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Biomedical subjects

J D Harley

Publications and source records attributed to J D Harley.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

A prospective evaluation of oculoplethysmography and carotid phonoangiography.

With oculoplethysmography, conclusions are drawn regarding the state of internal carotid artery disease by measurements based upon pressure and flow in the eye, a location far removed from the site of the disease. Thus, many potential variables including ocular disease, vessel wall properties, intracranial atherosclerosis and collateral flow may affect the results. Although oculoplethysmography was quite accurate in detecting occlusion of the internal carotid artery, the identification of a high grade stenosis was much less precise. Furthermore, it could not distinguish between stenosis and occlusion, making angiography necessary for accurate diagnosis. In this study, oculoplethysmography, either alone or in combination with carotid phonoangiography, was not of sufficient accuracy to recommend its use as part of a noninvasive evaluation of carotid artery occlusive disease.

Angiography↗
PubMed1978

Eleven cases of sickle cell disease in Sydney.

Eleven cases of sickle cell disease within the Sydney area are described. Eight of these are of homozygous sickle cell anaemia, and three are of the sickle cell-thalassaemia disease. The racial origin is Lebanese Moslem in five cases, Greek from the mainland or Cyprus in four, and Portuguese, French, and Spanish in two sisters: consanguinity occurred in the latter family, and in three of the five Lebanese Moslem families. The age of patients at diagnosis ranged from five months to 22 years, and the clinical severity from very mild to very severe, with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. It is concluded that sickle cell disease is already a significant health problem within the Sydney area, and likely to increase in incidence with increasing migration from endemic zones.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Treatment and traumatic hemobilia with angiographic embolization.

Hemobilia is an uncommon but devastating complication of liver trauma. The recommended treatment is surgical resection of the involved liver lobe, but this is associated with high mortality and morbidity. An alternate treatment using emboli directed selectively into the involved hepatic artery was successful in obliterating the false aneurysm and eliminating the liver cavity. Since arteriography is generally performed during the diagnostic workup of such patients, embolization may provide a simple, safe, and effective treatment for hemobilia.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase variants: Gd (+) Alexandra associated with neonatal jaundice and Gd (-) Camperdown in a young man with lamellar cataracts.

Two male subjects are described, with unusual clinical presentations and with hitherto undescribed G6PD variants. The first, of Italian extraction, suffered from severe neonatal jaundice following maternal ingestion of fresh broad beans (Vicia fava) both prenatally and postnatally: the expression of the enzymatic defect was much more severe in the neonatal period than on retesting in adolescence, when biochemical characterization showed unique features which justify designation as a new variant Gd(+) Alexandra. The second patient, a boy of Maltese extraction who was found to have bilateral lamellar cataracts at the age of 4 years, was identified as G6PD deficient only as a result of a survey of children of Mediterranean origin with unexplained cataract formation; he has approximately 15% of normal enzyme activity, with another unique combination of biochemical characteristics which has led to its designation as Gd(-) Camperdown. Although this association may be coincidental, it prompts further attention to the possibility that under certain circumstances G6PD deficiency may favor cataract formation. The two cases illustrate the value of characterization of the mutant enzyme whenever unexpected clinical or laboratory results are obtained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Gastrocnemius muscle belly and tendon length in stroke patients and able-bodied persons.

Length changes of gastrocnemius muscle belly and tendon at different passive tensions and ranges of motion (ROM) were measured in 31 healthy persons and 15 hemiplegic patients with clinically demonstrated ankle joint plantar flexion (PF) contractures. Preliminary studies were done to obtain accurate determination of gastrocnemius muscle insertion and origin points on x-ray films, to calculate the magnification factor due to x-ray beam divergence and to measure the length changes in muscle belly by the use of a wire hook placed at the muscle-tendon junction. Our results revealed: (1) change in length at different passive tensions is in the muscle belly, not in the tendon, (2) in hemiplegic patients no statistical difference in elongational characteristics of affected gastrocnemius muscle bellies with clinically demonstrated ankle PF contractures and of the contralateral nonaffected muscle bellies, (3) spastic and flaccid gastrocnemius muscle bellies are not statistically different in respect to passive elongations, (4) gastrocnemius muscle bellies of both affected and nonaffected legs of hemiplegic patients were statistically different from the muscle bellies of healthy persons in regard to maximal ROM and maxinum muscle belly length changes, (5) there was approximately .5 mm change in the belly length for each degree of ankle ROM, (6) age is not a factor influencing passive elongation of muscle belly, (7) average muscle belly lengths were consistently shorter in hemiplegic muscles while their tendon lengths did not change. The enumerated findings suggest that the limitation of ankle ROM in spastic hemiplegic legs obtained by the standard clinical measurements technique represents a change in muscle belly rest length without a structural contracture of the muscle fibers.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A kindred with red cell pyruvate kinase deficiency.

A case is described of mild haemolytic anaemia in a female homozygous for pyruvate kinase deficiency, with 20% of normal enzyme activity and with the unexplained associations that she suffers from angina pectoris and that three of her children died in childhood from a muscular dystrophy presumed to be Werdnig-Hoffman disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Red blood cell glycolysis and potassium type in sheep.

Based on the observations made on human and dog red blood cells, it was recently proposed that the response of red cell glycolysis to variations in the levels of specific cations in an evolutionary adaptation in response to a specific cellular environment. We have now examined the effect of K+ and Na+ on the activity of pyruvate kinase (PK) in the red blood cells from 2 genetically different types of sheep high potassium (HK) and low potassium (LK). The results indicate that K+ stimulate glucose consumption and the activity of PK in both types of sheep. It thus appears that red cell PK from LK sheep does not fit into the concept of cellular environment and PK activity.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1977

Erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in anaemic sheep.

Experimental anaemia resulted in an increase of red cell 2,3-DPG from 0.11 micronM/g Hb to 0.99 micronM in haemoglobin A sheep and from 0.21 micronM in haemoglobin B sheep. Production of haemoblobin Cas a result of anaemia was confined to haemoblobin A only. The results, therefore, appear to suggest that the rise in 2,3-DPG in the red blood cells of different haemoblobin types is independent of haemoblobin C.

Anemia↗
PubMed1977

An anatomic-arthrographic study of the relationships of the lateral meniscus and the popliteus tendon.

The anatomy of the posterior lateral knee joint is studied through photography and radiography of plastic corrosion casts of the knee joint. The images thus obtained are compared to in vivo arthrograms. This anatomic-arthrographic correlation clearly demonstrates how the bursal extensions of the joint space about the popliteus tendon dictate the location and arthrographic appearance of the peripheral attachments of the posterior lateral meniscus. The casts also serve to illustrate a discussion of anatomic variation, embryology, and function of the popliteus apparatus. The largely unappreciated direct action of the popliteus muscle on the lateral meniscus is emphasized.

Cartilage, Articular↗
PubMed1976

In vitro metabolism of red blood cells from newborn and adult goats.

The erythrocytes of newborn and adult goats were studied with respect to GSH stability, GSH regeneration, levels of ATP and 2, 3-DPG, glucose consumption and activities of nine different enzymes of Embden-Meyerhof and pentose phosphate pathways of glucose metabolism. Red cells from newborn goats had significantly higher levels of ATP and 2, 3-DPG. The activities of all the enzymes measured were also significantly greater in the newborn. It is suggested that newborn goats possess red blood cells that are metabolically more active than those of adult goats.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