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Biomedical subjects

J Cañadell

Publications and source records attributed to J Cañadell.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The production of experimental scoliosis by selective arterial ablation.

Through a lateral thoracotomy, microcoagulation of the proximal segment of the intercostal artery and of its principal posterior collateral was carried out at four consecutive levels in rabbits. Subsequently, structural scoliosis developed in 67.5% of animals. Histological examination of the spinal cord in all animals showed that characteristic changes were found in the animals with scoliosis. It is suggested that these changes were ischaemic in origin and caused abnormal neuromuscular responses in the paravertebral muscles, resulting in scoliosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Experimental scoliosis by epiphysiodesis in pigs.

Using two-month-old pigs selective epiphysiodesis of the neurocentral cartilage was performed using cancellous screws inserted to achieve effective compression. The operation was performed on eight experimental animals, on the right side, involving four or five vertebrae at the mid thoracic level. The procedure consistently caused structural scoliosis, convex on the side of operation. The radiographic, macroscopic and microscopic findings in the experimental animals are described. In other animals so treated at ages when the neurocentral cartilage is not active rotational deformity did not occur.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Osteotomies in the treatment of gonarthrosis.

The indications to perform an osteotomy of the knee in cases of a degenerative osteoarthritis are reviewed. The pre-, intra- and postoperative management is explained and the results of a hundred valgus osteotomies are evaluated. Our conclusions are based on the numerous indications for an osteotomy and its satisfactory results.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Ethics and surgery].

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Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteosarcoma: correlation between radiological and histological changes after intra-arterial chemotherapy.

The statistical correlation between three different radiological methods (conventional radiography, computed tomography and angiography) and tumor necrosis (TN) of the resected specimen have been studied in a series of 31 patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma (OS). They were treated with a multidisciplinary approach including intraarterial and intravenous chemotherapy followed by limb salvage procedures, plus intraoperative radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. A clear statistical correlation has been obtained between TN and angiography (p = 0.02) and between TN and two specific radiological signs: 'tumoral stain and neovascularity' (p = 0.02) and 'peritumoral fat planes' (p = 0.05). Conventional radiography, computed tomography and other radiological signs studied (nutrient vessel, soft tissue mass and central peripheral calcifications) did not show any significant correlation with TN. These results seem to suggest that angiography is a method to evaluate TN preoperatively and also to define the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in OS.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Indications for epiphyseal preservation in metaphyseal malignant bone tumors of children: relationship between image methods and histological findings.

We compared several image methods in the evaluation of the possible physeal effect in 47 osteosarcomas and 18 Ewing's sarcomas in children. The minimal follow-up was 3 years (range, 3-17). In the histological study, the physis was affected in 53% of the cases. We correlated the histological findings and the findings from the different image methods. There were more false-positive than false-negative results, and in the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, there were no false negatives. The accuracy of MRI (predictive positive value plus predictive negative value) was the best (90.3%), and it is the technique that we prefer. According to these findings, we can safely preserve the epiphysis in cases of metaphyseal tumors showing no contact between the tumor and the growth plate in the MRI images. If the tumor shows contact with part of the physis, it is also possible to preserve the epiphysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Limb salvage for malignant bone tumors in young children.

From March 1984 to April 1991, the Orthopaedics Department of the Clínica Universitaria de Navarra treated 47 cases of malignant bone tumors in young children by limb-salvage surgery. Mean follow-up time was 4.4 years. The histologic diagnoses were osteosarcoma (33 cases) and Ewing's sarcoma (14 cases). All patients were treated following the Cancer Protocol of the Clínica Universitaria de Navarra. We used allograft reconstruction in 26 patients, autograft reconstruction in seven, and nonbiologic material in seven other patients. Thirty-six of these patients are alive currently; 11 have died. The overall survival rate was 76.6%. Three patients suffered local recurrences, and seven developed metastatic disease. The most significant complications were infection in four cases, and osteosynthesis anchorage detachment in eight cases. We believe that with recent medical, surgical, and rehabilitative advances, limb-salvage surgery has surpassed amputation as the primary treatment for malignant bone tumors in young children.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Knee resection prosthesis in tumor reconstructive surgery: comparative study between the use of cryopreserved bone allografts and non-biologic material].

From july 1983 to december 1990, 34 patients with aggressive or malignant bone tumors in the knee have been treated by radical resection and endoprosthesis replacement with or without allograft. The follow up was three years. We have a comparative study between allograft and plastic spacer. The functional character is better with endoprosthesis with non biologic material (75% excellent and good versus 66.6%). The complications were similar in both.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epiphyseal osteoid osteoma].

