PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Conrad

Publications and source records attributed to J Conrad.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A comparison of circulating hormone levels in postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy.

Seventeen postmenopausal subjects were randomized into this comparative study of esterified estrogen 0.625 mg (Estratab), esterified estrogen 0.625 mg plus 1.25 mg methyltestosterone (Estratest H.S.), or conjugated estrogen 0.625 mg (Premarin). Sixteen subjects completed the study in which plasma hormone concentrations of estrone and estradiol were assessed at various time points. There were no significant differences among the treatment groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Alkylation of 2'-deoxythymidylyl(3'----5')-2'-deoxythymidine with 2-hydroxyethylnitrosourea and stability of the resulting phosphotriester.

One of the main targets of RNA and DNA alkylation is the phosphate group. In contrast to RNA phosphotriesters, DNA phosphotriesters are relatively stable. Introduction of 2-hydroxyethyl phosphotriesters into DNA, however, has been reported to decrease its stability towards hydrolytic cleavage considerably. 2-Chloroethylnitrosoureas (CNUs) have been found to form predominantly 2-hydroxyethyl adducts of DNA. In the present study, we have determined the stability of 2'-deoxythymidylyl-(3'----5')-2'-deoxythymidine (dTpdT) after alkylation with various nitrosoureas, including N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and 2-hydroxyethylnitrosourea (HENU) at alkaline and neutral pH (at 37 degrees C). The half-lives (t1/2) at pH 12.5 were, for example, 2.8 h for di(2'-deoxythymidine)methylphosphotriester [dTp(me)dT] but less than 1 min for di(2'-deoxythymidine) (2-hydroxyethyl)-phosphotriester [dTp(he)dT]. At pH 7.0, dTp(me)dT was stable for more than three days, whereas the t1/2 for dTp(he)dT was only 1.0 h at pH 7.0 (27 min at pH 9.0). The marked lability of dTp(he)dT, in comparison to other phosphotriester analogues, can be explained by intermediate formation of a dioxaphospholane ring resulting in triester bond breakage. Our data strongly support the hypothesis that a great proportion of DNA single-strand breaks induced in DNA by HENU or CNUs can be attributed to intermediate formation of 2-hydroxyethyl phosphotriesters.

Alkylation↗
PubMed1979

Effects of a vigorous walking program on body composition, and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of obese young men.

With no attempt made to influence their diet, six sedentary obese men ages 19 to 31 completed 16 weeks of vigorous walking 90 min, 5 days/week, on a treadmill at up to 3.2 mph on a 10% grade, expending about 1100 kcal per session. Body composition studies indicated a loss of 5.9 kg of body fat and a gain of 0.2 kg of lean tissue for a net loss of 5.7 kg. Percentage body fat decreased from 23.3 to 17.4. Monitored food intake initially increased, then progressively decreased below pretraining levels. Work capacity and cardiovascular efficiency improved with training. Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were not significantly changed; however, high density lipoprotein cholesterol progressively increased to 15.6% above pretraining levels and the high/low density lipoprotein ratio increased 25.9%. Fasting blood sugar was significantly lower after training. Blood glucose concentrations after a glucose challenge did not significantly change, but a 43% reduction in plasma radioimmunoassay insulin levels and a 36% decrease in the ratio of insulin/glucose concentration occurred. Thus, vigorous regular walking resulted in a reduction of body fate stores, endogenous insulin requirements, and food intake, and perhaps improved the ability to eliminate cholestrol by increasing the plasma high density lipoprotein fraction.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

The high school nurse practitioner.

Better problem identification and improved access to community health care were the result of changes made during the past three years in a traditional urban high school health service. The first change included training the nurse to become a pediatric nurse practitioner and adding a full-time health aide. The other change included the use of clinic management forms developed by the nurse practitioner/health aide team to be used for three common student complaints: headache, stomachach and upper respiratory symptoms. Our experience indicates that out-of-school referrals for medical care doubled, and more students referred received care after these changes were instituted. The high school pediatric nurse practitioner counsels students in understanding their health problems and in making decisions about their health care. She also coordinates educational and health resources and provides psychosocial support for students.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparison between DSM III and CIM 9 in the data processing on computerized system. Study of 4000 records].

The authors expose the results of a confrontation between ICD 9 and the D.S.M. III's classification published by APA. This work is the issue of a collected data system'use (S.D.P.A.) which is a basic tool for epidemiological programm, applied in military psychiatrics department (actually 18 services have got computer sets). It is evident that military structure (centralized dans homogeneous), and the size of the samples, are good conditions for psychiatric epidemiology. The authors recall the different stages and the difficulties on the field, for such a wide scale application. The use of two principal world-known classifications raise up unanticiped remarks: indeed, we consider the logical structure of D.S.M. III's axis I as better than ICD 9 classification. Meanwhile, the axis III, IV and V caused a disappointment, for both clinicians and programm's responsibles. In fact, there were some statistical biases and a little gain of informations. The former system (applied for 1976) was more efficient. Some hypothesis about that insufficient acceptability and reliability are proposed as also an important project for system's modifications from 1989.

Electronic Data Processing↗