PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Castillo

Publications and source records attributed to J Castillo.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Thrombosis of intrathoracic veins. A complication of venous catheterization for temporary hemodialysis].

Venous thrombosis of large vessels is a common complication, generally asymptomatic, that may occur during central venous catheterization for temporal hemodialysis. We report 2 cases of intrathoracic venous thrombosis which were suspected because of the difficulties occurring during catheterization of a new venous approach during dialysis. Both cases were diagnosed by angiography.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Risk factors of the complications of diabetes mellitus].

A total of 1,030 diabetic patients were studied in order to identify factors associated with various complications. A higher proportion of women was found (64.1%). Using regression analysis of prevalence versus the logarithm of the duration of diabetes, a half-life of 5.14 years was calculated. In the study of complications, peripheral neuropathy, amputations, renal impairment, albuminuria, myocardial infarction, cataract and amaurosis were strongly associated with duration of diabetes rather than with the age of the patient or the age at diagnosis; in contrast, blood pressure and impotence correlated better with the age of the patient. A discriminant function analysis permitted to identify several factors as predictors of diverse complication mainly: the duration of the disease, and previous use of insulin (negative correlation). Other predictors were glycemia, alcoholism, smoking habit and intake of legumes (beans). Albuminuria was assessed with a radioimmunoassay procedure and found to be associated with: duration of diabetes, urinary tract infection, systolic blood pressure and amaurosis. Some alimentary habits were also included as predictors of complications.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adenine nucleotides in migraine].

Several studies have shown that migraine is associated with an abnormal platelet activation state, characterized by increased plasma levels of platelet BTG and PF4 proteins. Adenine nucleotides are contained in platelets as a part of the dense granules released during platelet activation. In the present study we evaluated the plasma levels of the adenine nucleotides AMP, ADP and ATP during asymptomatic and painful episodes in a group of 50 patients with migraine (common and classical) and a control group. During the painful phases we found a significant reduction in AMP plasma levels, and we did not find significant differences between the control group and the migraine patients in ADP and ATP levels, nor between asymptomatic and painful phases. Our results support the hypothesis that in migraine a hyposecretion of platelet dense granules is present.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypnotic doses of midazolam administered by continuous perfusion. Analysis of predictive factors].

The hypnotic dose of midazolam administered in continuous perfusion was investigated in 76 patients undergoing programmed traumatologic or orthopedic surgery. In all cases an infusion of midazolam at a rate of mg-1 kg-1 h-1 was administered until patients closed eyes but opened them under auditive stimuli (hypnotic dose of midazolam). This dose was 5.25 +/- 2.78 mg (0.08 +/- 0.04 mg/kg) and showed a statistically significant correlation with age (r = 0.43, p = 0.002) and weight (r = 0.3, p = 0.02). There was no significant correlation with sex, ASA class, premedication, plasma proteins, and plasma albumin. Interindividual variability, especially in young patients, was high.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tremor and epidural anesthesia].

To evaluate the influence of temperature of the injected anesthetic solution on the development of tremor during epidural anesthesia, 66 patients divided in three homogeneous groups were evaluated: group I (n = 22; bupivacaine 4 degrees C), group II (n = 24; bupivacaine 20 degrees C), and group III (n = 24; bupivacaine 37 degrees C). The incidence of tremor was 20% (4 patients) in group I, 9% (2 patients) in group II and 12.5% (3 patients) in group III. No significant differences were found between the groups. The overall incidence was 13.6%. The epidural injection of 5 ml of saline at 37 degrees C achieved the attenuation and/or disappearance of tremor in three (3/4) group I patients (4 degrees C) and in one (1/3) group III patient (37 degrees C), whereas it was ineffective in one patient from group I and one from group III. In the two patients from group II (20 degrees C) and in one from group III (37 degrees C), tremor was self-limited. We conclude that the incidence of tremor during epidural anesthesia is not correlated with the temperature of anesthetic solutions, and that the epidural injection of saline at 37 degrees C may give some therapeutic benefit.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of intravenous anesthetic premedication using diazepam and fentanyl on the arterial oxygen saturation. A pulse-oximetric study].

