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J Crighton

Publications and source records attributed to J Crighton.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Some descriptions of schizophrenia-like illness in the German literature of the early nineteenth century.

The situation of German psychiatry in the early nineteenth century is of interest as the specialty was developing in a society which was still largely non-industrial. Examination of the literature of the time allows, therefore, a testing of hypotheses concerning schizophrenia as a disease of industrial society. This study presents a number of descriptions of illness resembling schizophrenia derived from textbooks on mental illness and psychiatric journals from the period 1790-1830, as well as a fictional account in a novella by George Büchner dating from 1835. These descriptions suggest that schizophrenia did occur not uncommonly in pre-industrial Germany, and that the most detailed descriptions tended to come from non-specialist sources. The implications of this for the non-recognition of schizophrenia before Kraepelin's account of 1896 are discussed.

Germany↗
PubMed1980

Successful management of hepatic vein injury from blunt trauma in children.

In children, the majority of deaths from blunt trauma to the liver are caused by large stellate fractures of the posterolateral aspect of the right lobe of the liver with extension into the hepatic veins. Four children with such injuries were successfully treated. Hypotension and abdominal tenderness are not early manifestations of this highly lethal injury in children. When an appropriate mechanism for liver injury exists, paracentesis or peritoneal lavage, followed by prompt laparotomy for hemoperitoneum gives the best chance for early and successful treatment. Large cannulas in arm veins and cross matching for twice the patient's blood volume are used when there is a possibility of a liver injury. The important aspects of operative management are identification of the injury when the abdomen is first opened and prompt control of bleeding. The possibility of hepatic vein injury exists if the surgeon finds the coronary ligament disrupted by a large liver laceration of the posterolateral liver surface. Compressing the liver the diaphragm will usually control the bleeding while blood replacement is accomplished. The hepatic vein entrance into the inferior vena cava is then exposed using a median sternotomy, if necessary. Partial occlusion of the inferior vena cava can usually be safely done with this direct approach if the blood volume has been restored. Frequently valuable time and blood are lost if attemps are made to insert internal shunts.

Child↗