsulfone. Clinical signs (fever, fatigue, conjunctivitis, chondritis and hoarseness of the voice) rapidly regressed and remain so 8 months later, despite a decrease in the dose. Biological parameters returned to normal (sedimentation rate, plasma perchlorosoluble seromucoids, urinary acid mucopolysaccharides), and histological and ultrastructural lesions of the auricular cartilage disappeared. The pathogenic role of a herpes infection at the beginning of the disease is discussed.

Aged↗