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Biomedical subjects

J D Short

Publications and source records attributed to J D Short.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Psychological effects of stress from restructuring and reorganization. Assessment, intervention, and prevention strategies.

1. Demands from the economy, market competition, and the political arena have led to restructuring, reorganization, and change in the workplace. 2. Work behaviors indicative of stress are costly to organizations. 3. Strategies for intervention and prevention should be directed at both managers and workers and can result in cost savings for the organizations. 4. A collaborative approach in which occupational health nurses work with other services inside the organization, and with community organizations and services outside the organization, is important.

Burnout, Professional↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Profile of administrators of schools of nursing, Part I: Resources for goal achievement.

Part one of a two-part study was conducted with administrators of schools of nursing to determine the perceived importance of various resources in their goal achievement. The deans and directors of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing member schools were mailed a questionnaire that included the scale of Sources of Influence and sections on personal and career characteristics. A response rate of 73.5 per cent was obtained. The most important resource was communication skills; 99.1 per cent of the subjects indicated that this resource was highly important. The top resources also included interpersonal skills, creativity in thinking, ability to mobilize groups, and intellectual ability. The results were remarkably similar to earlier studies that used different subject groups. Similarities in the rankings were noted in the top-ranked resources as well as the lower-ranked personal traits, work or professional organization positions, and mentoring. The resources that are of a supportive or prescribed nature appeared to be less important than the resources that can be controlled and developed. For nurse administrators, particular emphasis should be placed on the development and enhancement of communication skills and the other thinking and relating types of skills.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Profile of administrators of schools of nursing, Part II: Mentoring relationships and influence activities.

Part two of a two-part study was conducted to obtain data on the influence activities and mentoring relationships of administrators of schools of nursing. The deans and directors of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing member schools were mailed a questionnaire that included sections on the above topics incorporated from Vance's questionnaire and a scale for rating mentoring functions. A response rate of 73.5 per cent was obtained. A majority of the subjects had entry-level preparation at the baccalaureate level and had obtained a doctorate. Despite a majority of the subjects reporting involvement in mentoring relationships, the percentage of those having a mentor while in the dean or director position was only 27 per cent. The positions of the mentors were most often supervisors from the academic area. A Student's t test determined that psychosocial functions of a mentoring relationship were more important than career functions, although both functions had a relatively high mean score. The subjects also reported involvement in a variety of professional activities of influence, such as publishing, presenting, consulting, and conducting research. The suggestion was made that perhaps multiple mentors and other avenues may be needed to prepare for the scholarly, professional, and administrative expectations of the role.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

State of the art of nursing research and theory development in adolescent health.

A literature review was conducted to ascertain the state of the art of nursing research and theory development in adolescent health. A conceptual framework and data collection tool were developed to guide evaluation of the research reports. Adolescent health literature reported within the past 10 years (June 1982 to June 1992) was reviewed. Of 124 adolescent health articles identified in literature searches, 46.0% (n = 57) met inclusion criteria and were included in the literature review. A developmental approach, which included the purposes of theory and research (Chinn & Jacobs, 1987), was used to determine the state of the art of nursing research and theory development. Nursing research and theory development in adolescent health were determined to be at a level between adolescence and young adulthood, reflecting beginning maturity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interdependence needs and nursing care of the new family.

A pilot study based on the interdependence mode of the Roy adaptation model was conducted to evaluate interdependence needs in the new family. The interdependence mode consists of giving and receiving behaviors in the categories of significant other, support systems (friendships), support systems (extended family), and a person's experience of feeling alone. A questionnaire addressing these categories was administered to 10 newly delivered mothers on a family-centered maternity unit. The lower mean scores for the categories of extended family and feeling alone suggest the need for further evaluation in these categories. A foundation was laid for further study of interdependence needs and family nursing, but more research using larger, random samples is needed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