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Biomedical subjects

J Cerdá

Publications and source records attributed to J Cerdá.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Paediatric trauma in Spain: a report from the HUGM Trauma Registry.

OBJECTIVES: To analyse the characteristics of the infant population suffering trauma in our setting. To evaluate the importance of the different aetiological mechanisms. To study the pre- and intra-hospital management of these children. To describe the relative significance of the different lesions. To establish the magnitude of paediatric trauma as a social problem in terms of morbidity and mortality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From January 1995 to April 2002, a total of 2633 children admitted to our Centre (Hospital Universitario Gregorio Maranon) after suffering some type of injury were included in our Trauma Register. 108 variables have been analysed, including the identification of the patient, type, site and mechanism of the accident, pre-hospital care, transport, complete evaluation on admission, indices of injury severity, diagnostic tests, lesions, treatments performed and morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: The accidents were more frequent in boys than in girls (68.5 % versus 31.5 %). The predominant age group was the 12 - 15 year old group (36.8 %). There was a higher frequency of accidents in the street (37.2 %) than at home (19.4 %) or at school (13.8 %). The most frequent mechanism was a fall (35.6 %), followed by road traffic accidents (23.7 %). On admission, 14.7 % of the children had a Paediatric Trauma Score (P.T.S.) < or = 8 (n = 388). 3.8 % were considered severe multiple trauma patients, presenting an Injury Severity Score (I.S.S.) > or = 15 (n = 101). 4.2 % of the children required intensive care. The most frequent lesions were those of the locomotor system (58.1 %) and head injuries (34.9 %). Some type of surgical or orthopaedic procedure was performed under general anaesthesia in 1522 patients (57.8 %). The mean length of stay was 4.4 days (range 1 - 214 days). Sequelae of some form were detected in 36.4 % of the patients over 3 years of age. The total mortality was 0.5 % (n = 13), being 12.8 % in the group of patients with an I.S.S. > or = 15. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of the data in our Registry has helped us to define the characteristics of the paediatric trauma population in our setting, to monitor the management of trauma in the different care levels and to develop prevention programmes. It has also enabled us to compare the results with those of other centres in terms of morbidity and mortality with the aim of identifying and correcting any possible deficiencies in the care system.

Accidents↗
PubMed2005

[Role of peritoneal drainage in very low birth weight with enterocolitis].

UNLABELLED: Peritoneal drainage (PD) has been proposed as a temporizing procedure for perforated necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in very low birth weight neonates. This operation was designed for patients considered too unstable to undergo laparotomy (LAP). Since the introduction of PD some investigators have suggested that it may serve as a definitive therapy. The aim of our study is to determine the efficacy of PD for the stabilization of patients with complicated NEC and its utility as a definitive surgical treatment. METHODS: We review the clinical records from all the patients treated in our unit because of NEC that required surgical therapy. We analyze the mean blood pressure, cardiac and respiratory rate, inspired oxygen concentration, mean airway pressure, diuresis, and arterial blood gases measured 6 and 12 hours after the initial surgical treatment. We divide patients in two different groups according to the initial surgical procedure, peritoneal drainage (PD) or laparotomy group (LAP). Data is shown as media +/- standard deviation, statistical analyses were performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures and Mann-Withney test. RESULTS: From January 1997 to January 2001 we treated 13 patients with necrotizing enterocolitis that required surgical treatment. Among this group 6 patients were managed initially with PD and 7 with LAP. The gestational age media was 29.07 +/- 3.81 weeks and the birth weight mean 1199.76 +/- 521 gr., without any significant differences between the two groups DP and LAP. All patients improved haemodynamically and respiratory 6 and 12 hours after the surgical treatment. Nevertheless, the mean blood pressure improved even more in the DP group (p<0.005). The DP group showed an improvement in all parameters 6 hours after the drainage was placed, but this effect wasn't maintained for the next 12 hours onwards. From the 12 hours after PD all patients suffered a steady worsening that required further surgical procedures. The overall mortality was 3 patients (23%), without differences between the two groups. The surgical techniques performed (bowel resection, diversion) were similar for both groups. DISCUSSION: DP allows the stabilization for very critically ill patients with complicated NEC. However, this stabilization is temporary. This improvement lasts for a few hours providing a better status for the definitive surgical treatment for the perforated NEC. In our experience DP could not be considered as a definitive surgical treatment.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2005

[Spinal cord and vertebral column injuries in children].

