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Biomedical subjects

J C Veltri

Publications and source records attributed to J C Veltri.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Retrospective analysis of calls to poison control centers resulting from exposure to the insect repellent N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) from 1985-1989.

This study analyzed 9,086 human exposures involving N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide--containing insect repellents that were reported to Poison Control Centers from 1985-1989. Nearly two-thirds of those exposed had no adverse effects or only experienced minor symptoms that resolved rapidly. Symptoms were more likely to occur after ocular or inhalation exposures and least likely to occur if the product was ingested. The only reported death occurred in a patient who suicidally ingested 8 oz of an insect repellent containing N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. Five patients may have experienced a serious or potentially life-threatening effect but the poison center record did not provide unequivocal substantiation of the effect or clearly establish N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide as the causative agent. From the analysis of those patients calling Poison Control Centers, it appears the risk of serious medical effects with the labeled use of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide-containing insect repellents is low in comparison with its reported annual use by about 30% of Americans. For patients contacting Poison Control Centers, the occurrence of adverse effects appears to be related to the route of exposure rather than age or gender of the patient or the concentration of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide in the product.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

A prospective, population-based study of acute ibuprofen overdose: complications are rare and routine serum levels not warranted.

The availability of ibuprofen without a prescription requires assessment of its acute toxicity in the general population. We report results from a prospective study of 329 cases of ibuprofen overdose from a statewide cohort that were reported to our poison center between April 1985 and November 1986; 85 patients had ibuprofen serum concentrations measured. Gastrointestinal disturbances and central nervous system depression were the most common clinical findings (42% and 30% of patients, respectively), but the severity was mild; only one patient had severe symptoms that could be attributed to ibuprofen. Ibuprofen serum concentrations correlated poorly with gastrointestinal symptoms (r = -.177), central nervous system findings (r = .176), presence of coingestants (r = .078), and presence of potentially life-threatening symptoms (r = .087). We evaluated the usefulness of a previously published nomogram to predict ibuprofen toxicity; the positive predictive value for severe symptoms was 6% for all patients and 0% for patients ingesting ibuprofen alone. We conclude that the frequency of life-threatening complications from ibuprofen overdose is low, the nomogram is not predictive of toxicity, and routine serum concentration determinations are not useful as an adjunct in the management of overdose cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A comparison of the frequency and severity of poisoning cases for ingestion of acetaminophen, aspirin, and ibuprofen.

During 1984, 62,837 cases of human exposure to analgesics were reported to the National Data Collection System of the American Association of Poison Control Centers. We undertook a comparative study of 10,134 cases of human exposure to adult formulations of aspirin, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen from which we found that human exposures to analgesics are a common problem reported to poison control centers. All three analgesics studied appear to have minimal toxicity in children who accidentally ingest the product and report the exposure to a poison control center. Most children were managed without referral to a health care facility and without specific therapeutic intervention, other than palliative measures; only a few children develop symptoms from the exposure. When symptoms developed, most were not life-threatening and the child returned to a preexposure state of health within a short time after the onset of symptoms. In adults, the analgesics appear to be relatively safe--that is, most cases had either no effect or caused only minor symptoms; less than 5% of the patients developed a major effect and less than 0.5% died as a result of their exposure. Because the majority of adults took the analgesic intentionally, the low rate of serious effect is notable. Fewer adult patients who ingested ibuprofen were hospitalized or experienced a major effect as a result of their exposure than patients ingesting aspirin or acetaminophen. No deaths were reported in the ibuprofen group.

Accidents↗
PubMed1983

The volume of a swallow: correlation of deglutition with patient and container parameters.

The study purpose was to evaluate the relationships between average volume of a swallow (AVS) and age, height, weight, sex, and container-opening diameter (COD) to confirm and expand the work of Jones and Work. Forty-five males and 50 females between two and 18 years of age were studied. Each subject drank five swallows from each of four containers. AVS for each subject under each condition was calculated and the joint relationship with the independent variables analyzed by multiple regression. Age, height, and weight were highly intercorrelated, and each had similar correlations with AVS. COD was important; between 24 and 90 months of age, swallows from the 6.5 cm COD had a three- or four-fold larger AVS than swallows from the 1.5 cm COD. Sex differences in AVS were noted in subjects over seven years of age. These findings suggest that determination of the child's age and number of swallows ingested may be useful in estimating the fluid volume ingested and the potential toxicity of an exposure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Acute arsenic exposure treated with oral D-penicillamine.

Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) is the arsenic compound most commonly implicated in acute toxic exposures. The toxicity of As2O3 is a function of the preparation's particle size and solubility. A 16-month-old female presented at a local emergency room with a history of acute ingestion of As2O3 obtained from a commonly available pesticide. Classic gastrointestinal symptoms of arsenic toxicity were exhibited shortly after ingestion; however, aggressive decontamination followed by early chelation therapy resulted in the cessation of toxic manifestations and an uneventful recovery. Oral chelation therapy with D-penicillamine has rarely been reported as an effective agent in the treatment of arsenic poisoning. The case reported herein is further documentation that D-penicillamine is effective in increasing the mobilization of arsenic. The authors also recommend that products containing arsenic compounds should not be used where children may come in contact with them until the Environmental Protection Agency's child resistant packaging regulations become effective.

Arsenic Poisoning↗
PubMed1978

One year's experience in a regional poison control center: The Intermountain Regional Poison Control Center.

The Intermountain Regional Poison Control Center in Salt Lake City, Utah, has served as a regional poison center since 1971. Between 1972 and 1976 the call load has more than tripled, with the highest frequency of calls per population coming from counties most proximate to the center. Two-thirds of the cases involve children age five or less, with 18 or over being the next large group. Adolescents and school-age children comprised the smallest group of cases. Two predominant types of poisonings were encountered: accidental ingestions of toxic substances in children and intentional self-poisonings in adults, but the poison center handled almost every conceivable type of poisoning or toxic situation. A detailed analysis of the center's overall experience as well as these two major categories is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Telephone management of poisonings using syrup of ipecac.

Seven hundred and seventy-six cases were studied during a six-month period to see if induction of emesis could be successfully managed at home by telephone. Emesis was successful in 98.8% of cases. In 6.7% of all cases, symptoms were found at 4-hour follow-up that were referrable to the ingestion, but all were considered to be of minor consequence. No complications of vomiting occurred. Twenty-four hour follow-up investigation indicated no significant complications of induction of emesis or complications from managing the patient by telephone. It is our conclusion that, with appropriate telephone supervision, home-induced emesis of ingestions expected to produce mild to moderate symptoms is as effective as emergency room or physician office management of cases. Furthermore, the absence of adverse affects of complications arising from the induction of emesis at home in our cases confirms that this form of management is quite safe.

Adolescent↗