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J Cisneros

Publications and source records attributed to J Cisneros.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Aurally aided visual search under virtual and free-field listening conditions.

We examined the minimum latency required to locate and identify a visual target (visual search) in a two-alternative forced-choice paradigm in which the visual target could appear from any azimuth (0 degree to 360 degrees) and from a broad range of elevations (from 90 degrees above to 70 degrees below the horizon) relative to a person's initial line of gaze. Seven people were tested in six conditions: unaided search, three aurally aided search conditions, and two visually aided search conditions. Aurally aided search with both actual and virtual sound localization cues proved to be superior to unaided and visually guided search. Application of synthesized three-dimensional and two-dimensional sound cues in the workstations are discussed.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1996

[New features of pharmacologic treatment of erectile dysfunction].

OBJECTIVES: The present article summarizes the latest advancements in the physiology of erection, with special reference to the role of the adenylate and guanylate cyclase-nitric oxide system. METHODS/RESULTS: New aspects in the pharmacological intracavernous treatment of erectile dysfunction are discussed and new drugs in this field are analyzed, such as nitrovasodilators, calcium channel blocker, potassium channel openers, phosphodiesterase inhibitors and the combination of adenylate cyclase stimulators. CONCLUSIONS: A high percentage of patients with erectile dysfunction depends on intracavernous injection of vasoactive drugs for erection. However, this route of administration is painful and causes anxiety in many cases. Other routes of administration (oral, topical or intraurethral) have yet to be developed, as well as drugs that can diminish penile venous blood outflow in cases with venous leakage, and can enhance arterial blood supply at the same time. The combination of phosphodiesterase inhibitors with adenylate and/or guanylate cyclase stimulators or potassium channel openers may further enhance the results achieved to date.

Erectile Dysfunction↗
PubMed1995

[High-flow priapism].

OBJECTIVES: A case of traumatic high flow priapism that had been successfully treated by selective embolization of the internal pudendal artery is described. METHODS: High flow priapism was diagnosed in a patient who presented with painless prolonged erection. He had fallen down from a horse twelve days before. The intracavernous blood gas analysis had arterial characteristics and erection did not subside with conservative management. Selective embolization of the internal pudendal artery was performed after visualization of an arteriocavernous fistula. RESULTS: Priapism disappeared just after the procedure and sexual potency was preserved. CONCLUSIONS: Selective embolization of the internal pudendal artery is an appropriate treatment for traumatic high flow priapism.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Preliminary results of a comparative study with intracavernous sodium nitroprusside and prostaglandin E1 in patients with erectile dysfunction.

We compared the effect of intracavernous administration of sodium nitroprusside, a nitric oxide donor and, therefore, stimulator of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway, with the activity of prostaglandin E1, which is a stimulator of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway. To date 105 patients with erectile dysfunction have entered the study. As part of the diagnostic evaluation every patient received an intracavernous injection of 20 micrograms prostaglandin E1 and a second injection of sodium nitroprusside at different concentrations (100 micrograms in 10 patients, 300 micrograms in 60 and 400 micrograms in 35). Sodium nitroprusside at a dose of 100 micrograms was not effective for inducing erections. Prostaglandin E1 induced better responses overall than sodium nitroprusside at 300 and 400 micrograms (p < 0.001). The overall duration of erections was also significantly longer with prostaglandin E1 (mean 88.5 minutes) than with 300 micrograms sodium nitroprusside (mean 50.8 minutes, p < 0.001) but did not reach statistical significance compared to 400 micrograms sodium nitroprusside (mean 42.2 minutes). Side effects were minimal with both drugs. Although sodium nitroprusside has several benefits over prostaglandin E1 for intracavernous use (such as lower cost, absence of local pain and shorter action, allowing detumescence after orgasm and decreasing the risk of priapism), prostaglandin E1 still remains the agent of choice for intracavernous use.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1994

Prospective study of renal transplant infections in 50 consecutive patients.