The effects of anesthetic premedication with diazepam and phentanyl on the arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) were monitored with a pulsioximeter (BIOX 3700, Ohmeda) in 83 patients scheduled for traumatologic and orthopedic surgery who had baseline SpO2 higher than 95%. Premedication was carried out with phentanyl (0.1 mg) and diazepam (2.5 mg increments) until a somnolence state (eye closure), reversible with verbal stimuli, was achieved. The patients were breathing room air during the study. Premedication induced a significant reduction of SpO2 (p less than 0.001) from baseline values of 96.6 +/- 1.2% to 92.7 +/- 2.9% after sedation and to minimal values of 85.9 +/- 6.1%. In 60 patients (72.3%), minimal SpO2 was lower than 90%, and it was lower than 85% in 32 (38.8%). However, 34 of them (73.3%) recovered a SpO2 higher than 90% with verbal respiratory stimuli, but 16 (26.7%) only did so with oxygen administration. Cyanosis was not detected in any case. Minimal saturation was significantly correlated with baseline SpO2, age and smoking habit. Pulsioximetric monitoring or, if not available, routine oxygen administration, are recommended in patients undergoing pharmacological sedation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The inhibitory effect of ketotifen on in vitro histamine release in allergic patients.

Since the discovery of ketotifen as a protective drug of hypersensitivity reactions against an antigen, there have been numerous works that have demonstrated this action both in food and inhalant allergies. In this work we studied the inhibitory capacity of this substance in vitro on the membrane of the basophils of individuals sensitized with positive histamine release test in whole blood against the allergen in question. This was compared with the effect obtained with other drugs (ASA, betamethasone, clemastine, DSCG, oxatomide). Forty-five patients were studied: 30 pollen allergies and 15 with house dust allergy. The results obtained showed the clear action of ketotifen as an inhibitor of histamine released on stimulated basophils with any of the antigens studied. The rest of the substances tested did not demonstrate any significant changes on the histamine released.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nitroglycerin spray in the prevention of hypertension induced by electroconvulsive therapy].

The aim of this study was to determine if 0.4 mg of nitroglycerin (NTGs) administered by sublingual route in spray before the electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), attenuated the associated hypertensive response. In 21 patients who were between 17 and 77 years old, 81 sessions of ECT were performed. NTGs was administered in 38 sessions. The rest 43 sessions was considered control group. In the control group ECT caused a significant increase of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p less than 0.05) when compared with basal values. In NTGs group the increase of SBP and DBP was not significant when compared with basal values. Those changes were mainly observed in patients over 45 years old. In conclusion, 0.4 mg of NTGs significantly attenuate the hypertensive response that is caused by ECT in patients over 45 years old.

Administration, Sublingual↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Variations in the internal pressure of the pneumatic cuffs of endotracheal tubes according to their contents and the anesthetic mixtures used. Experimental study].

With the purpose of measuring pressure changes in the pneumatic cuffs of endotracheal tubes when the composition of the mixture of gases used for ventilation had to change for the same content, we designed a model of artificial respiration that consisted of a tube with a low pressure pneumatic cuff measuring 8.5 mm in inner diameter introduced in a replica of a human trachea, adjusted to two anesthetic bags. The cuff valve was connected to a pressure transducer by a three-ended stopcock and, after aspiration of its content, it was inflated with air, saline or nitrous oxide and oxygen at 60% up to a basal pressure of 20 mmHg. The tube was connected to a respirator adjusted to inflate 10 l/min at a rate of 15 insufflations/min of: oxygen 100% for 5 minutes, then nitrous oxide and oxygen at 60% for 30 minutes and oxygen 100% again for 15 minutes. When inflating the pneumatic cuff with air and ventilating with nitrous oxide and oxygen at 60%, its pressure reached a maximum mean value of 58 mmHg (190% with respect to base values). When insufflating with saline and ventilating in the same conditions, pressure reached a maximum mean value of 33 mmHg (65% with respect to base values). When the pneumatic cuff was inflated with nitrous oxide and oxygen at 60%, important changes in pressure were observed when the characteristics of the inspired gases were modified. We conclude that some method for monitoring pneumatic cuff pressure should be systematized.

Anesthesia, Endotracheal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cervicodorsal diastematomyelia in an adult].

A 44-year-old male had paraparesis which had began at age 20 years; a cleft spinal cord (diastematomyelia) was discovered at cervicodorsal level. The patient had nevus and hypertrichosis in the skin overlying the dysraphic spinal cord malformation. Both computer-assisted myelography and magnetic resonance scan showed the spinal cord segmentation and other associated disorders: bone spicula projecting between the 2 cordal halves, vertebral fusion defect and syringomyelic cavity. We emphasize the rarity of this abnormality in a so high spinal cord level and the onset of symptoms at adult age.

Adult↗