AIMS: Analysis of main factors of spinal cord and vertebral column injuries in our environment. METHODS: We reviewed the data collected from the patients (n = 2640) admitted to our hospital because of trauma and included in our Registry from January 1995 to April 2002. Among this group, 86 patients (3.3%) had spinal cord and vertebral column injuries and were included in the study. RESULTS: Group gender distribution was 45 males and 41 females. In our group, 71 patients suffered vertebral fractures, 3 of them with spinal cord injuries (4.2%), 13 patients with vertebral subluxation, 11 of them between C1-C2, and 2 patients with spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality. Only 71 patients, 4.9% of the total of the patients who were admitted with any type of fracture (n=1457), suffered vertebral fractures. These patients suffered 130 vertebral fractures, 35 of them (49.3%) suffered multiple fractures. Thoracic vertebrae were the most frequently affected (n=82, 63%). The most frequent localization was T4 toT8 (n=50, 38.5% and T11 to L2 (n=41, 31.5%). Age ranged between 12 and 15 years (n=35, 49.3%), with only 5 patients under 6 years. 90.9% of the patients with lumbar fractures were older than 8 years and 76.9% of the patients with cervical fractures were over 8 years. Motor vehicle accident was the most common cause in our series (n=20, 23.3%). 81% of these patients did not use safety belt. Ten children with cervical injuries were seen by medical staff at the prehospital stage, and only 4 of them arrived to Hospital with cervical collar. There were thirty five patients with thoracic or lumbar injuries but only 27 of them were transferred to our Institution by ambulance. Surgery was required in 2 patients, both of them with unstable fractures. Mean hospital stay was 17,1 days (range 2-37 days). CONCLUSIONS: Group gender distribution is similar between males and females and the incidence in our series is higher than other series of the literature. Thoracic injuries are the most frequent. It is necessary to improve prehospital management of these patients and to increase the use of safety belt. Spine injury incidence increased with age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy: our experience in short-term hospital stay].

OBJECTIVE: To prove that the nephrectomy, in spite of being a major surgery, requires less than 48 hours stay hospital if it is performed by retro peritoneal approach. Consequently this procedure can be carry out in a short hospital stay. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 1995, we have treat 40 patients by retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy, 46 nephrectomies in total, being bilateral in 6 patients because of terminal renal failure (TRF), who do not take part in that study. The average age was 4.8 years range old (with a rank between 6 months and 13 years old), in relation with sex, male (n=16) and female (n=18). As for the side of the nephrectomy, it was the right in 20 cases and left in 14. Those pathologies, which indicated the nephrectomy because of kidney's functional annulations, were: obstructive hydronephrosis (n=2); obstructive megaureter (n=1); kidney destroyed by reflux (n=8); multicystic displasia (n=11); involution multicystic diyplasia (n=12). RESULTS: In all the cases, the nephrectomy was pure retroperitoneal approach. The average time of surgical duration was of 92 minutes (with a range between 60-240 minutes). It was reconversion in 1 case (4.5%) by peritoneal micro perforation (n=1). We underline absence of inherent complications to retroperitoneoscopy, intraoperative and postoperative procedures. As secondary complications to the access surgical procedure were 2 wall relaxations because of incisional injury and one serum collection of the first port site. The bleeding during the operative act was imperceptible, less than 20 cc. Drainages were not left in the operative bed. The average stay has been reduced to 27 hours, without being counted the 6 cases of TRF. In the last 18 cases the hospitality discharge was made in the first 24 h postoperative. The analgesic established by protocol was analgesic of infiltration of ports site with 1% bupivacaine and one dose of paracetamol/ibuprofen, given 12h after the intervention and repeated after hospitality discharge. Essumpcion of their day home-life and school- was earlier in 100% of cases. We underline the absence of secondary complications to pain (breathing) neither to immobilization. CONCLUSIONS: The retroperitoneoscopic nephectomy is a clearly established indication and of required fulfilment in paediatric age. It is the suitable surgical boarding to perform a nephrectomy because of its reliability, reproductibile and safety. Media hospital stayis lesser when the nephrectomy was performed by retro peritoneal approach than conventional surgery. Consequently this procedure can be carry out in a short hospital stay.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Novel water overlayer growth on Pd(111) characterized with scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory.

