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Biomedical subjects

J C Roche

Publications and source records attributed to J C Roche.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Invasive meningococcal disease in adolescents and young adults.

CONTEXT: Incidence of invasive meningococcal disease has increased recently in persons aged 15 through 24 years. OBJECTIVE: To characterize meningococcal infection in adolescents and young adults in Maryland during the 1990s. DESIGN AND SETTING: Population-based surveillance study for meningococcal disease from January 1, 1990, through December 31, 1999, in Maryland. PATIENTS: Maryland residents diagnosed as having invasive meningococcal disease. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Invasive meningococcal infection. RESULTS: Of 295 total cases, 71 (24.1%) occurred among persons aged 15 through 24 years. Sixteen (22.5%) of these cases were fatal. The annual incidence rate increased from 0.9 to 2.1 cases per 100 000 among 15 through 24 year olds (P =.01). The proportion of all disease increased from 16.0% to 28.9% (P =.03). The incidence and proportion of cases subsequently decreased to 1.0 and 16.4% in 1998 through 1999, respectively. Infection in 15 through 24 year olds was more likely to be fatal than infection in those younger than age 15 years (22.5% vs 4.6%; P =.001). Infection in 15 through 24 year olds, compared with those aged 25 years or older, was more likely to be associated with male sex (66.2% vs 34.8%; P<.001) and serogroup C infection (46.9% vs 20.2%; P<.001), respectively. Infections were potentially preventable with the licensed meningococcal vaccine in 82.8% of 15 through 24 year olds, 68.1% of those younger than 15 years, and 76.8% of adults aged 25 years or older. CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of meningococcal infection in 15 through 24 year olds in Maryland increased and then declined during the 1990s. Infection in this age group was associated with an unusually high case-fatality ratio, and the vast majority of cases were potentially vaccine preventable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Comparative clinical study of a new 17D thermostable yellow fever vaccine.

The immunogenicity and the safety of a new heat-stable 17D yellow fever vaccine have been assessed in a randomized comparative study by reference to a non-stabilized vaccine preparation. Seronegative adults were used and 115 and 143 were given the heat-stable and the non-stabilized vaccine, respectively. Fifty two days after the immunization, haemagglutination inhibiting antibodies were found in 77.6 and 73.9% of the vaccinees, neutralizing antibodies in 99.3 and 100% of them. The percentage of seroconversion and the geometric mean of antibody titres were not significantly different. No complaints or adverse reactions in association with the vaccines were recorded. This study demonstrates the high immunogenicity of this new stabilized vaccine whose stability has already been proven.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A case of bouton d'orient].

Oriental Sore is the dry cutaneous form of leishmaniasis, a parasitic infection common to man and to certain vertebrates and transmitted by insects: the phlebotomes. This benign tropical disease exists in South East France where it remains very rare, human contamination always being accidental. The lesions, single or multiple, affect the skin only. On the face, the differential diagnosis arises with other much commoner cutaneous lesions (impetigo, etc.). They consist, after 2 to 4 months of incubation, of a rounded erythematous papule, neither pruritic nor painful, which becomes secondarily excavated to produce a crusted ulcer. This lesion, typical at this stage, then persists for many months before an unsightly scar develops. Treatment is local: surgical excision offering the possibility of histological examination and hence a diagnosis. Plastic surgery may be used to correct scars in advanced forms.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

Cryptosporidiosis in an immunosuppressed renal-transplant recipient with IgA deficiency.

Cryptosporidia are sporozoan parasites that infect epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract. Infection with cryptosporidia has been found most commonly in a variety of animal species and only rarely in man. The authors report a case of an immunosuppressed renal-transplant recipient with IgA deficiency who experienced diarrhea and fever and was found to have cryptosporidia in a jejunal biopsy specimen and in air-dried smears of the specimen. By electron microscopy, trophozoite, schizont, and macrogamete forms were identified, and these forms ahd morphologic features similar to those of cryptosporidia previously found in guinea pigs. Treatment of the cryptosporidial infection in this case was with trisulfapyrimidines. The efficacy of this treatment could not be evaluated because of complications.

Apicomplexa↗
PubMed1977

[Detection of HBs Ag in bone's metastatic malignant hepatoma (author's transl)].

A case of metastatic malignant hepatoma in bone, developed in a Vietnamen woman, is reported. Indirect immunofluorescence and orcein staining detect HBs Ag in cytoplasm of many tumor cells. This finding raises pathogenic problems, in particular that of the responsability of heaptitis B virus in the aetiology of certain hepatic tumours.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[10th case of lobomycosis observed in French Guiana].

Lobomycosis a disease specific to the South-American continent; it is rare but not exceptional, since 11 cases have already been observed in French Guyana. A propos of the 10th case, the authors recall the circumstances of the discovery and the basic elements of the microscopical diagnosis. The actual progress in the in vivo culture techniques should allow a better knowledge of the pathogen agent in the future.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Histo-pathological features of African mycetomas (author's transl)].

From a review of 94 original cases of mycetoma, a description of the most important histo-pathological features of these tumors is given. The microscopic diagnosis of mycetoma is easy and so is generally the identification of the responsible agent, either a bacteria or a fungus. In every case and specially in atypic ones a mycological study is necessary to ascertain the aetiological diagnosis.

Africa↗