PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J C Vij

Publications and source records attributed to J C Vij.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Human giardiasis: correlation of specific secretory IgA levels in duodenal fluid to the severity of disease and infestation by Giardia lamblia.

Giardia lamblia specific secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels in the duodenal fluid of adult giardiasis cases are reported for the first time. The sIgA levels in the study group were found to be significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than in the 20 age- and sex-matched controls comprising cases classified as non-ulcerative dyspepsia who did nor reveal any G. lamblia in their stools and the duodenal fluid. An inverse relationship between the clinical severity of giardiasis and the level of sIgA in the duodenal fluid was noted. Cases with a higher trophozoite load in duodenal aspirate tended to be associated with envanescent G. lamblia-specific antibodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Relationship of heartburn with histopathological changes in esophagus and stomach in patients with duodenal ulcer.

Histopathological changes in the esophagus and gastric antrum were studied in 47 patients with duodenal ulcer. Twenty three (49%) patients complained of heartburn. Esophagitis was present in 87% of the patients with heartburn and in 71% of the patients with no heartburn. In the majority, esophagitis was of mild to moderate severity. Gastritis was present in 83% (atrophic type in 22%) of patients with heartburn compared to 96% (25% atrophic type) of patients without heartburn. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of esophagitis and gastritis between the heartburn and no heartburn groups. This study suggests that histologic esophagitis and gastritis occur frequently in patients with duodenal ulcer and the presence of heartburn is not related to these histologic changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Development of carcinoma in chronic calcific pancreatitis.

Development of carcinomas of the pancreas over an underlying chronic pancreatitis is a rare event. Diminution of pancreatic calcification, following the development of carcinoma, has been previously reported only once. We report another such case.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1989

Pancreaticobiliary ductal union in biliary diseases. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic study.

To assess whether the anatomy of the pancreaticobiliary ductal drainage into the duodenum has any relationship with biliary diseases we analyzed 259 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograms. These included 102 normal examinations (control group), 95 patients with gallstone disease, and 21 patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder. In the control group, 64 (63%) subjects had a common channel and 38 (37%) had separated openings for the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct. By contrast, the prevalence rate of a common channel was significantly lower in gallstone disease [28 (30%); p less than 0.001]. No such difference, compared with controls, was observed in patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder. The length of the common channel in the control group (mean +/- SD, 4.7 +/- 2.5 mm) was similar to that in gallstone disease (4.6 +/- 2.6 mm). However, patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder had a significantly longer common channel (8.3 +/- 4 mm; p less than 0.001) compared with the control group. An abnormally long common channel (greater than or equal to 8 mm) was seen more frequently in carcinoma of the gallbladder (8 of 21; 38%) compared with normal subjects (3 of 102; 3%) and patients with gallstones (1 of 95; 1%); the difference was highly significant (p less than 0.001 for each). These observations suggest a close association between the anatomy of the distal ends of the common bile duct and main pancreatic duct and the development of gallstones and carcinoma of the gallbladder.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Gastric secretion in cirrhosis and non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis.

Studies on basal and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion were carried out in 20 patients with cirrhosis, 20 with non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis (NCPF) and 20 control subjects. There was no significant difference in the basal volume and acid output between the three groups. However, maximal volume and acid output were significantly lower in patients with cirrhosis and NCPF compared with the control group. There was no correlation between the acid secretion and the degree of hepatocellular dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis. Moreover, the gastric hyposection was as marked in the patients with NCPF as in those with cirrhosis, although the former did not suffer from any hepatic decompensation. It is concluded that gastric hyposecretion is not due to a derangement of hepatocyte function but may be secondary to portal hypertension and collateral circulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Optimum dosage of ispaghula husk in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: correlation of symptom relief with whole gut transit time and stool weight.

