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Biomedical subjects

J D James

Publications and source records attributed to J D James.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Results of a Division of Radiation Protection scrap yard exercise.

For years the Division of Radiation Protection (DRP) has participated in exercises, which are required by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to demonstrate our ability to deal with an accident at a nuclear power plant. These demonstrations are defined by objectives and are structured such that they offer little opportunity to practice for real-world radiological events in the exercise. Since real-world radiological incidents do occur throughout the year, this exercise was designed to be as realistic as possible. A scrap yard incident was chosen as the most probable type of event. The exercise was conducted on May 5 and 6, 1999.

Decontamination↗
PubMed1999

Influence of competitive adsorption on flocculation and rheology of high-pressure-treated milk protein-stabilized emulsions.

The effect of high-pressure treatment (HPT) on the droplet-size distribution and small-deformation rheology of oil-in-water emulsions containing beta-lactoglobulin and a nonionic surfactant or sodium caseinate has been investigated at neutral pH. Addition of Tween 20 (polyoxyethylenesorbitan monolaurate) to a beta-lactoglobulin-stabilized emulsion results in competitive displacement of the adsorbed globular protein film and, following HPT, the formation of a less flocculated emulsion. The age of the beta-lactoglobulin-stabilized emulsion prior to addition of sodium caseinate influences the competitive adsorption behavior. The strengthening of the beta-lactoglobulin layer with time makes it more resistant to disruption by sodium caseinate. The level of pressure-induced flocculation of beta-lactoglobulin-coated oil droplets depends on the intensity of processing conditions and on the degree of interfacial displacement. In contrast, beta-lactoglobulin added after emulsification appears to show little evidence of competitive adsorption behavior at the caseinate oil-water interface. Changes in the rheological properties of these latter systems following HPT can be attributed to pressure-induced denaturation and gelation of beta-lactoglobulin in the continuous phase of the emulsion.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1997

Comprehensive physical map of the Cydia pomonella granulovirus genome and sequence analysis of the granulin gene region.

A cloned strain of Cydia pomonella granulovirus, CpGV-M1, was obtained using successive rounds of an in vivo limiting dilution method. A detailed physical map of the genome was constructed using 11 restriction enzymes. The region containing the granulin gene and an open reading frame immediately upstream of the granulin gene was sequenced. This region showed a high degree of homology to the equivalent region from Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus with 98% amino acid identity for the granulins and 68% identity for the putative polypeptides encoded by the upstream ORFs. These latter polypeptides contained two zinc finger-like motifs and showed a low degree of homology to ME53 from Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV). Evidence is presented for a similar upstream ORF in Artogeia rapae GV also. Hybridization studies showed that the CpGV genome had a similar overall organization to the Artogeia rapae GV genome. Hybridization between CpGV and AcMNPV was limited to fragments spanning about 15% of each genome suggesting that very few genes are highly conserved between GVs and NPVs.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Preparation and characterization of an antibody specific to the rat dopamine D2 receptor.

Antibodies specific to the dopamine D2 receptor have been raised in rabbits using synthetic peptides. The resulting antiserum was sensitive to picogram quantities of peptide as measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay and was shown to have a 33% cross-reactivity with partially purified D2 receptor protein. No detectable cross-reactivity with similarly prepared fungal membranes was observed. D2 receptor preparations from normal rat pituitary cells were used in Western blot analysis. Bands of M(r) = 95,000 and 34,000 were detected in these preparations with a third faint band at 120,000. These correspond to the pituitary D2 receptor.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Microbiologic quality assurance for intravenous admixtures in a small hospital.

A simple, inexpensive method for end-product testing of intravenous admixtures for microbial contamination was developed and tested by challenging the system with low levels of microbial contamination. The 16-step procedure for testing i.v. admixtures for microbial contamination used total-sample membrane filtration A 0.2-micrometers Nalgene filter unit was used; the entire contents of randomly selected admixtures were to be filtered and discarded under the procedure. Filters were incubated on sheep-blood agar plates for 48 hours at 35 degrees C. Low concentrations (Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used to contaminate admixtures deliberately to challenge the system. Seventy-two solutions were contaminated with each microbe; 72 other solutions were inoculated with sterile 0.9% sodium chloride; and 72 uninoculated solutions served as controls. Filtration was performed on a laboratory bench to prevent contamination of the laminar-flow hood. In deliberately contaminated solutions, a mean of 82% of inoculated organisms was isolated by membrane filtration. Five instances of adventitious contamination were noted among the 288 samples; these occurred across all experimental groups. Cost per sample was $4-5. This system can be used by hospital pharmacists to produce documentation of quality assurance that will be acceptable in terms of cost, simplicity, and accuracy.

Drug Compounding↗
PubMed1978

Hemagglutination by simian rotavirus.

A simian rotavirus (SA-11) was shown to hemagglutinate human group "O" and guinea pig erythrocytes. The hemagglutinin appeared to be associated with the outer capsid of the SA-11 virus and was inhibited by specific hyperimmune anti-SA-11 guinea pig serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Ameloblastic fibroma--a case report.

A case of ameloblastic fibroma in a female Nigerian child aged 4 years is reported. The case is shown to present the main clinical and histological features described in similar cases. Two unusual findings are emphasised, namely the radiographical appearance of multilocular rather than the usual unilocular radiolucency and the great extent of bone erosion. Thorough curettage is advocated as the treatment of choice and careful follow-up is recommended.

Ameloblastoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Technical considerations in manual and instrument tying techniques.

The purpose of this study was to relate the two-hand (manual) and instrument tie techniques with the ultimate security of granny and square knots constructed in multifilament and monofilament nylon sutures. Instrument-tie technique constructed secure granny and square knots, which failed by breakage rather than slippage. Similarly, two-hand (manual) tie techniques constructed square knots, which achieved knot security, failing only by breakage. In contrast, knot security was not reliably achieved with granny knots constructed by the two-hand (manual) tie techniques, with the knots frequently failing by slippage.

Nylons↗