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Biomedical subjects

J Chackiel

Publications and source records attributed to J Chackiel.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[The indigenous population in Latin American censuses].

"On reviewing the information about the indigenous population in the [Latin American] census data, clear discrepancies can be found. The main problem lies in the various definitions of indigenous population....The greatest difficulty arises from the multiple dimensionality of socio-cultural elements.... Existing estimates on indigenous population for the whole region largely vary and, in most cases, seem to be determined by strong emotions or, at least, based on highly subjective criteria. In spite of the strong criticism about the estimates taken from the population censuses, this source is generally one of the few with a real base." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Censuses↗
PubMed1994

[Latin America: demographic trends with emphasis on mortality].

"The paper presents the Latin American demographic situation and trends since 1950, with special emphasis on differential mortality across and within countries.... The large declines in mortality, specially those at young ages, are linked to changes in epidemiological profiles which imply a greater relative importance of non-transmissible diseases and a lesser role of infectious and parasitic diseases. Population ageing also contributes to these changes due to the increased fraction of adult and elderly population. In the majority of countries, excessive mortality due to avoidable causes is still present among the poor." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1992

[The fertility transition in Latin America].

"In this article fertility behaviour is analyzed between 1950 and 1990, and Latin American countries are classified according to the stages of the transition process. The analysis of fertility decline by age of women indicates that the decrease was more pronounced in women 30 years and over, due principally to a broader access to family planning services. Differences in fertility behaviour by level of urbanization, education and occupation were also analyzed." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

[Factors affecting infant mortality (author's transl)].

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the differentials and detect factors affecting infant mortality on the basis of data obtained from the fertility surveys from those countries participating in the World Fertility Survey. In particular, this includes the surveys carried out in Colombia, Peru, Costa Rica, Panama, and the Dominican Republic. 3 types of explanatory variables may be considered from the information available: 1) context variables related to the mother's environment; 2) socioeconomic variables based on the educational and economic characteristics of the mother and her last husband; and 3) biological factors (from each woman's pregnancy history) such as mother's age at birth of the child, order of birth, interbirth interval, etc. The countries, whether high or low mortality, present great differences in child mortality in most of the variables considered. In Panama and Costa Rica there are population sectors with infant mortality rates of around 100/1000 live births, whereas in Peru these are over 150/1000 (children from mothers without education, low agricultural strata, etc.). Besides presenting the differentials, a methodological test is made through the application to Costa Rica and Peru of the Proportional Hazards Model which permits analysis of the effects of variables when acting simultaneously upon mortality in early childhood. The variables which show the highest disparity in mortality level are: natural region among the context variables, education of mother among the socioeconomic variables, and interbirth interval and maternal age at birth of their children among the biological ones.

Birth Intervals↗