To determine the optimum dose of ispaghula husk in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and to assess the correlation, if any between the relief in patients' symptoms and the whole gut transit time, and the increase in stool weight, a two part study was carried out. In part 1, 14 male patients were given ispaghula husk in increasing doses of 10 g, 20 g, and 30 g a day for a duration of 17 days each (14 days of study period + three days of stool collection). Ten patients completed the trial. The symptom score improved significantly with all the three doses of ispaghula. Both 20 g and 30 g doses of ispaghula were superior to the 10 g dose but there was no significant difference between the 20 g and 30 g doses. There was a significant (p less than 0.001) increase in the daily stool weight with 10 g dose of fibre with further significant increases with the 20 g and 30 g doses. A positive correlation was seen between the improvement in the symptom score and the increase in stool weight with the 10 g dose of ispaghula but not with the 20 g and 30 g doses. Whole gut transit time remained fairly constant throughout the study period and there was no relationship with either the dose of ispaghula, the alteration in stool weight, or the improvement in the patients symptoms. Ten patients completed part 2 of the study in which ispaghula husk was given in the same dose (10 g, 20 g, and 30 g) but in a random order and with a "washout" period of one week between individual doses. Again all the three doses of ispaghula produced a significant improvement in the symptoms; 20 g and 30 g doses were equally effective and both were significantly superior to the 10 g dose. Assessed individually, all the three symptoms improved significantly; improvement in constipation and pain abdomen was more pronounced than diarrhoea. It is concluded that the optimum dose of ispaghula husk in irritable bowel syndrome is 20 g per day. There is some correlation between the increase in stool weight and the improvement in symptom score but the whole gut transit time remains unchanged despite alterations in stool weight and patients' symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Oesophageal ulceration after sclerotherapy--a complication or an accompaniment?

Forty eight patients with oesophageal varices were serially endoscoped over a period of 3 weeks for the presence of oesophageal ulcers after the first course of sclerotherapy with absolute alcohol. Post-sclerotherapy oesophageal ulcers were seen in 94% patients on day 1, in 69% patients at 1 week and in only 12.5% patients at the end of 3 weeks. A strong correlation (r = + 0.88) was observed between the incidence of ulceration and the amount of sclerosant injected. In fact, all patients who received 3 ml or more of the sclerosant showed development of oesophageal ulcers. It can be concluded that oesophageal ulcers are probably a necessary accompaniment of sclerotherapy and should not be considered an avoidable complication.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Repeated endoscopic sclerotherapy for active variceal bleeding.

Emergency endoscopic sclerotherapy (EEST) during continued moderate to severe bleeding was carried out using a flexible endoscope and absolute alcohol as a sclerosant in 38 patients with variceal bleeding. Portal hypertension was due to cirrhosis in 27, noncirrhotic portal fibrosis in eight, extrahepatic obstruction in two, and Budd-Chiari Syndrome in one patient. A technically adequate EEST could be carried out in 36 (95%) patients, with successful control of variceal bleeding in 35 (92%). Thirty-one episodes of rebleeding occurred in 12 (31.6%) patients. Twenty-nine (93.5%) of these episodes could be controlled with repeated EEST, giving an overall success of 87%. The new approach of repeating sclerotherapy on every rebleeding episode up to a maximum of three course within 24 hours, use of a wide bore injector, and certain other technical innovations were found safe and effective. The mean (+/- SD) amount of alcohol injected per patient was 9.23 +/- 3.3 ml and the mean (+/- SD) number of injections needed per patient were 6.0 +/- 3.07. Complications were minor, transient, and similar to conventional sclerotherapy. There were three deaths, two due to massive rebleeding and one due to hepatic encephalopathy. It can be concluded that EEST is technically feasible during active variceal bleeding and is an effective and relatively safe procedure. It can serve as the first line treatment in this group of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Endoscopic sclerotherapy using absolute alcohol.

To assess the efficacy of absolute alcohol as a sclerosant, endoscopic sclerotherapy was carried out using a conventional endoscope and an indigenously designed injector. Forty three patients with portal hypertension who had presented with history of variceal bleeding were included in the study. Portal hypertension was caused by cirrhosis in 30 (69.8%), non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis in eight (18.6%) and extra-hepatic obstruction in five (11.8%). Acute bleeding was successfully controlled in all 11 patients, seven with a fresh bleed and four who rebled while on endoscopic sclerotherapy regimen. All patients with fresh, recent, or old bleeding were treated with a weekly endoscopic sclerotherapy schedule. Reduction in variceal size of two or more grades was achieved in all 20 patients who had completed at least four endoscopic sclerotherapy courses with total eradication of varices in 16 (80%). The mean (+/- SD) number of endoscopic sclerotherapy courses and time required for variceal eradication was 6.06 (+/- 1.87) and 9.1 (+/- 4.69) weeks respectively. None of these patients has shown appearance of fresh varices in a follow up of 18.47 +/- 8.50 weeks (range six to 38 weeks). Six patients died; all deaths were caused by progressive hepatic encephalopathy. Complications usually seen were dysphagia, retrosternal pain and fever; these were mild and easily tolerated by the patients. Rebleeding occurred in four patients who had received less than four endoscopic sclerotherapy courses. Absolute alcohol appears to be an effective, safe, economical, and freely available sclerosant. advocate endoscopic sclerotherapy as the first line of treatment for acute variceal bleeding and recommend a weekly schedule for the early eradication of varices.

Adolescent↗