PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Carmichael

Publications and source records attributed to J Carmichael.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A phase II trial of goserelin (Zoladex) in relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer.

Thirty patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer were treated with the luteinising hormone releasing agonist, goserelin. There were two partial responses lasting 40 and 105 weeks respectively. In addition five patients had disease stabilisation lasting 25, 35, 40, 66 and 70 weeks respectively and 23 patients had progressive disease. No significant or unexpected toxicities occurred. This minimally toxic therapy halted disease progression for 6 months or more in 23% of patients, the majority of whom were heavily pretreated. There were five early deaths due to disease progression. The use of goserelin in patients with epithelial ovarian cancers resistant to or relapsing soon after first line platinum based chemotherapy needs to be further evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

High-dose tamoxifen as an enhancer of etoposide cytotoxicity. Clinical effects and in vitro assessment in p-glycoprotein expressing cell lines.

Twenty-six patients with relapsed or drug-resistant cancer were treated with a combination of oral etoposide (300 mg day-1 for 3 days) and high-dose oral tamoxifen as a potential modulator of drug resistance (480 or 720 mg day-1 for 6 days beginning 3 days before etoposide). One patient with relapsed high-grade lymphoma and one with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site has a partial response. Toxicity consisting of nausea, vomiting and subjective dizziness, unsteadiness of gait and malaise occurred during tamoxifen treatment. Serum levels of tamoxifen averaged 3-3.5 microM on day 4 of all courses of treatment at both 480 and 720 mg day-1. N-desmethyltamoxifen levels were lower than tamoxifen during the first course (2 microM) but increased to equal tamoxifen levels during the second course. Didesmethyltamoxifen levels remained below 1 microM. In vitro, both tamoxifen and the standard modulator of multidrug resistance, verapamil, produced minor enhancement of etoposide cytotoxicity in the MCF-7 wt cell line but produced no enhancement with any other cell line. High, intermittent doses of tamoxifen can be given with acceptable toxicity and produce serum levels that have been shown to modulate drug resistance in vitro. In vitro, however, such levels have no significant effect on etoposide cytotoxicity towards a range of wild-type and MDR cell lines.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of salbutamol given intravenously and by intermittent positive-pressure breathing in life-threatening asthma.

A double-blind crossover trial was carried out during 22 episodes of life-threatening asthma in 19 patients to compare salbutamol given as a 500 microgram intravenous injection and as a 0 . 5% solution administered by intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) for three minutes. Relief of pulsus paradoxus was significantly better after IPPB than the intravenous treatment. Both treatments significantly improved the peak expiratory flow rate. Salbutamol given intravenously produced a mean increase in heart rate of over 20 beats/min five minutes after treatment compared with the relief of tachycardia that occurred after administration by IPPB. Four patients had noticeable cardiovascular side effects after salbutamol given intravenously, but no such effects were noticed after administration by IPPB. Two patients withdrawn shortly after entry into the trial because of a worsening clinical condition had received intravenous salbutamol. It is concluded that salbutamol given by IPPB is better than that given by slow intravenous injection in severe acute asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

General practitioners and professional satisfaction.

One hundred and eighty-five general practitioners participated in a study regarding satisfaction from the doctor-patient relationship. Of these, 71% responded in writing to an open-ended item concerning personal satisfaction. Written responses were assigned to one or more of nine groupings formed by considering the content of general practice and conceptualising characteristics of the doctor-patient relationship. Four characteristics--activity, authority, objectivity and radionality (the clinical model) were assigned 299 written responses. Four characteristics--affinity, continuity, intimacy and reciprocity (the relational model) were assigned 287 responses. The paper discusses the two models, their respective characteristics and physician responses.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Beclomethasone dipropionate dry-powder inhalation compared with conventional aerosol in chronic asthma.

In a double-blind study beclomethasone dipropionate inhaled as a dry powder in doses of 100 microgram four times daily and 150 microgram four times daily was compared with the conventional aerosol dose of 100 microgram four times daily in 20 outpatients with chronic asthma. Each of the three treatments was given for four weeks. The dry powder in a dose of 150 microgram four times daily had advantages over the other two treatments in terms of FEV1 and the number of exacerbations of asthma during the study. There were no adverse reactions to inhaling dry-powder beclomethasone. It was concluded that this new way of administering the drug was effective in chronic asthma, and should allow most patients with chronic asthma who cannot use conventional pressurised aerosols efficiently to benefit from inhaled corticosteroid treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Research in human sexuality education.

Since human sexuality courses are relatively recent additions to most U.S. medical school curricula, there are no established procedures for evaluating the courses. The purpose of this study was to test medical students' attitudes toward concepts in sexuality before and after a 5-day sexuality course using the semantic differential. The concepts students rated were "my sexuality", "masturbation", "homosexuality", and "my role in understanding sexual problems". Post-test scores were subtracted from pre-test scores and analysed by multivariate analysis of variance testing for significant difference from zero. Ninety-six second-year medical students completed the pre- and post-semantic differential tests. The changes between the pre- and post-tests were significant at the 0-001 level for all four concepts with the concept "homosexuality" showing the greatest change. The study suggests the semantic differential may be an effective instrument in assessing attitude changes. It also suggests the teaching techniques used in human sexuality courses may be successfully applied to other areas of medical education.

Adult↗