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of water submonolayers on Pd(111) reveal quasiperiodic and isolated adclusters with internal structure that would ordinarily be ascribed to icelike puckered hexagonal units. However, density functional theory and STM simulations contradict this conventional picture, showing instead that the water adlayers are composed mainly of flat-lying molecules arranged in planar water hexagons. A new rule for two dimensional (2D) water growth is offered that generates the structures observed experimentally from planar hexamer units.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

[Impact of formation programs in initial management of injured children].

INTRODUCTION: In 1997 we developed the "Pediatric Trauma Life Support Course"applied to every one who provide care for the pediatric trauma patient. Since November 1997 until December 2000, 14 courses were imparted inside of the "Comunidad de Madrid" with total number of 289 students. Thirty-eight students have been people who worked in the prehospital area inside of our Community. The aim of this paper is to determinate the possible impact of these Courses in the prehospital management of the pediatric trauma patient. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed the Pediatric Trauma Registry inputs of our hospital since January 1995 until December 2000. A total number of 2166 patients required admission in our hospital after the injuries. 495 patients which moved to our Institution by medical people and a special transport (ambulance/medical van) were enrolled. The patients were classified into two groups. In the first group were included the children admitted between 1995 to 1997 (group 1, n = 232), before we had applied our Courses and in the second group, the patients admitted between 1998 to 2000 (group II, n = 263), after The Pediatric Trauma Life Support Course was conducted. Both groups seems to be equal if we compare the age, sex and severity of the injuries. We analysed the infant orotracheal intubation in a coma patient, gastric intubation in the several trauma patient, vascular access and apply a semirigid cervical collar into a head injury. If we think that the application of these manouvers will be a good quality index of the management of these patients in the prehospital area, we compare the index of application of these variables according to the years before and after the Courses were imparted. For this pourpose we used the X2 test shows significant differences within both groups if p < 0.05. RESULTS: All paramethers analyzed were better in group II than in group I (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this paper shows that the use of this program for the management of the pediatric trauma patient is going well and the assessment is doing better than few years before.

Child↗
PubMed2004

[Diagnosis and management of necrotizing tracheobronchitis].

OBJECTIVE: Necrotizing tracheobronchitis has been described as a complication of mechanical ventilation of newborns with respiratory failure. Neonates with necrotizing tracheobronchitis present a diverse clinical spectrum from asymptomatic disease to severe airway obstruction that causes 45% of mortality. The objective of our study is to analyze our experience in the management of these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the last three years we have treated eight patients with necrotizing tracheobronchitis The mean age was 0.84 +/- 0.95 months, gestational age of 37.43 +/- 2.3 weeks. The mean weight was 3.07 +/- 1.04 kg. Five patients had a congenital heat disease (62.5%) and three have a respiratory failure (37.5%). We have analyzed the contributing factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and results. RESULTS: All patients presented episodes of shock with treatment of drugs. Five patients have conventional ventilation (62.5%) while three have high frequency oscillatory ventilation (37.5%). There were not significant differences in the ventilator parameters of both groups (PMA, PIP, PEEP). Three patients were supported by ECMO when they developed necrotizing tracheobronchitis. The treatment was bronchoscopic removal of necrotic tissue. There was not any complication after the procedure. A patient suffered a stenosis in the left main bronchus. Three patients have died during follow-up for different causes. The time of pursuit is of 10.33 +/- 7.61 months. CONCLUSIONS: Necrotizing tracheobronchitis may be increasing in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units, due to a bigger survival of patient with serious respiratory failure and shock. Hypotension and shock seems to be a major contributing factor in the development of this lesion. Bronchoscopy is necessary for treatment and survival of the patients.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed2002

[Treatment of vestibular fistulas in older girls].

