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Biomedical subjects

J Castillo

Publications and source records attributed to J Castillo.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Resistance to apramycin in two enterobacterial clinical isolates: detection of a 3-N-acetyltransferase IV.

Considering the possible role of farm animals in the contamination of human consumers by plasmid-mediated apramycin-resistant enterobacteria strains, this type of resistance should be tested more systematically in human isolates. Very recently we isolated in Zaragoza one apramycin-resistant Escheria coli strain obtained from the blood of a hospitalized patient; this clinical isolate produced a plasmid-mediated 3-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase IV. We describe also the isolation in Madrid of one multiresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strain. This isolate harbored a single plasmid and carried determinants for apramycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, hygromycin B, streptomycin, and ampicillin, which could be transferred en bloc to E. coli K-12 J62. Extracts from donor and transconjugant strains carrying pUZ6776 plasmid produce acetyltransferase activity AAC(3)-IV and double phosphotransferase activity (HPH and APH(3'')).

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1990

[Hormonal profile and changes in platelet aggregation in menstrual migraine].

We evaluated the hormonal profile and the platelet function in a group of 20 patients with menstrual migraine and a control group of 10 healthy women. Plasma levels of estradiol, progesterone, FSH and LH, as well as betathromboglobulin, platelet factor 4 and platelet serotonin were measured in different phases of the menstrual cycle. The hormonal profile did not show significant differences between both groups. The patients with menstrual migraine had higher BTG, FP4 and serotonin levels in the premenstrual phase than the control group. The results of this study show that in premenstrual migraine a platelet hyperagregation develops during the premenstrual phase. This abnormality is not directly correlated with the hormonal fluctuations observed during the menstrual cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Gonadotropins and prolactin serum levels during the perimenopausal period: correlation with diverse factors.

We studied 490 women aged 35 to 55 years randomly selected from the urban population of León, México. The mean age for the onset of menopause, calculated with a probit regression was 48.5 years. The median of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) increased with the rate of menopause women, but the 10th percentile for both hormones did not increase above 15 IU/L in older groups. Meanwhile, prolactin did not change. In menopause women FSH correlated positively with cigarette smoking, and negatively with body mass index. Luteinizing hormone had negative correlation with the number of pregnancies. Most symptoms studied were not associated with menopause or gonadotropins levels, except hot flushes, and the empty nest syndrome. It was concluded that during menopause, FSH increases with the smoking habit, and decreases with overweight.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Platelet function in tension headache].

The possibility of abnormal platelet function in patients with tension headache was evaluated with serial plasmatic measurements of serotonin, beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4. In 40 patients with tension headache we found increased serotonin, thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 levels during the painful phases as compared with the asymptomatic phases. These data might indicate that an increased platelet aggregation plays some role in the pathogenesis of tension headache.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Double-outlet right ventricle with mitral atresia. Study of 9 cases].

Double-outlet right ventricle with mitral atresia is an uncommon anomaly with a few cases reported in the literature. We present 9 cases of this malformation that have been diagnosed by two-dimensional echocardiography (7 cases), cardiac catheterization (9 cases) and anatomical study (2 cases). We classify them into two groups according to whether or not they have associated pulmonary stenosis. The dominant symptoms were cyanosis and hypoxemia in the first group and cardiac insufficiency signs in the other. The left ventricle was hypoplastic in eight and normal in the one with tricuspid overriding. Six of the cases had ventricular septal defect. The great arteries were in normal relationship in 4 cases, with D-malposition in 3 cases and side-by-side in 2 cases. Rashkind atrial septotomy was performed in 5 patients, but was effective only in two. Palliative surgical treatment was performed on six of them. The actual survival rate is 44%.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1989

[Meta-analysis of the prevalence of peptic ulcer in relation to tobacco consumption].

The reported studies of the association between smoking and the incidence of peptic ulcer have had nonconclusive results. Therefore, we have carried out a quantitative review including and evaluating all the factors related to that association. To this end, the techniques of meta-analysis suggested by Rosenthal have been used, and it has been found that the type of study design acted as a moderating variable. A correlation of 0.22 was found for studies with a case-control design, and 0.07 for studies with a sampling survey design. The small power of this association can be attributed to the great variety of factors which, in addition to smoking, may play a role in the etiology and pathogenesis of peptic ulcer.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1989

The susceptibility to amoxycillin/clavulanate of Enterobacteriaceae with plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance: a twelve-year study of strains in one Spanish hospital.

We studied the antibacterial activity of amoxycillin, clavulanic acid and the combination, against 1210 clinical isolates with plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance, isolated at the Zaragoza Clinical University Hospital during 12 years. MICs were determined by an agar dilution technique with an inoculum of 10(4) cfu per spot. MIC50 values of amoxycillin/clavulanate ranged from 8 to 16 mg/l. The antibacterial activity of amoxycillin/clavulanate did not show any statistically significant variation during the 12-year period.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnostic and therapeutic laparoscopy in gynecology: analysis of the first 100 cases in the Hospital Parroquial de San Bernardo].