A prospective study of the frequency, timing, etiology and risk factors of infections in renal transplant recipients during the first year after transplantation was conducted in 50 consecutive patients. Neither prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole nor antiviral prophylaxis was administered. Two hundred twenty-eight episodes of infection were registered (4.5 per patient), 19 of which were severe. Forty-seven percent of all infectious episodes occurred during the first two months after transplantation. The more frequent infections were bacterial (64%), viral (22%) and fungal (11%). Escherichia coli was the most common agent isolated (n = 36), followed by cytomegalovirus (n = 32). Urinary tract infections were most common (n = 144), especially asymptomatic bacteriuria (n = 106). Surgical reintervention and the use of anti-lymphocytic globulins were associated with a higher frequency of severe infections (p < 0.05), and invasive candidiasis was associated with allograft loss (p < 0.03). Annual survival rates of patients and allografts were 100% and 94%, respectively. The frequency of mild infections was higher than that observed in other studies using bacterial or viral prophylaxis. Nevertheless, the number of severe infections and the survival rates of patients and allografts were similar to those reported in previous studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Auditory and visual localization performance in a sequential discrimination task.

Four subjects were tested in a two-alternative, forced-choice, three down-one up adaptive paradigm in which two 200-ms signals were presented sequentially with a 200-ms interstimulus interval. The subject's task was to indicate whether the second stimulus was to the right or left of the first. Tests were conducted with 57 dB (A-weighted), 1.0-kHz high-pass noise, the minimum audible angle (MAA) task, and with lights emitting 620 nm at a luminance level of 200 mL, the minimum visible angle (MVA) task. Localization performance in the MAA task was equal to or better than that obtained in the MVA task for all regions of the frontal field with only one exception, presentations at 0 degrees azimuth. The implications of these results are discussed.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1993

[Necrotizing vasculitis in the bladder].

The necrotizing lesion that affects the small and medium-sized arteries, commonly known as polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), usually have a systemic and variable involvement. Urothelial involvement at the level of the two ureters has been rarely described. We report a case of necrotizing vasculitis localized to the bladder that had manifested clinically as gross hematuria.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Controversies over regional lymphadenectomy in carcinoma of the penis].

Epidermoid carcinoma of the penis, although rare, is a very aggressive tumor type. The presence or absence of inguinal metastasis is an essential prognostic factor. Treatment of these metastases is one of the current controversies in urological practice; i.e., when and to what extent lymphadenectomy should be performed. Of 24 patients with penile carcinoma, 10 had undergone regional lymphadenectomy over the past 8 years at our institution. Following treatment of the primary penile tumor, 6 patients had palpable inguinal nodes that persisted after treatment with antibiotic and antiinflammatory agents for 6 weeks. Of these, 3 had a positive node biopsy. They were submitted to regional lymphadenectomy which revealed node metastasis in 5 cases (2 pN3, 2 pN2 and 1 pN1). The patients with no palpable nodes were closely followed and were submitted to lymphadenectomy when these appeared (3 cases). The fatal outcome of 2 cases (both pN3) prompted us to perform lymphadenectomy prophylactically in the last case, a 40-year-old male with pT2G2 N0 penile cancer. This approach is advocated in patients under 65 with invasive penile carcinoma (pT greater than 1) or a high histological grade of malignancy (G2 and G3).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Primary bladder adenocarcinoma: retrospective study of 11 cases and general review].