The vestibular fistula is the anorectal malformation more frequent in females. In this congenital anomaly the anus is located in the vaginal vestibule, having the rectum a common wall with the vagina. With the posterior sagittal approach described by Alberto Peña it changes the treatment of this anorectal malformation, contributing to the possibility of an aesthetic and functional improvement. From 1996 we have operated on 6 girls with ages included between 6 and 22 years (mean of 11 years) that presented a vestibular fistula. Five cases had been operated on in the neonatal period of vestibular fistula carrying out "cut-back", and a case had been operated on for cloaca syndrome. It was carried out in all of them, posterior sagittal approach disecting the rectum, separating it from the vagina and placing it in the sphincter. In a case a colostomy was carried out and in the other five were carried out intestinal cleaning, maintaining absolute diet and postoperative total parenteral nutrition. The evolution has been favorable in all the cases. the functionality of the neo-anus in terms of continence is absolutely normal, presenting an excellent aesthetic aspect. We believe that the posterior sagittal approach is suitable as surgical treatment of the vestibular fistula. The aesthetic improvement and the satisfaction of our patients motivates us to the realization of this technique that also allows us to correct in only one surgical act associated vaginal malformations.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2000

[Obstetric trauma. A current problem?].

Advances in obstetric practice have decreased birth traumas in the last years, although they are still an important chapter in neonatal age. Between 1993-1998 a total of 21,375 stillborns were registered with a total of 309 birth injuries in 303 neonates (1.44%). The diagnoses were: 2 liver subcapsular hematomas, 105 cephalohematomas, 16 parietal fractures, 11 subdural hemorrhages, 107 clavicular fractures, 10 miscellaneous fractures, 8 soft tissue injuries, 25 facial nerve injuries and 25 braquial palsy. About relation between type of labor and birth trauma was found that clavicular fracture and cephalic vaginal delivery were associated in 50% of the cases, cephalohematoma and forceps in 51%, braquial palsy and vaginal delivery in 44% and forceps in 36%. High weight at birth was another risk factor for entities such as clavicular fracture and braquial palsy. We conclude that birth trauma is a pathology with a relevant incidence and their epidemiology factor had to be known.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMed2000

[New approach in the surgical treatment of the urogenital sinus].

The urogenital sinus is an embriological anomaly which consists on a common channel from the urethra and vagina. The major incidence is produced in the congenital adrenal hyperplasia's context. In certain occasions it can be associated to an imperforate anus, then the malformation is called a cloacal defect. There are multiple surgical techniques to correct this malformation and different therapeutical approaches (without surgery, surgery at one or various times, early or delayed surgery) being the newest one the total urogenital mobilization. The purpose of this work is to reflect our experience with this technique. We present seven girls with urogenital sinus (3 with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 2 with a cloacal defect, and the other 2 associated to ambiguous genitalia). Five patients were operated in the first year of life. The outcome has been favorable, and the cosmetic and functional results have been very good. The surgical technique consists on posterior sagittal incision, it can be done transanorectal if necessary, the urethrovaginal union is achieved and both structures are mobilized together, connecting them to the perineum, as a single unit. We believe that the total urogenital mobilization is actually the surgical technique to be chosen in every of urogenital sinus, for being easier, allowing early realization (girls under 1 year old), correcting simultaneously other anomalies, reducing the complications (urethrovaginal fistula, vaginal structure, or acquired vaginal atresia); and the result is excellent.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1999

[Hemodynamic changes during laparoscopic surgery. Preliminary study].

The haemodynamic changes produced by laparoscopic surgery in children have been evaluated. A transesophageal echocardiographic study on 13 patients (7 males and 6 females, 10.8 +/- 2.7 years old) has been performed before, during and after peritoneal CO2 gas insufflation. A change on the Doppler waves pattern of the infradiaphragmatic veins along with an increase in blood flow velocity were observed. Pulmonary veins suffered minimal changes showing an increase on either the systolic pressure and on atrial contraction. Diastolic retrograde flow in aorta reflected an increase in peripheral vascular resistance. Cardiac output increased minimally. All haemodynamic changes returned to basal after gas peritoneal desufflation. These data show that laparoscopic surgery could produce important cardiac derangements in children with ventricular dysfunction or in patients presenting left ventricular outlet obstruction. In these patients laparoscopic surgery might be precluded.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1999

[Thyroid tumors in childhood].

