Assignment of the DMRT1 gene to tammar wallaby chromosome 3p by fluorescence in situ hybridization.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
J Deakin
Publications and source records attributed to J Deakin.
cDNA cloning of growth hormone from the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula).
The full-length nucleotide sequence for the cDNA of growth hormone (GH) from the marsupial brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) was determined using reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the 5'/3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique. Sequence information showed that the possum GH cDNA was 831 base pairs (bp) in length, including the 5'untranslated region (60 bp), the signal peptide (75 bp), the mature protein (573 bp, including stop codon), and the 3' untranslated region (123 bp). At both the nucleotide and the amino acid level (deduced from nucleotide sequence), there was a high degree of sequence identity with pig and horse. These species were similar at 82.8 and 83.0% of bases at the nucleotide level and 91.6 and 91.1% at the amino acid level, respectively. Northern analysis showed that GH mRNA is present in the pituitary gland and was similar in size to that seen in other mammals (approximately equal to 0.9 kb). Analysis of molecular evolution of GH in the possum indicated that the rate of evolution is relatively slow (0.4 substitutions/ amino acid site/year x 10(9) and typical of that seen for nonprimate mammals, which exhibit rates ranging between 0.2 and 1.3 substitutions/amino acid site/year x 10(9).
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Development of factor-score-based models to explain and predict maximal box-lifting performance.
The objectives of the study were threefold: (1) to develop factor-score-based models to predict maximum mass on a box-lifting task using multiple regressions; (2) to compare predictive and explanatory powers of factor-score-based models to models derived from data-level variables; and (3) to apply these findings to ergonomic research and practical problem-solving situations. Forty-eight volunteers (25 women and 23 men) completed a maximal box-lifting task and a maximal isoinertial lifting test on an Incremental Lifting Machine (ILM). Dynamic data collected during isoinertial testing were summarized into 32 lift parameters, and then subjected to principal components analyses using the 'FACTOR PROCEDURE' from the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). Factor scores were calculated for each participant on each of the four factors comprising the final solution, and multiple regression equations for men, women and combined data were generated using the 'GENERAL LINEAR MODELS' procedure from SAS. Results revealed that prediction of box-lifting performance was optimized when regression equations were developed using numerous data-level variables as predictors, i.e., all 32 lift parameters and ILM mass. In comparison, explanation was enhanced but predictive capabilities were reduced when linear models were formed using ILM mass and the factor scores derived from analyses of isoinertial lifting. The use of variables loading on the factors gave slightly increased predictive power than did the factor-score-based models. Similar trends in predictive and explanatory powers appeared when the data were analysed according to gender. Ergonomic applications of factor-score-based models were discussed with regard to ongoing research as well as to practical problem-solving situations. It was concluded that the advantages and usefulness of factor-score-based models warranted their inclusion in future investigations of lifting performance.
Adult↗
The effect of lifting protocol on comparisons with isoinertial lifting performance.
The purpose of the study was threefold: (1) to determine if protocol constraints affected scores on a box-lifting task; (2) to identify any differences in impact of protocol changes on male and female scores; and (3) to determine if these protocol changes affected correlations between maximal box-lifting scores and maximal scores obtained on isoinertial lifting tests. Two hundred and sixty nine participants (143 males and 126 females) completed maximal isoinertial lifting tests to 1.50 m and 1.80 m using a constrained protocol on an Incremental Lifting Machine (ILM). Participants were divided into three samples for completion of a maximal box-lifting task, with each sample using one of the following task protocols: (1) set style; (2) free style; and (3) ergonomically redesigned. Statistical analyses using general linear models procedures revealed that changes in protocol constraints significantly affected scores on lifting tasks. Removal of protocol constraints resulted in greater percentage increases in task scores for females than for males. Furthermore, disparate patterns between genders in task-test correlations were observed. It was concluded that the ILM was unable to predict female lifting capabilities accurately using any of the three protocols.
Anthropometry↗