Eleven cases of primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder are described herein. Eight had a glandular pattern, 1 was papillary and 2 were comprised of signet ring cells (one had areas of colloid carcinoma). One of the cases, originating from the urachus, also showed colloid areas and a glandular pattern. Forty-five percent of the cases were moderately differentiated and the remaining 55% were poorly differentiated. In all cases the tumor had areas of adenocarcinoma in more than 2/3 of its extent. All but two cases revealed muscle layer infiltration at the time of diagnosis. Two patients were submitted to radical cystectomy, lymphadenectomy and Wallace II cutaneous ureteroileostomy, 1 patient underwent partial cystectomy and lymphadenectomy, and 6 were submitted to transurethral resection. Excision of the urachal tumor was by en bloc partial cystectomy. The 5-year survival of patients with infiltrating tumors, excluding the urachal tumor, was 33%, 67% died within the first year of follow-up. The only evaluable case of superficial adenocarcinoma is alive and tumor-free at 94 months. Primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder is an aggressive tumor. Although it may be superficial at the time of diagnosis, it soon develops into an infiltrating tumor if untreated. Treatment and survival depend on tumor stage. Superficial or minimally infiltrating tumors warrant treatment by deep transurethral resection up to the pericystium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Leydig cell tumor: presentation of 3 new cases with a benign course].

Three cases of Leydig cell tumor are described. Patient ages were 27, 44 and 55 years, respectively. The first two patients consulted for a testicular mass and the third patient presented with gynecomastia, an incidental finding during the ultrasound work up of a hydrocele. Hormonal evaluation revealed a marked serum testosterone level in one case, whereas in another case it fell within the lower limits of normal ranges. No evidence of dissemination was observed in all patients. Treatment was by radical inguinal orchiectomy in all patients. The pathological analysis of the surgical specimens revealed Leydig cell tumor with no histologic evidence of malignancy. A follow-up of 32, 14 and 10 months, respectively, revealed no evidence of tumor recurrence in all patients. The clinical and histologic features and treatment of this disease process are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Renal oncocytoma: diagnosis and treatment. Report of 4 cases].

Four cases of renal oncocytoma that had been treated at our service from 1985 to 1990 are presented herein. The renal mass had been incidentally disclosed on the IVP (2 cases), abdominal ultrasound (1), and on palpation (1). An abdominal CT scan complemented the diagnostic work up. The diagnoses of oncocytoma (1 case) and renal carcinoma (3 cases) were made based on the scan findings. The 3 patients that had been diagnosed as having renal carcinoma were submitted to radical nephrectomy. The patient diagnosed as having oncocytoma underwent surgical enucleation of the tumor. Subsequent histological examination was diagnostic of oncocytoma in all four cases. Follow-up ranging from 15 to 55 months revealed all patients are asymptomatic and tumor-free. Currently attention has been focussed on this tumor type. The diagnostic and therapeutic controversies are discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

[Ureteral metastasis of carcinoma of the kidney].

Involvement of the ureter from metastatic renal cell carcinoma is doubtlessly uncommon. Five cases of ureteric secondaries are studied herein. All were ipsilateral and synchronous with the appearance of the primary tumor except for one that was diagnosed 5 years following nephrectomy. The most consistent clinical feature was that of hematuria which presented in all cases. Urography (IVP) and retrograde ureteropyelography (RUP) proved to be fundamental in the morphologic diagnosis of these lesions. Treatment was always by surgery. The foregoing was combined with immunotherapy (BCG) in one case and palliative external radiotherapy in another case. In all cases, tumor stage and grade were T3-T4 and G2-G3, respectively, and all but one patient presented extrarenal venous spread (3 cases V2 and 1 case V1). The regional lymph nodes were positive in all 5 cases. In 2 cases, the histopathologic examination revealed concomitant metastasis to the ipsilateral adrenal. Because prognosis is poor, the therapeutic alternatives and the possible indication of prophylactic nephroureterectomy in certain cases are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Affirmative action at work: a survey of graduates of the University of California, San Diego, Medical School.

Reported here are the results of a mail survey of 113 graduates from the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine. Fifty-seven had been admitted with assistance of the Special Admissions Subcommittee (SAS) and 56 had been admitted through the traditional Recruitment and Admissions Committee mechanisms. SAS graduates see more patients daily, and practice more often in primary care specialties in rural and inner-city areas, providing medical care for ethnic minorities from lower socioeconomic strata.

California↗