BACKGROUND: Previous studies show sex-related differences in left ventricular (LV) response to exercise. It is not clear, however, whether these differences are also seen in younger healthy subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study examined the changes in LV performance during dynamic upright exercise in 11 healthy men and 19 healthy young women according to the Bruce protocol and an individualized ramp protocol. There were no significant differences between the two protocols for either men or women in heart rate, blood pressure, LV ejection fraction (EF) (measured by ambulatory nuclear detector), and measured oxygen consumption. The peak oxygen consumption was higher in men than in women (44 +/- 13 vs 36 +/- 9 ml/kg/min; p < 0.05), but the peak heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and EF were similar. The change in EF (from rest to exercise) was 19% +/- 8% in men and 19% +/- 11% in women with the Bruce protocol (difference not significant) and 26% +/- 9% in men and 19% +/- 6% in women with the ramp protocol (difference not significant). At peak exercise, both men and women showed an increase in end-diastolic volume (29% +/- 14% vs 23% +/- 11%; difference not significant) and a decrease in end-systolic volume (41% +/- 15% vs 43% +/- 21%) (difference not significant). The increase in cardiac output during exercise was due to an increase in heart rate and stroke volume in both men and women. At submaximal exercise, however, the decrease in end-systolic volume was less in women than in men (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There are no sex-related differences in compensatory mechanism during dynamic exercise in healthy subjects. The changes in contractility and LV volume are not affected by the exercise protocol.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Partial denture technique. 7.--Sectional dentures.

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Dental Abutments↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Measurement of misfit at the implant-prosthesis interface: an experimental method using a coordinate measuring machine.

Measurement of misfit at the implant-prosthesis interface is a difficult procedure. One factor common to all methods that attempt to measure 3-dimensional distortion to the micron level is the difficulty in providing verifiably consistent reference points between individual measurement sets. Consequently, the majority of studies use a relative distortion model in which the coordinate reference system is integral to the framework, thus limiting the value of the data gathered. In the method described, the datum plane and the coordinate reference system were set up external to the framework and could be re-established between measurement sets in a verifiable manner.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗

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Effects of electrobrightening on the fit surface of cobalt-chromium RPD frameworks.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare 3 different electrobrightening techniques and 3 electrolytic solutions in their effects upon the fit surface of cast cobalt-chromium frameworks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty cast cobalt-chromium frameworks, which were subsequently divided into batches of 10, were prepared according to a standard protocol. Three electrobrightening techniques were tested initially using a single brand of electrolyte (Croform) and a batch of 10 frameworks per technique. The loss of metal by weight was determined from the fit surface of each casting. The least corrosive technique of these 3 was used again with 2 other brands of electrolyte (Nobilium and E501) in a repetition of the protocol. The fit surfaces of 8 random samples cut from each batch of electrobrightened castings were viewed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS: Statistical analysis applying a one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni's multiple comparison of means test demonstrated that one immersion of the framework for 10 minutes at 1 amp when used in conjunction with Nobilium electrolyte removed the least metal (P = 0.001). The SEM study suggested that the Nobilium electrolyte also produced the smoothest surface. CONCLUSION: Electrobrightening techniques affect the amount of metal removed, and the electrolytic solution used influences the resultant surface.

Analysis of Variance↗

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Effects of an immersion disinfection regime on rigid impression materials.

This laboratory study investigated the dimensional stability and surface detail reproduction of rigid impression materials after a 20-minute immersion in 2% ID 210 solution. The chemical disinfectant and regime of use appear to be compatible with the impression materials tested. The dyed disinfectant not only penetrated into impression plaster but also diffused into stone casts poured against such impressions.

Dental Impression Materials↗