The thyroid pathology in the paediatric population represents 5% of the total and 1.2% only thyroid pathology correspond to the infantile solitary thyroid nodules. Most of them are asymptomatic and as only sign an increase of volume is observed in the neck. Always we have to ask about the family history because the possibility of medullary carcinoma related with multiple endocrine neoplasias should be investigated (a patient of our series). The thyroid tumor represents 0.5% of all the tumors and of these 10% is in younger than 21 years old. We present 13 patients with thyroid pathology that have required surgical treatment, since 1983 to 1997. Five papillary carcinomas (ages: 7 to 14 years old) that started with a cervical nodule, normal thyroid function and a case of medullary carcinoma, in a multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN II 2A). In the 5 cases of carcinoma papillary we were carried out total thyroidectomy and later on, postoperative ablative dose of 131I was administered. In the case of the girl with medullary carcinoma was carried out a total tumorectomy and lymph node excision. Finally, seven patients with nodule thyroid were thyroid benign tumors (benign 6 adenomas and 1 cyst colloid, ages: 8 to 15 years old). In all of them we were carried out total surgical excision of the thyroid nodules. Our protocol of study of nodule thyroid includes: 1) thyroid gammagraphy to know the intensity of reception of the isotope; 2) cervical ultrasound; and 3) biopsy or cytopathology of fine needle aspiration of the thyroid gland in children that it dissuades to base the surgical strategy on this test.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1999

[Sigmoid neovagina: apropos of 2 cases].

The presence of ambiguous external genitals can be related with a number of nosologic entities. We can find the female form with hypertrophic clitoris and vaginal hypoplasia in a wide variety of phenotype presentations. We have two young girls with ambiguous external genitals, where we notice hypertrophic clitoris and vaginal hypoplasia, with the diagnosis of mixed gonadal dysgenesis and androgen insensitivity syndrome (Morri's Syndrome). They have been operated several times: gonadectomy, genitoplasty, vaginoplasty and mammoplasty. We have made a neovagina, using a segment of sigma and preserving the walls of the former vagina. The surgical technique we used, consisted in the abdominoperineal descent of the segment of sigmoid colon and anastomosis with the back wall of the former vagina and the perineum; after that, we split the intervaginal septum, linking these two structures and reaching a lonely introitus vaginae. The hormonal treatment for the girl with mixed gonadal dysgenesis with estrogen and progestogen induces normal menstruations; we only use estrogen for the patient with Morri's Syndrome. The histology showed that there were dysgenetic gonads in one of the patients and testicular tissue without gonadal elements. Both girls have had a good evolution, with no problems and an excellent aesthetic and functional result.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Extracorporeal respiratory assistance (ECRA): initial experiences in Spain].

UNLABELLED: The attendance respiratory extracorporeal (AREC) is an oxygenation form for membrane extracorporeal with flow tidal and veno-venous cannula described by Chevalier et al. in 1990. We present our clinical experience so much with AREC in system veno-venous flow tidal as veno-arterial. From october of 1997 until the present time we have treated three patients by means AREC, in two patients with veno-venous system and in one veno-arterial. In all the cases bomb Collin-Cardio has been used with bladder for flow tidal and membrane of oxygenation of 0.8 m2, being inserted a system of alternative clamp of the branches of the circuit. The system AREC has been used in two patients with congenial diaphragmatic hernia, right in a case and left in the other one. The gestational age was of 38 and 36 weeks with a weight of 3,200 and 2,900 grams. Both patients were remitted from other centers by failure of the conventional treatment. In both cases the indication of AREC was the sharp deterioration of the general state with failure of the conservative treatment, being the previous oxygenation index of 109 and 112. The third patient precised veno-arterial AREC for ventricular failure during the correction of the congenital heart disease, this patient was 5 month old and the weight was 5,000 grams. The duration of AREC in the cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia was of 14 and 10 days. In a patient the diaphragmatic hernia was corrected at the 55 hours of being in AREC. In the second case the hernia had been surgical corrected in another center. The exit of AREC in both cases carries out after a discreet improvement of the lung function. Both patients died at the 24 and 48 hours of the decannulation for cerebral hemorrhage and respiratory failure. The third patient stayed stable in veno-arterial AREC during 4 days, with hemodynamic support of 130 ml/kg/min, retiring the support to present absence of cerebral activity. CONCLUSIONS: With the derived limitations of the extreme severity of the treated cases and the current phase of beginning of the AREC team, we think that it is a useful and available technique in our country, for the handling of patient with cardiorespiratory failure while waiting for improvement of their base pathology.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

Pattern of vitellogenesis and follicle maturational competence during the ovarian follicular cycle of Fundulus heteroclitus.

