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Biomedical subjects

J Castle

Publications and source records attributed to J Castle.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Infant nutrition: implication for somatic growth, adult onset diseases, and oral health.

The gold standard for assessing the adequacy of nutrient intake in pediatrics is that diet which promotes optimal growth and development. Thus, it is crucial that our methods for measuring these outcomes be valid, reliable, and widely accepted. A review of the recent medical literature in the field of clinical nutrition indicates that both growth data and dietary standards continue to evolve as more data accrue concerning their applicability in both health and disease. In addition, oral nutrition is clearly a determinant of perhaps the most prevalent infectious disease in pediatrics: dental caries. Research in this field stresses the importance of oral fluoride intake in the prevention of caries, as well as the fact that current efforts at reducing milk-bottle tooth decay are inadequate.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Active cytomegalovirus particles in the eyes of an AIDS patient being treated with 9-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethoxymethyl] guanine (Ganciclovir).

The eyes of an AIDS patient with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and pneumonitis who died while receiving maintenance therapy with the antiviral agent 9-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethoxymethyl] guanine (Ganciclovir) were obtained for pathological examination. While under treatment the patient had significant improvement but not complete regression of retinitis. Electron microscopic and immunofluorescent techniques revealed cytomegalovirus particles in the retina, sclera, iris, and ciliary body. These findings are consistent with a virostatic type of inhibition of CMV by this agent. They also suggest that CMV involvement in the eye and other organs may be more widespread than is clinically apparent in AIDS patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1982

Calcifications of cerebral medullary veins associated with carotid-jugular fistula.

Unusual calcification of the cerebral medullary veins is noted in a 34-year-old mentally retarded female who had a right carotid-jugular anastomosis 30 years earlier. The patient was hospitalized because of a right neck mass, proptosis, and the recent onset of left flaccid hemiplegia. Arch aortography and CT of the head and neck were performed. Surgery to oblate the fistula provided dramatic relief of venous engorgement in the orbits and face. The finding of medullary vein calcification is emphasized because it is a hitherto unreported entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Extrathyroidal conversion of thyroxine to 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse-T3) and to 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) in humans.

In order to estimate the relative magnitude of the two alternative pathways of monodeiodination of thyroxine (T4) in adult humans, the metabolic clearance rates (MCR) and production rates (PR) of 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse-T3,rT3) and of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) were determined in six euthyroid control subjects (C) and in five hypothyroid patients (H) receiving L-T4 as replacement therapy (0.15-0.3 mg/day). MCR was computed by a non-compartmental method of analysis from the plasma disappearance of 125I rT3 and 131I T3 during 72 h following simultaneous injection of tracers. PR was calculated from MCR and the serum concentration of rT3 and T3, respectively, determined by radioimmunoassay. In the H subjects, rT3 MCR averaged 97.1 +/- 12.8 (SD) 1/day and rT3 PR, 34.3 +/- 12.8 microng/day; T3 MCR was 28.7 +/- 6.1 1/day and T3 PR, 20.3 +/- 6.6 microng/day (all corrected to 70 kg body weight). These results were not significantly different from those in the control group; rT3 MCR 104 +/- 24 1/day, rT3 PR 33.0 +/- 9.2 microng/day; T3 MCR 24.0 +/- 5.9, T3 PR 24.2 +/- 4.1. The proportionof total triiodothyronine (rT3 averaged 62% in H patients and was similar (57%) in the C group. The results obtained in the H subjects indicate that the production of rT3 is a major route of T4 metabolism, equal to or exceeding that of T3. From the close agreement between the mean values for rT3 PR in the C and H groups it is concluded that most, if not all of the rT3 produced in normal humans is derived by extrathyroidal conversion from T4.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome and polydactyly.

Lawrence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (LMBBS) is a rare disorder that presents most commonly with five cardinal features including polydactyly. A review of LMBBS and a case report is presented. The practitioner should be aware that polydactyly may be one manifestation of a genetic syndrome.

Adult↗