The first hundred laparoscopies carried out in the "Hospital Parroquial de San Bernardo", between november 1986 and june 1988; were evaluated. The indications for the procedure were: 38% study of infertility, in which a 78% of tubal obstruction or adherencial syndrome was demonstrated; 37% because of ectopic pregnancy, with a diagnostic correlation of 48.6%. The remainder cases were adnexal masses or pelvic pain study. A 42% of the patients had previous pelvic or abdominal surgery. As complications there were two "pre-pneumoperitoneaum", one pelvic inflammatory process and one anesthetic accident, hospitalization time and costs, justifies completely the acquisition of the necessary equipment and technical ability.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Cutaneous metastasis in gastric cancer].

We report 3 patients operated on for gastric cancer who developed skin metastasis proven by biopsy. Within a year of this complication 2 patients had died, confirming the bad prognosis associated to this finding. No estimates of the frequency of this complication are available in Chile.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Magnetic resonance in the evaluation of neurologic complications of cervical spondylosis].

The evaluation of the neurological complications of cervical spondylosis frequently requires contrast myelography. Magnetic resonance (MR) scan would appear as a good alternative approach. We report the MR findings in 12 patients with symptoms and/or signs of spinal cord and radicular disease associated with cervical spondylosis, and we compare them with the conventional studies, including CT and CT assisted myelography. The MR image, weighted in T1, permitted to visualize the compressed spinal cord in the sagittal planes in 4 cases, with enhanced spinal cord signal in 2 of them. In a patient with herniated C5-C6 disk, the sagittal sections directly demonstrated the herniated material in the spinal canal, displacing and compressing the spinal cord. The sequences weighted in T2 demonstrated the degree of stenosis of the cervical canal caused by extradural compression. In these images, the diminished signal of the nucleus pulposus was correlated with degeneration of intervertebral disks. MR was more sensitive than the other studies to detect discal degeneration and herniation, stenosis of the spinal canal, compression of the subarachnoidal space and spinal cord injury.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Ankylosing spondylitis in the Mexican mestizo: patterns of disease according to age at onset.

We studied 87 Mexican mestizo patients (82 men and 5 women) with definite ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with particular reference to juvenile and adult onset types. HLA-B27 was present in 32 of 38. Forty-seven patients (54.0%) had onset before the age of 16 years and 40 (46.0%) thereafter. By the end of the 1st year of disease, main features included spinal involvement in 44 (50.6%), peripheral arthropathy in 57 (65.5%) and enthesopathy in 41 (47.1%). Frequency of these increased up to 100.0, 79.3 and 64.4%, respectively, through the course of the disease. Peripheral arthritis and/or enthesopathy occurred in 89.4 and 63.1% of juveniles and 37.5 and 27.5% of adults, respectively, while lumbar pain and/or stiffness occurred in 23.4% of the former and 82.5% of the latter during the first year of disease. Additional findings were high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anemia and hypergammaglobulinemia. Uveitis was the commonest extraarticular manifestation occurring in 20.6%. Our data suggest that the clinical pattern of AS in our patients was influenced by both age at onset and sex distribution of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Primary mediastinal germ cell tumors. Histologic patterns of treatment failures at autopsy.

Twenty-five patients presented with primary mediastinal germ cell tumors at Roswell Park Memorial Institute between 1959 and 1984. All patients were treated by surgery and chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy. Four patients are still alive, and 21 patients died of mediastinal germ cell tumor and its sequelae. Two patients were found to have testicular scars and were dropped from the study. Nongerm cell malignant transformation of a teratoma occurred in five of the remaining 17 patients (29%), resulting in three adenocarcinomas and two sarcomas. Another patient developed leukemia. Metastatic disease most commonly involved the lungs, mediastinal lymph nodes, liver, bone, retroperitoneum, and heart. Respiratory failure was the cause of death in 12 patients. Of the possible mechanisms of germ cell transformation into malignant nongerm cell tumors discussed, this study suggests that chemotherapy alone is unlikely to induce stem cell differentiation. The presence of mature, differentiated teratoma within the primary lesion may be indicative of a poorer prognosis.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1988

Eosinophilic cystitis: a therapeutic challenge.

Eosinophilic cystitis is a rare disease with only 42 cases reported since first described in 1960. We report a case in a twenty-four-year-old woman and present the different therapeutic alternatives. A review of all reported cases shows that except for children and male adults with benign prostatic hypertrophy, this is a chronic inflammatory process of unknown causation for which no specific therapy is available.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Comparative activity of cefotetan against plasmid-encoded aminoglycoside-resistant enterobacteria strains.

304 strains of R-plasmid harbouring enterobacteria resistant to aminoglycosides were studied for their susceptibilities to a range of antibiotics, including cefotetan. Cefotetan and latamoxef were the most active of the four cephamycins tested and all were stable to the beta-lactamases produced by these strains. No new beta-lactamases (SHV-2, CTX-1, TEM-4, CAZ-1) were found in these strains capable of hydrolysing third generation cephalosporins. The activity of cefotetan against these multi-resistant, beta-lactamase producing strains may be of clinical value.

Aminoglycosides↗