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Biomedical subjects

J C Merritt

Publications and source records attributed to J C Merritt.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Scanning electron microscopy of the ocular vasculature in retinopathy of prematurity.

Clinicoanatomopathologic correlations in a case of the retinopathy of prematurity are reported. A premature infant delivered at 28 weeks of gestation (weight, 900 g) was hospitalized for a number of health problems, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia and respiratory distress syndrome. Ophthalmic examination, at the age of 5 months, disclosed stage 1B retinopathy of prematurity. The patient died at the age of 161 days; both eyes were taken for scanning electron microscopy and histopathologic studies. Scanning electron microscopy findings included absence of retinal capillaries, anterior uveal neovascularization originating from the venous side, and a coincidental typical coloboma of the optic nerve and choriocapillaris. Histopathologic findings confirmed iris stromal neovascularization, showed retinal neovascularization with proliferation into the vitreous and avascular areas between the midperiphery and ora serrata.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1979

Bacillus cereus panophthalmitis after intravenous heroin.

Two healthy young black men developed panophthalmitis after intravenous heroin injections. Bacillus cereus, considered to be a relatively noncommon pathogen for man, was found to be the causative agent as it was recovered from the anterior chamber and viterous cavity of both cases. The ocular findings were unilateral in each case, and neither patient had any sistemic involvement from the bacteremia. The onset of visual symptoms varied from 24 to 36 hours after the last intravenous injection with the eye becoming rapidly blind. Photographs of the early fundus lesions included preretinal hypopyon-like lesions and peculiar changes in the blood vasculature. Intracameral gentamicin and steroids did not alter the cause, and treatment was enucleation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effects of tetrahydrocannabinol on arterial and intraocular hypertension.

Clinical studies were conducted to determine the relationship between simultaneous changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and intraocular pressure in systemic normotensive (N=8) and hypertensive (N=8) open-angle glaucoma patients (N=16) after inhalation of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Insignificant changes occurred in arterial and ocular pressures after placebo pertubations. The functional responses after 2.8% THC inhalation in sitting normotensive and hypertensive patients included invariable increases in heart rate (range 20-62 beats/min greater than control) followed by substantial decreases in systolic pressure (range 12-52 mmHg less than control), diastolic pressure (range 6-28 mmHg less than control), and intraocular pressure (range 6-21 mmHg less than control). The intensity and duration (3-4 hours) of the arterial and ocular pressure responses to THC were greater in hypertensives than in normotensive patients. The salient observation after THC inhalation was that the changes in ocular pressure paralleled the changes in blood pressure in each glaucoma patient. These findings suggest that the positive chronotropic response to THC tends to maintain cardiac output which limits further decreases in blood pressure and the capillary filtration of aqueous humor decreases or the reabsorption of aqueous humor increases because of the systemic hypotensive effect attending THC inhalation.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Endogenous uveitis in children.

Endogenous uveitis, with its ocular sequalae, accounts for a significant number of blind children in the world today. Even though these children are asymptomatic by ophthalmic history, they usually present with ocular pathology compatible with chronic intraocular inflammation. Although loss of vision is invariably due to cataract formation, fluorescein angiogram, binocular indirect ophthalmoloscopy, and fundus contact lens examination often reveal pathology of the optic nerve and retina, accounting for a significant degree of visual loss. While actual etiologic agents are usually not identified in the majority of children, toxoplasmosis, sarcoidosis, and childhood arthropathies occur with such high frequency that mention is made of these diseases. Conventional surgical procedures for ocular sequalae such as cataract and glaucoma, are known to yield poor results. Corticosteroids administered either topically, periocularly, or systemically appear to be of value in the treatment of these diseases, although control studies have not been done. Efforts to lessen the visual morbidity in these children should begin by a cross-fertilization of information between primary care physicians, pediatricians, and ophthalmologists.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1979

Diurnal intraocular pressure in juvenile open-angle glaucoma.

Outpatient diurnal intraocular pressures were obtained on 10 patients with juvenile open-angle glaucoma at approximately 6 hour intervals. There were 8 males and 2 females with an age range of 19 to 38 years. All glaucomatous medications were stopped 24 hours before recording the tensions. The peak intraocular pressure was recorded at the 6 PM interval in 6 of the 10 patients. Three patients recorded their highest pressures at the 12 AM (midnight) interval. Extraordinarily wide angles were observed in all cases and myopia was a common refractive error. Although the family history was not known in 3 patients, there was a positive family history of glaucoma in 7 of the 10 patients, which suggests an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Adult cytomegalic inclusion retinitis.

Two cases of adult cytomegalic inclusion retinitis are described in renal transplant patients. The areas of initial involvement by the retinitis were left atrophic and demarcated from normal retina by a hypopigmented area in the retina. Both cases were complicated by the development of a secondary glaucoma with open angles. The glaucoma in each patient was successfully managed by carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, epinephrine drops, and cycloplegias. One patient still retains normal visual acuity in the eye which had active retinitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Malignant glaucoma induced by miotics postoperatively in open-angle glaucoma.

A case of malignant glaucoma that developed in a patient with primary open-angle glaucoma is described. The malignant course was induced during the immediate postoperative period by the inadvertent use of miotics. The malignant course was successfully managed by osmotic agents, acetazolamide, cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical steroids.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Transpupillary photocoagulation of the ciliary processes.

We used transpupillary argon laser to photocoagulate the ciliary processes in 7 eyes of 6 patients in an attempt to reduce intraocular pressure. Only one patient showed a decrease in intraocular pressure to a normal level. This patient was the only one in this series in whom large numbers of ciliary processes could be coagulated. The limiting factor in effective transpupillary argon laser photocoagulation may, therefore, be the total number of ciliary processes visualized and treated.

Ciliary Body↗