To achieve tracheal anesthesia during intubation, an endotracheal tube was purposely designed. The tube had multiple laser-induced perforations in its lower portion produced that allowed administration of the local anesthetic in a pulverized form. We evaluated the efficacy of lidocaine 2% in preventing cough during recovery from general anesthesia. The goal of this study was to perform a topical anesthesia of the hypopharynx, larynx, and trachea. This attenuates the laryngeal reflex occurring during anesthesia recovery and therefore, prevents from potential complications. Sixteen patients ASA I-II underwent surgery with general anesthesia. They were prospectively studied following a randomized double blind protocol. The control group received saline infusion (n = 6) whereas the experimental group (n = 10) was treated with lidocaine. At the end of the anesthesia period, the presence of cough was treated with the test solution. In 90% of cases treated with lidocaine, cough disappeared in about 30 seconds and patients tolerated the endotracheal tube until extubation was performed. All patients who received saline solution presented cough until extubation.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Usefulness of pulse oximetry in thoracic surgery].

Saturation of hemoglobin in arterial blood was simultaneously measured by co-oximetry (SaO2) and by pulse oximetry (SpO2) in 228 samples from 42 patients undergoing general anesthesia for thoracic surgery. Data was referred to SaO2 obtained with arterial catheterization. We found a significant correlation (r: 0.949 and p less than 0.001) and the mean differences were 0.77 +/- 1.84. The correlation between PaO2 and the difference among both methods was significantly negative (r: -0.20; p less than 0.001). Although there was a significant correlation, the method loses reliability and accuracy in patients with hypoxemia. In these patients oximetric values are slightly lower than those obtained with arterial cannulation. We emphasize the clinical usefulness of this technique since it is instantaneous and allowed immediate therapeutic actions.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Shock. Antioxidant immunologico-therapeutic replacement].

Shock is a specific reaction to a non specific severe injury. The organic reaction is a biphasic (excitation/depression) threefold response: haemodynamic, hemostatic and immunologic. The physiopathology is related with changes produced by injury on macrophages, neutrophils, platelets and endothelial cells. The release of enzymes and certain vasoactive compounds enhance activation of neutrophils, which produce great amounts of free oxygen radicals. Therapy must be basically substitutive, including immunologic substitution. Therapeutic trends are based on the use of substances which can avoid the overproduction or nocive effects of free oxygen radicals.

Antioxidants↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of the fiberoptic bronchoscope for intubation in maxillofacial surgery].

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Adolescent↗