The audiometric zero level of air conduction for 100 healthy youths was determined over a frequency range from 20 Hz to 10 KHz in 1971-1973 under the laboratory conditions. The results obtained have been further verified recently on a selected group of 12 persons. This paper also presents the transfer experiments from the original earphone TDH-39(MX-41/AR) to six other types of earphones. The deviation of our data thus obtained from the recommendation by ISO is discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fragile X syndrome (Martin-Bell syndrome) in China.

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China↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Insulin-like growth factors and prostate cancer.

Converging data from epidemiological and biological research implicate insulin-like growth factor (IGF) physiology in the regulation of prostate epithelial cell proliferation and in the pathophysiology of prostate cancer. This review (1) outlines elements of IGF physiology, (2) reviews recent evidence that circulating IGF-I level is related to risk of prostate cancer, (3) provides a hypothesis concerning the biological basis for the relationship between IGF-I level and risk of prostate cancer, (4) discusses IGF-I physiology in the context of neoplastic progression of prostate cancer, and (5) discusses clinical implications of these lines of research with respect to prevention and treatment.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Stimulation of tissue factor expression in human microvascular and macrovascular endothelial cells by cultured vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro.

The effect of conditioned media obtained from different smooth muscle cells (SMC) on tissue factor (TF) expression in endothelial cells (EC) in vitro was investigated. We could show that conditioned media from cultured human aortic SMC, human umbilical artery SMC or human umbilical vein SMC all resembling the synthetic phenotype of SMC induced TF activity in human umbilical vein EC and human skin microvascular EC in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. This induction was also seen at the level of specific TF mRNA as evidenced by Northern blotting. The TF inducing activity was heat-labile and acid-stable and had an approximate molecular mass of 38 kD. This activity was found to be distinct from known inducers of TF expression in EC such as interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, bacterial lipopolysaccharide or vascular endothelial growth factor. Such as factor, if released by SMC in vivo, could contribute to the activation of EC under conditions such as when EC are in close contact with SMC of the synthetic (nondifferentiated) phenotype seen in processes like vessel development or neo-intima formation.

Aorta↗