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Biomedical subjects

J Castellano

Publications and source records attributed to J Castellano.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Fibrino-necrotic typhlitis caused by Escherichia fergusonii in ostriches (Struthio camelus).

Two adult ostriches developed anorexia, prostration, and severe hemorrhagic diarrhea, dying 24 hr after the onset of clinical signs. On postmortem examination, the cecal mucosa showed locally extensive areas of hemorrhages and fibrino-necrotic typhlitis with a white-yellowish material covering the mucosal surface. Multiple serosal petequial hemorrhages and fibrinous peritonitis were present. Histologic examination revealed an intense mononuclear infiltration in the lamina propria and submucosa of the cecum and extensive superficial necrosis associated with fibrin and serocellular deposits. Several gram-negative bacterial colonies were observed within the necrotic areas. Samples from intestinal lesions were collected, and pure growth of Escherichia fergusonii was obtained. Escherichia fergusonii is a member of Enterobacteriaceae, closely related to Escherichia coli and Shigella sp., established as a new species of the genus Escherichia in 1985. In veterinary medicine, E. fergusonii has been reported in calves and sheep from dinical cases suggestive of salmonellosis. To our knowledge, this report represents the first description of E. fergusonii associated with enteritis in ostrich.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Modeling flavor release using inverse gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Inverse gas chromatography (IGC)-mass spectrometry was used to determine the extent of flavor release from a food matrix as a function of moisture uptake. At the surface of a solid, components with higher binding affinities can exchange with and replace components with lower binding affinities. As a low moisture baked product absorbs moisture from the air, flavor is lost from the matrix as water molecules exchange with the flavor molecules. The amount of flavor lost over time can be modeled using this approach to determine the onset of flavor release and total amount of flavor release as well as the identity of the released components and their relative order of exclusion from the matrix.

Flavoring Agents↗
PubMed1995

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a trauma patient.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare complication of antipsychotic medications. This paper describes the case of a trauma patient who received haloperidol and droperidol for severe agitation, developed neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and was treated successfully with dantrolene sodium, and also provides a review of the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Comparative efficacy of cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine, and mylanta in postoperative stress ulcers. Gastric pH control and ulcer prevention in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

To determine the comparative efficacy of several histamine (H2)-receptor antagonists (cimetidine, famotidine, and ranitidine) and the antacid Mylanta-II (Stuart Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE) in gastric pH control and the prevention of postoperative stress ulceration, a prospective, randomized study was performed in a homogeneous population of patients with elective coronary artery bypass. None of the 57 patients in the study population had a documented history of ulcer disease. There were four treatment groups, each with similar demographics (age and sex). Cimetidine-treated group consisted of 15, famotidine-treated group of 18, ranitidine-treated group of 19, and antacid-treated group of 5 patients. There was no hemodynamically significant postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding in any of the patients. When the agents were compared for efficacy of gastric pH control, statistically better pH control was found in the famotidine- and ranitidine-treated groups (P less than 0.003) than in the cimetidine-treated group (pH less than or equal to 4.0) during the 20-hour observation period. Side effects (hematologic and neurological) were noted only in the cimetidine-treated group. The results of this study indicate that in patients in postoperative intensive care, better gastric pH control, and thus prevention of gastric stress ulcers, is achieved with either famotidine or ranitidine rather than cimetidine or antacid.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Pocket computer for real-time ultrasound.

Real-time ultrasound has proved to be of value in fetal age determination, but calculation and interpretation of multiple parameters is time consuming and tedious. We present a program for use with the TRS 80 PC-2 or Sharp 1500 pocket computer and printer to provide rapid results of obstetric ultrasound studies. We also present a sample report. Using the pocket computer, we can have a complete, printed report before the patient leaves the testing area. The program has served us well, though it could be shortened, updated, and improved. The total cost of the computer, an additional 8K random access memory, and the printer is approximately $300. The cost of printer paper and pens is nominal. We believe the system has paid for itself many times over in time saved.

Computers↗
PubMed1983

Peptide utilization by nitrogen-starved Neurospora crassa.

Peptides ranging in size from a mean number of 30 residues down to dipeptides supported growth of a leucine auxotroph when used as both a nitrogen and leucine source. Under nitrogen-limiting conditions, the peptides induced extracellular peptidohydrolytic activity, hydrolyzing peptides to monomer amino acids. Growth of a leu-2 mutant of Neurospora crassa on those peptides transportable by the oligopeptide transport system did not result in induction of hydrolytic activity, whereas growth of a leu-2; gltR mutant on these same peptides resulted in induction of peptidohydrolytic activity. The induced extracellular proteolytic activity was shown to be analogous to that inducible by growth on proteins, e.g., bovine serum albumin.

Leucine↗