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Biomedical subjects

J D Jenkins

Publications and source records attributed to J D Jenkins.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Distribution of bony metastases in prostatic carcinoma.

Fifty-five prostate cancer and 55 breast cancer patients with positive bone scintigrams were studied. The pattern of spread in the axial skeleton and pelvis showed differences between the 2 groups. This difference was not related primarily to bone volume at the site of metastasis. The difference in distribution of bony metastases between breast and prostate is explained by our knowledge of Batson's vertebral venous plexus.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Acute urinary retention secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Effect of alpha-adrenergic blockade.

The alpha-adrenergic blocker phenoxybenzamine has been shown to be useful in the treatment of prostatism. To assess the place of phenoxybenzamine in the management of acute retention, 43 patients presenting with acute urinary retention secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia were catheterized suprapubically. They were then randomized to receive either oral phenoxybenzamine (10 mg b.i.d.; n = 21), or placebo tablets (n = 22). Forty-eight hours later, the bladder of each patient was filled through the catheter with 300 ml sterile saline, the catheter was clamped, and the patient encouraged to void. Only 2 of 21 (10%) patients receiving phenoxybenzamine and 3 of 22 (14%) receiving placebo were able to void satisfactorily (p = NS). In this study phenoxybenzamine had no place in the management of acute retention of urine secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Mode of interaction of phosphofructokinase with the erythrocyte membrane.

Phosphofructokinase is known to associate with the human erythrocyte membrane both in vitro and in vivo. Such association activates the enzyme in vitro by relieving the allosteric inhibition imposed by ATP (Karadsheh, N.S., and Uyeda, K. (1977) J. Biol. Chem. 252, 7418-7420). We now demonstrate that ADP, ATP, and NADH, all of which are known to bind to the enzyme's adenine nucleotide activation site, are particularly potent in eluting the enzyme from the membrane. In addition, both inside-out red cell membrane vesicles and a 23-kDa fragment containing the amino terminus of the membrane protein, band 3, cause a slow, partial, and reversible inactivation of phosphofructokinase. The dependence of the residual phosphofructokinase activity on phosphofructokinase concentration demonstrates that inactivation occurs through the dissociation of active tetramers to inactive dimers. Dimers of phosphofructokinase associate with the membrane more avidly than tetramers. The kinetics of phosphofructokinase inactivation are consistent with the dissociation of tetramers in solution followed by the binding of dimers to the membrane. There is no indication of an association equilibrium between tetramers and dimers of phosphofructokinase bound to the membrane. Taken together, these results suggest that the amino-terminal segment of band 3 binds to the adenine nucleotide activation site, which is thought to be located in a cleft between the dimeric subunits of phosphofructokinase. As a result, band 3 not only rapidly activates the phosphofructokinase tetramer but also slowly inactivates the enzyme by preferentially binding its dissociated subunits.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1984

Association of phosphofructokinase and aldolase with the membrane of the intact erythrocyte.

The binding of phosphofructokinase and aldolase to the membrane of the intact human erythrocyte was assessed by the rapid hemolysis/filtration method of Kliman and Steck (Kliman, H. J., and Steck, T. L. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255, 6314-6321). We found that about 50% of the phosphofructokinase was membrane-bound in fresh red cells prior to hemolysis. Binding was not significantly altered by deoxygenation. Approximately 40% of aldolase was membrane-associated in fresh red cells. In outdated, blood-banked red cells, aldolase was 73% membrane-bound while, following metabolic repletion, 40% of the enzyme was membrane-associated. These results support the hypothesis that certain glycolytic enzymes in the red cell are membrane-bound in a rapidly reversible and metabolically sensitive fashion.

Erythrocyte Membrane↗
PubMed1983

The place of the 99mTc-polyphosphonate bone scan in renal carcinoma.

Forty-two bone images carried out on 33 patients with renal carcinoma have been evaluated. The bone image seems more sensitive than conventional radiology in detecting bone secondaries, but covert metastases are unlikely in the patient presenting with purely urological symptoms.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Bladder neck incision--a treatment for retention with overflow in the absence of adenoma.

Twenty-five cases of outlet obstruction with decompensated bladders and minimal adenomatous enlargement were treated by transurethral bladder neck incision. The results showed that bladder neck incision was as effective as transurethral resection of bladder neck and prostate and was a useful operation, especially for the elderly uraemic patient. There were no complications and operating time was considerably less than that required for a formal transurethral resection. The operation should be reserved for cases of outflow obstruction with no or minimal adenomatous hyperplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Abacterial cystitis.

5 young male patients with all the symptoms and signs of genito-urinary tuberculosis but in whom no organism could be cultured from the urine are described. 4 of them rapidly responded to a course of tetracycline. Various organisms are suggested as a cause of this condition, and careful bacteriological investigation in the future might discover the cause.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Lumbar spondylosis and neuropathic bladder: investigation of 73 patients with chronic urinary symptoms.

Seventy-three patients presented with either chronic urinary symptoms such as incontinence, retention, and recurrent urinary infection or chronic low back pain and neurogenic claudication. Lumbar spondylosis was considered to be the major cause of the urological and skeletal symptoms; the diagnosis of a neuropathic bladder depended as much on features in the history as on the results of urological and neurological investigations. The preoperative demonstration of significant lumbar spondylosis was often difficult, but decompressive laminectomy in 34 patients produced relief of urinary symptoms and improvement in bladder function in 75%.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The painful prostate.

A clinical diagnosis of chronic prostatitis was made on 105 adult males who were subsequently admitted and investigated by Stamey localisation techniques, psychological questionnaires, urine flow studies, cysto-urethroscopy and prostatic biopsy or transurethral prostatectomy. From the Stamey localisation studies and cultures of the tissue obtained at transurethral prostatectomy a diagnosis of bacterial prostatitis was made in 50%, of which half were Staphylococcus albus and half were well recognised urinary pathogens. Other significant pathology was found in 25% and, particularly of note, were 2 patients who presented with chronic cystitis (biopsy negative) and subsequently developed carcinoma of the bladder. Also in this group were 5 unsuspected strictures and 5 patients with poor flow rates but normal endoscopy. Investigations in the remaining 25% were all negative except for a significantly higher incidence of neuroticism when compared with the other groups and controls.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1971

Renal sarcoma.

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Adult↗