PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Coste

Publications and source records attributed to J Coste.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Epidemiological research in rheumatology: current status and prospects].

Rheumatic diseases are very common and their consequences on both the individuals (leading cause of activity limitation between the age of the 18 and 64 years) and on society (socio-economic costs) are considerable. However, the epidemiology of these diseases remains poorly known. In this paper, a review of the epidemiological data for the most frequent rheumatic diseases (including recent advances) is followed by an analysis of the specific obstacles to epidemiological research in the rheumatology field and by a proposal of possible developments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation as a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy.

As part of a case-control study of ectopic pregnancy, we evaluated the potential etiologic role of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in a population with no previous history of ectopic pregnancy. Ovulation induction alone was associated with an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio = 3.98; 95% confidence interval 1.10-14.30). In contrast, ovulation induction for in vitro fertilization did not increase the risk further (adjusted odds ratio = 2.45; 95% confidence interval 0.54-11.13). These results suggest that hormonal factors may be involved in the development of ectopic pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Risk factors of ectopic pregnancy. A case-control study at 7 maternity units in the Paris area].

A case-control study was conducted in seven maternity hospitals in the Paris area in 1988 to evaluate the role of several risk factors in ectopic pregnancy (EP). A total of 279 cases and 307 controls were compared for sociodemographic characteristics, cigarette smoking, sexual reproductive and surgical histories and for the conditions under which conception occurred. Many factors were found to be associated with an increased risk of EP: cigarette smoking related to the number smoked at the time of conception (Odds Radio (OR) 1.26 to 2.72), appendicectomy (OR 1.25, 95% CI = 1.02-1.56), prior tubal surgery (OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.37-4.22), prior use of intrauterine devices (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.02-1.80), induced ovulation cycle (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.01-2.74) and prior EP (OR = 3.90, 95% CI = 2.27-6.75). Chlamydia trachomatis seropositivity was associated with an increased risk of EP (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.04-2.13), but clinically reported pelvic inflammatory disease was not. Maternal age, parity, previous induced abortion and previous spontaneous abortion were not associated with EP. Use of an intrauterine device, progestagen micro-pill or the combined oestrogen/progestagen pill at the time of conception were associated with a lower risk of intrauterine pregnancy than of EP. These findings confirm the importance of several of the previously reported risk factors for EP; STD's, previous EP and cigarette smoking. They also identify new risk factors: appendicectomy, induced ovulation cycle, and showed that the combined oestrogen/progestagen pill does not prevent ectopic pregnancy as effectively as it prevents intrauterine pregnancy.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1990

[Psychologic and social factors in low-back pain].

Psychological factors seem to play a major role in low-back pain, but unfortunately the definition of the so-called "functional" low-back pain is mainly negative, and the characteristics of its symptoms should be more precise. Disorders of personality and/or psychiatric disorders may be present, but they may be independent of the cause and presentation of the pain. One must therefore provide more details on the clinical picture for which the possible psychological disorders (depression, anxiety, pathomimicry, etc.) are held responsible. The alleged social factors seem to be due to an uncertain and not yet elucidated mechanism. Thus, a better methodological approach is needed in future, resting on validated diagnostic criteria of spinal and psychiatric diseases, in order to determine the role played by each organic, psychiatric and social element implicated in this complex pathology.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1989

[Critical review of the epidemiology of backache].

High frequency occurrence of back pain and the magnitude of its impact on society explain the large number of epidemiologic studies. Most investigators have considered back pain as a whole, without reference to different etiological types of back pain, probably for lack of an available classification of these types. Prevalence of back pain in general populations varies between 14 and 45% and annual incidence around 6%. Risk factors for low back pain are often social or cultural factors: smoking, driving, psychological stress. These factors seem to be far from the starting point of the disease process. Vagueness of case descriptions may explain in part the disappointing results of analytic surveys. Indistinctness of risk factors, especially workplace factors, is the principal reason for the poor results of intervention epidemiology: very few primary prevention programs and no educational programs ("low back school") have been shown to be really effective.

Back Pain↗
PubMed1989

[Detection of visna-maedi virus antibodies and antigens by immunoblotting].

The visna-maedi virus was immunologically diagnosed using an immunoblotting technique from an antigenic preparation of the visna-maedi virus K796 purified by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. After SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and transfer onto a nitrocellulose sheet, the immunoblotting procedure was adapted to the search for specific antibodies in ovine serum samples. The results obtained showed that, in the natural visna-maedi disease, antibodies are not systematically detectable against every viral protein of the virus core. We have demonstrated the existence of antibodies directed against the proteins coded by the gag and the pol genes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[HTLV-1 in France].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Deltaretrovirus Infections↗
PubMed1988

[Epidemiologic aspects of extrauterine pregnancy].

Looking over the last twenty years, the increase in the numbers of ectopic pregnancies has become an important health issue. It is necessary to find out the principal causes for the rise if preventive action is to be taken. Different publications have widely different views about the incidence of the condition and how the increase came about. This variation is due to the diversity of the places and of the different populations that have been studied (age, the way the populations were recruited) as well as the frequencies that have been calculated (according to the number of pregnancies, according to the number of deliveries or according to the number of women of reproductive age in a population). All the same, the trend can be noted. These are: the doubling or tripling in the last two decades of the incidence in industrialised countries. The results of certain epidemiological studies undertaken to seek out the risk factors (mainly based on case histories) have to be interpreted carefully because of the differences in methodology and particularly in the choice of control groups (there seems to be some failure to take into account confounding factors). The chief of the risk factors for extra-uterine pregnancy which are now considered important are the increase in sexually transmitted diseases and in particular in Chlamydia trachomatis. The role played by tubal sterilisation and by some contraceptive measures such as intra-uterine contraceptive device and the progestational mini-pill in the causation of extra-uterine pregnancy can be explained by the fact that these methods are better at preventing intra-uterine pregnancy than extra-uterine pregnancy, although they to diminish the risk of these as well. Furthermore, spontaneous abortions, abdominal surgery and, above all, terminations of pregnancy which had been said to be conductive to the causation of extra-uterine pregnancies, seem to do this by the fact that they are associated with pelvic inflammatory disease. Finally, the role of in vitro fertilisation, and of vaginal irrigation, as well as of nicotine, should be sought out when further studies are carried out.

Adolescent↗