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Biomedical subjects

J Chumas

Publications and source records attributed to J Chumas.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Doxorubicin delivered by subcutaneous pellets suppresses uterine sarcoma xerografts in athymic mice.

An in vivo model system has been developed to test the sensitivity of human malignancies xerotransplanted into athymic mice for sensitivity to a chemotherapeutic agent, delivered by subcutaneously placed, slow-release pellets. Pellets were specially created to release set amounts of doxorubicin (DX). BALB/c nude mice were injected with equal aliquots of minced human mixed mullerian sarcoma (MMS) of the uterus and divided into groups: control and DX-treated (750 micrograms/day). The tumor growth rate in the DX-treated group of mice was significantly reduced when compared to controls in two experiments, 1 (P less than 0.001) and 2 (P less than 0.01). Final tumor weight was also significantly less in the DX-treated group (P less than 0.001). This model system, utilizing pellet delivery of chemotherapy to human malignancies heterotransplanted into athymic mice, may be an effective means of screening the activity of anticancer agents on human tumors, avoiding more cumbersome drug administration methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Herpetiform cutaneous metastases following negative second look laparatomy for ovarian adenocarcinoma.

Cutaneous metastases from gynecologic malignancy are rarely reported, and when present are invariably accompanied by intraperitoneal disease. In the present case extensive metastases to the skin of the abdomen, groin, thigh and perineum appeared six weeks following extensive "second look" laparotomy which revealed no evidence of intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal disease. The appearance of cutaneous metastases was preceded by only a one month history of leg swelling, erythema, and a markedly elevated serum CA-125. Problems in the differential diagnosis and management of this clinical situation are discussed.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

Ovarian metastases from stage IB adenocarcinoma of the cervix.

At the time carcinoma of the cervix is treated by radical surgery, it is believed that ovarian preservation is possible, and will prevent surgical menopause, with its risks of osteoporosis, vaginal dryness, and "hot flashes." However, the data originally used to justify ovarian preservation was based on clinical experience with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Little if any data exist to justify this treatment rationale in patients with adenocarcinoma of the cervix. Two patients who presented with clinical Stage IB adenocarcinoma of the cervix, subsequently underwent radical surgical treatment. Pathologic review of the operative specimens revealed microscopic metastasis to the ovaries in both patients. It is suggested that ovarian preservation at the time of radical surgical treatment for adenocarcinoma of the cervix has not had its safety established, and that sacrificing the ovaries and providing hormonal replacement postoperatively may be a safer course.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Cervical and vaginal pathology in women with vulvar condylomata.

All women referred to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, for evaluation of vulvar condylomata were reviewed to identify concurrent cervical and vaginal pathology. Over the five-year period 1981-1985, referrals to our colposcopy clinic for vulvar condylomata increased from 7.8% to 29.2%. All patients underwent a thorough history, physical examination and colposcopic evaluation of the cervix, vulva and vagina. Of the patients with vulvar condylomata, 68% had biopsy-proven cervical and vaginal pathology. While 50% of patients with cervical disease had human papillomavirus infection alone, the other 50% had concurrent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or CIN only. Proper evaluation of patients with vulvar condylomata must include colposcopy of the cervix and vagina.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1986

Elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein associated with Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors of the ovary.

Two young girls are described who presented with amenorrhea, large ovarian masses, elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and signs of androgen excess. Whereas the findings of an ovarian mass and elevated serum AFP typically suggest an ominous diagnosis, ie, endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary, both of these patients were found at laparotomy to have Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors of the ovary. Unilateral oophorectomy rapidly led to undetectable AFP levels in both patients, and resumption of menses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Routine appendectomy in extensive gynecologic operations.

Based upon past clinical experience, a policy was established in a teaching service to remove the appendix whenever encountered during extensive gynecologic operations. Retrospectively, all patients operated upon during the subsequent 54 month period were reviewed to determine the success of instituting the policy of mandatory elective appendectomy and to assess the pathologic findings. We found that 93 per cent of the time the policy was followed and appendectomy performed. Definite pathologic findings were found in 14.6 per cent of the specimens and equivocal pathologic findings in an additional 14 per cent. No procedure related morbidity occurred. The incidence of metastasis to the appendix from specific gynecologic malignant diseases is discussed herein.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

RO-TAGE biopsy. An improved method of endocervical evaluation.

The colposcopic management of patients with abnormal Papanicolaou smears relies on correlating the examination findings with the cytology and biopsy results. Failure to adequately sample the endocervical canal introduces a possible source of error and could allow an invasive lesion to be missed. In 300 patients subjected to both endocervical curettage and RO-TAGE biopsy (Proto Med Incorporated, Boulder, Colorado), significantly fewer inadequate samples were obtained with RO-TAGE biopsy (1%) or the use of both methods (0.3%) than with curettage alone (4.3%). Therefore, we conclude that RO-TAGE biopsy should be added to every colposcopic examination.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1983

Carney's triad: role of transthoracic needle biopsy.

A triad of gastric epithelioid leiomyosarcoma, functioning extra-adrenal paraganglioma, and pulmonary chondroma, has been described in 7 patients, and a partial expression of this tumor complex consisting of 2 of the 3 tumors in at least 11 others. Sixteen of these 18 patients were female. The variable presentation and course of these patients warrants special attention. We present the nineteenth reported case: a 26-yr-old woman with a pulmonary chondroma and a gastric epithelioid leiomyosarcoma. It is suggested that in cases of this type thoracotomy may not be necessary for the diagnosis of the pulmonary chondroma, and extensive gastric resection of the leiomyosarcoma may be lifesaving.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Estrogen synthesis in normal and malignant human endometrium.

The ability of human endometrium to synthesize estrogen from testosterone (T) was investigated. Normal and malignant endometrial specimens were incubated in a complete nutrient medium with 1 muC/ml (approximately 10 pmol/ml) of [3H]T for 20 hrs. Various estrogens: estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estrone sulfate (E1S), and estradiol-3-sulfate (E2S) were isolated from cultured tissue and medium. The capacity of aromatization, expressed in pmol of estrogen formed/g of tissue, of proliferative endometria was found to be significantly higher than that of secretory endometria (prol. n=12, 0.53 +/- 0.21, vs sec. n=13, 0.15 +/- 0.09, mean +/- s.d., P less than 0.005). In nine cancer endometrial specimens studied, the estrogen produced varied from 0.3 to 15 pmol/g of tissue. These studies represent the first evidence that human endometrium is capable of synthesizing estrogens from delta 4 androgens at a concentration similar to plasma level. The changes of the capacity of aromatization during the two phases of the menstrual cycle indicate that the estrogen synthesis in endometrium is apparently regulated by hormones. The presence of aromatase in cancer endometria may play an important role in promoting the cell growth in estrogen sensitive endometrial cancer.

Aromatase↗