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Biomedical subjects

J C Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to J C Nelson.

229 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1970

The normal thyroidal uptake of iodine.

The range of values for the 24-hour thyroidal accumulation of radioactive iodine in euthyroid persons varies with geographic location. In the San Bernardino Valley region of Southern California the "normal range" is 6 percent to 33 percent in euthyroid subjects. This is lower than in studies from other areas of the United States. The urinary iodide excretion and the absolute iodine uptake of the thyroid are higher than in studies from many other areas of the United States, pointing to iodine abundance as the reason for this difference. The geographic variation and the possibility of changing dietary iodine intake of normal persons point to the necessity of current and local determinations of the "normal range" of the thyroidal uptake of radioiodine if the results of this thyroid function test are to be properly interpreted.

California↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Depression in late life: age of onset as marker of a subtype.

Late-onset depression may be pathogenetically and prognostically distinct from early-onset, recurrent affective disorder. The authors reviewed records of 94 consecutively admitted unipolar major depressives over the age of 60 years, divided subjects into groups based on their age of onset, and examined demographic and clinical features. Late-onset elderly depressives had a lower incidence of family history of affective illness, longer hospital stay, and more residual symptoms at discharge. However, there was no demonstrable relationship between age of onset and presence of psychosis, melancholia, medical illness, symptom severity at admission, or indicators of neuropathology. Although late-onset elderly depressives did less well than those with early-onset illness, the data do not support the notion of late-onset depression as a distinct pathological process.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of the adrenal responses to hypoglycemia, metyrapone and ACTH.

The adrenal responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and the rapid adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test were compared in 24 healthy volunteers, 18 of whom also underwent a rapid oral metyrapone test. The cortisol levels after hypoglycemia (18.0-30.0 microgram/100 ml) were similar to and directly related to the levels after ACTH (21.0-31.0 microgram/100 ml). The levels after both stimuli were independent of age, sex, height, and weight. The 11-deoxycortisol response to the metyrapone test was less than the cortisol response to hypoglycemia and metyrapone administration was associated with more unpleasant side effects. In a group of 69 control subjects, the post-ACTH cortisol levels were 15.0 to 80.0 microgram/100 ml while in seven patients with Addison's disease they were less than 1-4.5 microgram/100 ml. In 44 control subjects, the posthypoglycemia cortisol levels were 18.0 to 30.0 microgram/100 ml compared with less than 1.0-9.0 microgram/100 ml in 22 patients with hypopituitarism. The absolute poststimulation cortisol levels provided better separation of control subjects from patients with adrenal or pituitary insufficiency than either the increment in cortisol levels or the 11-deoxycortisol response to metyrapone.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Shared neuroendocrine patterns of post-traumatic stress disorder and alexithymia.

High norepinephrine/cortisol ratios have been shown to be useful indicators of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Alexithymia can result from overwhelming stress; thus, we hypothesized that sympathetic-adrenal medullary/hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal ratios would be positively associated with alexithymia severity. In the present study, we correlated 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol (MHPG)/adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and MHPG/cortisol ratios with self-report Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) scores in a group (n = 17) of nondepressed, formerly alcohol-dependent men. The correlations between the respective ratios and TAS scores were 0.515 (p = 0.034) and 0.561 (p = 0.019). We suggest that increasing degrees of alexithymia are accompanied by an increasing separation of these two endocrine systems and then speculate that this dissociation has an anatomical basis in the lateralization of emotions.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