Three more cases of osteoid osteoma located in epiphysis are presented. All of them had special features, as a reactive synovitis due to the proximity of the lesion to the joint and the lower movility arch of these joints. The x-ray was essential for the diagnosis and definitive treatment was surgical resection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Synovectomy of the knee in rheumatoid arthritis].

Synovectomy of the knee results in a satisfactory degree of pain relief in rheumatoid arthritis. 52 synovectomies were performed in 40 patients. The mean length of follow-up was 7.8 years. We found satisfactory results in 88.4% of the cases and unsatisfactory results in 11.6%. We could see that this procedure is indicated in those cases that have a well preserved articular architecture, while if this is destroyed the result is poorer.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

["Internal lengthening" for the treatment of large segmental bone defects. An experimental study].

Ilizarov's idea of treating large segmental bone defects (LSBD) by transporting bone along the length of the defect is to us extremely interesting. However, the circular external distractor employed, unlike monolateral frames in cumbersome, transfixing and difficult for both placement and postoperative management. A research project has been carried out at our experimental surgery laboratory to assess the reliability of monolateral frames in the treatment of LSBD following Ilizarov' idea. For this experiment we selected five 6 to 12 month-old dogs, five 6 month-old lambs and five 12 month-old lambs, the latter being skeletally mature. All animals were male. The experiment consisted in an attempo of reconstructing a LSBD of 4-5 cm of the animal's femoral diaphysis by means of Ilizarov' method but using monolateral devices. The evaluation of the results was made by X-rays, muscle and bone histology and measurement of the specimens. On the basis of the results obtained it is concluded that treatment of LSBD by the Ilizarov method can be successfully accomplished by using monolateral external fixator-distractors. The advantages of the monolateral frames include a marked minimization of some the most outstanding drawbacks of Ilizarov's circular device, while keeping the advantages of his original concept.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The bone bank of the University Clinic in Navarra].

The Bone bank at the University Clinic is described along with its three units: Electrical freezer (-40 degrees). Liquid nitrogen freezer (-197 degrees). Temperature programmer descend. The first unit is used for the preservation of cancellous bone, for a limited lapse of time; the second unit is employed for preserving cortical grafts for an unlimited period. The third unit allows to control the temperature descend rate, in order to preserve the viability of chondrocytes in grafts including epiphyseal ends. Clinical applications of bone grafts are currently enlarging in areas such as tumour surgery, spine surgery and arthrodesis and reconstructive procedures of the hip joint.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Elongation of the lower extremities. Experience at the University Clinic of Navarre].

The objective of this paper is to explain how and why bone lengthening techniques developed in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology of the University Clinic of Navarra. We gave up on bone stimulation methods because they were unpredictable and almost not effective; also we abandoned the one-step lengthening methods because they are particularly prone to complications. Now we use almost always progressive lengthening methods among which we prefer bone lengthening by means of metaphyseal percutaneous osteotomy with delayed distraction. Indications for this late method include bone lengthening regardless the age, except for congenital shortening, and correction of angular deformities in mature patients. Physeal distraction would be indicated for bone lengthening in congenital shortening and correction of angular deformities always in immature patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glomus tumor.

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Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Statistical analysis of axial deformity during distraction osteogenesis of the tibia.

In this study, we documented the prevalence of coronal axis malalignment in a series of 93 tibias (from 54 patients) lengthened with monolateral fixation. The average length obtained by distraction osteogenesis was 8.9 cm (range, 3.5-15.6) or 38% of the original bone length (range, 11-78%). Fifty (54%) of 93 tibias had documented valgus angulation of > or = 10 degrees or had fixator manipulation during the lengthening process for undesirable or progressive angulation; no cases of varus angulation were noted. Thirteen (14%) segments had later corrective osteotomy for unsatisfactory valgus malalignment. Statistical analysis revealed two factors to have a significant effect on the rate of malalignment. Those cases that had tibial osteotomy below the proximal one third of the original tibial length and those cases in which the fixator was placed > 5 degrees out of parallel had higher rates of angulation or manipulation (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002). Although the percentage of original bone lengthened was not statistically significant (p = 0.083), it did have an important effect on rates of axial malalignment. From this study we conclude that relatively high rates of malalignment in the tibia during distraction osteogenesis with monolateral external fixation are predominately the result of more distal osteotomies and nonparallel fixator placement. Attention to these details in general, and particularly where long lengthenings are planned, may significantly reduce this common complication.

Adolescent↗