The patterns of vitellogenesis and follicle maturational competence were examined across the semilunar spawning cycle of Fundulus heteroclitus. Daily egg collection showed spawning cyclicity in six experimental groups, with a mean period between spawnings of 14.9 +/- 0.3 days, indicated by the nonlinear regression sine-curve matching analysis. Each cycle was then dated from Day -7 to Day 7, with Day 0 as the peak egg-collection day. Females from each group were sampled on selected days during two to three consecutive spawning cycles, and these days were each chronologically given a temporal relation to Day 0 to pool the data into a composite. The analysis of the size-frequency distribution of ovarian follicles > or = 0.5-mm diameter across the composite revealed a constant recruitment of small follicles (0.5- to 0.7-mm diameter) into vitellogenesis, which was supported by the continuous presence of vitellogenin (Vtg) I mRNA in the liver of the females. The plasma levels of Vtg were also essentially constant across the cycle, except for a progressive decrease from Day -7 through Day 3 that could be related to a more active Vtg uptake by a dominant population of follicles up to 1.7 mm in diameter. A second and more selective recruitment of full-grown follicles (1.3- to 1.4-mm diameter) toward maturation was noted at Days -5, -4, which appeared associated with high plasma levels of estradiol-17 beta. However, the responsiveness of those follicles undergoing oocyte maturation in vitro after gonadotropin and maturation-inducing steroid (MIS), 17, 20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, stimulation dramatically declined from Days -1, 0, 1 to Days 4, 5, concomitantly with an increase of the population of the largest follicles (1.8- to 2.1-mm diameter) in the ovary. These findings extend previous observations on the process of follicular recruitment in F. heteroclitus and indicate that full-grown follicles may be recruited into maturation by a mechanism that modulates the oocyte sensitivity to the MIS.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Neuropeptide Y in the forebrain and retina of the killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus.

The organization of the neuropeptide Y (NPY)-immunoreactive system in the forebrain, pineal organ and retina of a biweekly spawning fish (Fundulus heteroclitus) was investigated. Immunoreactivity was encountered in neurons of the nucleus olfactoretinalis, in the large population of neurons in the floor of the telencephalon, and in the nucleus entopeduncularis. Isolated somata were encountered in the hypophysiotropic hypothalamic nuclei, viz., the nucleus preopticus periventricularis, nucleus preopticus, and nucleus lateralis tuberis. Immunoreactive somata were also seen in the nucleus dorsomedialis thalami. The olfactory bulb was abundantly innervated by NPY fibers. The telencephalon showed thick radiating processes basally and terminal fields with modest to high densities in the dorsal and lateral regions. NPY-immunoreactive fibers were also conspicuous in the preoptic area, suprachiasmatic nucleus, tuberal hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and paraventricular thalamic regions; discrete CSF-contacting sites were also encountered. Of special interest was the occurrence of NPY immunoreactivity in fibers of the pineal stalk and organ. In the retina, some amacrine cells displayed immunoreactivity, while the inner plexiform layer revealed a well-developed pattern of NPY fibers different from that previously described for the goldfish.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Second tumors in childhood].

More aggressiveness in treatment of childhood malignancies has had an evident impact on survival and rate of cure but, it has also allowed us to discover long-term effects of these treatments, and second malignant tumors of them. Between 1970 and 1993, 472 cases of malignant tumors in childhood were diagnosed in our department. Six of them (1.27%) developed a second tumor (five malignant and one benign). Relationship between first and second tumors are: seven years old boy, cervical lymphosarcoma-thyroid carcinoma; eleven years old boy, osteogenic sarcoma-vesical carcinoma: two years and six months old boy, cerebellar astrocytoma-soft tissue osteogenic sarcoma; five years old girl. Wilm's tumor-scapular osteogenic chondroma; one year and a half old girl, abdominal neuroblastoma-granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma); twelve years old boy. Hodgkin's disease-acute myeloblastic leukemia. All of them were clearly related to concogenic effect of radiation or chemotherapy.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