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Biomedical subjects

J Case

Publications and source records attributed to J Case.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Beneficial effects from systematic dosage reduction of the diuretic, chlorthalidone: a randomized study within a clinical trial.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects on blood pressure and selected biochemical measures of reducing the dosage of chlorthalidone from 100 mg to 50 mg. Within the larger study (Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial), 140 Special Intervention hypertensive men, taking 100 mg of chlorthalidone daily, were randomly assigned to either a continuation of 100 mg or a dosage reduction to 50 mg daily. Men were followed monthly for 4 months. Measures were made of blood pressure, serum potassium, serum uric acid, serum glucose, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides. Blood pressure change from baseline to 4 months revealed a significantly higher diastolic blood pressure in the group continued on the 100 mg dose compared to the dose reduction group. However, analysis of covariance, which took into account baseline differences in blood pressure, resulted in a nonsignificant difference in follow-up blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) between groups. Serum potassium increased significantly in the dose reduction group, especially in those participants taking supplemental potassium chloride. The results of this study demonstrate that a reduced dose of 50 mg chlorthalidone over the 4-month period was as effective as the 100 mg dose in long-term, well-controlled hypertensive men. Careful study of other antihypertensive agents is warranted to determine the drug dose that is maximally effective for blood pressure lowering and that also minimized toxic and adverse effects.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1984

Evaluation of intravitreal 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, VP 16, doxorubicin, and thiotepa in primate eyes.

A single intravitreal dose of 750 micrograms 5 fluorouracil (5 FU) or 5 micrograms doxorubicin were nontoxic to primate eyes. A concentration of 250 micrograms/ml of 5 FU in the vitrectomy infusion fluid in combination with 8 micrograms/ml of thiotepa, with 40 micrograms/ml of VP16 (etoposide), or with either .04 or .02 microgram/ml of vincristine was also well tolerated by the primate eye. 5 micrograms/ml of doxorubicin in the vitrectomy infusion fluid did not cause apparent toxicity to the retina. Toxic effects were noted in eyes receiving 250 micrograms of 5 FU in combination with either .15 or .1 microgram/ml of vincristine.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Further examples of the Wulfsberg antigen.

4 Wu-positive donors were found in a total of 16,476 South Australians. Family studies showed Wu to be independent of the Lutheran and P blood group systems. Of six examples of anti-Wu detected in 4,200 blood donors by a Technicon AutoAnalyzer, only two were detectable manually.

Australia↗
PubMed1979

Behavioral and biochemical effects of chronic consumption of ethanol by hamsters.

Male Syrian Golden-Hamsters consumed about 90% of their fluid as an ethanol-water solution when given a choice between water and ethanol-water solutions. This resulted in a daily alcohol intake of about 11 g/kg. After 53 days of alcohol ingestion there was no evidence of tolerance to the soporific effects of parenterally administered ethanol and removal of the ethanol solutions failed to produce any signs of alcohol withdrawal. However, after cessation of ethanol ingestion, the acquisition of escape responding from footshock was impaired in the alcohol group as compared to a control group. Biochemical and ultrastructural analyses demonstrated that chronic ethanol ingestion hepatic glycogen and plasma triglycerides without altering either the hepatic or plasma concentrations of phospholipids, free cholesterol or cholesterol esters. These results demonstrate that the hamster has an unusual metabolic response to ethanol. These findings are contrasted to the biochemical and behavioral effects of the drug in other species.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1978

A linkage study of the loci for Huntington's disease and some common polymorphic markers.

The phenotypic frequencies of 24 polymorphic blood markers in a sample of patients with Huntington's disease (HD) have been compared with those in a sample of healthy Australian volunteers in an effort to detect any associations between HD and the markers concerned. The Rh factor, c, has a significantly lower frequency in the HD sample while ACP1c and Gm1,2 have a significantly higher frequency. The linkage relations of the HD locus have been analysed with respect to the various marker loci concerned. This analysis involved the development of methods to overcome the general lack of genetic data concerning the affected parent and the possibility that presently unaffected offspring may be asymptomatic carriers of the HD gene. The results suggest that close linkage between the HD locus and Fy, ADA, ACP1, Gc or Bg is highly unlikely. They also suggest a low probability of close linkage to ABO, Rh, Jk, Lu, AK1, PGM1 or C3. Positive linkage scores were obtained for P, Hp and Gm. The results are inconclusive for MNSs, K, Le, Se, GPT and Inv. The available data were uninformative for linkage between the HD locus and Co, 6-PGD or E1.

Australia↗
PubMed1977

Blastogenic transformation by lipopolysaccharide of blood leukocytes from immunized but not normal cattle.

Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide produced blastogenic transformation in whole-blood leukocytes from heifers that had been infected and immunized with Campylobacter fetus, but not in cells from control animals. This suggests that lipopolysaccharide dose not function as a B-cell mitogen in cattle and that its stimulation of cells from immunized animals occurred through another mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Albumin autoagglutinating phenomenon as a factor contributing to false positive reactions when typing with rapid slide-test reagents.

A case of albumin autoagglutination has illustrated the point that this phenomenon may be a further source of false positive reactions when typing with rapid slide-test reagents. As agglutination only occurred with the bovine albumin solution and slide-test reagents from a single manufacturer, it is evident that control tests must be performed not merely with a high protein solution duplicating the formulation of the slide-test reagent itself, but with one from the same commercial source as the reagent.

Drug Contamination↗
PubMed1976

The relation of birth rank and parental age to the phenotype distributions of 14 genetic systems in an Australian population sample.

The mean birth ranks and parental ages at birth of persons of known phenotype were determined for a sample of 421 Australian residents characterized with respect to 14 genetic systems. Sex was found to influence birth rank but no variation with parity among 38 sets of phenotypes or factors was found. Differences were observed among the maternal ages of subjects possessing MM, MN and NN phenotypes and M+ and M- factors. Persons of type PGM1 1, 2-1 and 2 possessed significantly different paternal ages; this was associated with a positive linear regression of paternal age on the PGM1-1 gene dosage. The relevance of this type of study to investigations of disorders occurring at advanced parental age is pointed out.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1975

Distributions, sex and age effects, and joint associations between phenotypes of 14 genetic systems in an Australian population sample.

The distribution of phenotypes of 14 polymorphic systems in a Melbourne sample have been determined. Some differences between males and females were found and the proportion of males of each PGM phenotype was shown to depend on the gene dosage in a linear manner. Among the more prominent effects of age noted, the median age of P1+ females was higher than for P1--females and this finding was associated with a positive linear regression of the proportion of P1+ women on age. No age effect was observed in males in this system. Some evidence for associations between phenotypes were found in 9 pairs of polymorphic systems.

Acid Phosphatase↗