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Biomedical subjects

J Delage

Publications and source records attributed to J Delage.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Critical study of methods for the diagnosis of allergic asthma].

A search for an allergic cause in asthma is fundamental to the diagnosis. Typically it is based on: A clinical history. Specific cutaneous and inhaled provocation tests which can produce a possible reaction (early and delayed) which are of great pathophysiological and therapeutic interest. In vitro tests (which enable the different phases of the allergic reaction to be distinguished) to know the serum IgE antibody levels (total IgE, specific IgE and their fixation to cell receptors) cell tests on the degranulation of basophils and the dosage of chemical mediators: histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, P.A.F. in the serum or in the bronchial alveolar lavage liquid, from the study of cells or tissue samples. In this regard the authors stress two recent techniques enabling direct access to bronchial tissue and the pulmonary parenchyma, which are bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial biopsy, both are possible today by using a fibroscope. The broncho-alveolar lavage still remains in the research area, and is not always well tolerated in asthmatics. It already allows a better definition of the major allergic cytological and biochemical components in asthma (IgE, IgA, albumin, phospholipids, mast cells and eosinophils). Bronchial biopsies with ultra-structural studies, and above all immunopathology (by immunofluorescent techniques and peroxidase stains) enable groups of asthmatics to be uncovered who were considered as non-allergic by the unsuspected intervention of hypersensitivity mechanisms to IgE (the presence of cells carrying IgE); these biopsies enable the importance of inflammatory factors to be confirmed and equally to establish the prognosis in certain asthmatics by the degree of irreversibility of the lesions (fibronectin).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Asthma↗
PubMed1985

[Tissue immunopathology methods for the diagnosis of bronchopulmonary diseases].

The authors draw attention to the diagnostic value of tissue immunopathology methods in numerous bronchopulmonary diseases. Having emphasized the strict technical requirements and difficulties of these methods--all obstacles that are necessary for an accurate evaluation of the lesion--they use concrete examples to demonstrate the usefulness of extra-thoracic, skin or muscle biopsies to diagnose some systemic diseases, such as lupus erythematosus or Churg and Strauss syndrome. They also refer to bronchial biopsies which provide information on the aetiology and pathogeny of adult asthma, and to the prognostic and therapeutic value of collagen studies in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[The contribution of ultrastructural analysis to the diagnosis of bronchoalveolar cancers].

The authors discuss comprehensive observations on three cases of broncho-alveolar cell carcinoma covering different anatomo-clinical aspects. The first case was diffuse and characterised radiologically by soft nodular shadows bilaterally, the second had lobar opacities and in the third the tumour was locally limited. Histological study showed two cellular types, in variable proportion according to the case, namely 1. mucus cells and 2. cells containing rounded osmiophilic secretory granules, identified on ultra-structure as Clara cells. In the diffuse form mucus cells predominated. They were absent in the third case where the tumour consisted solely of Clara cells. Thus, the Clara cell seemed to be the characteristic cell of alveolar cell carcinoma. Alveolar cell carcinoma can be diagnosed today by fibre-optic bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy and it is fundamental to arrive at a precise cellular diagnosis, which can only be achieved by ultra-structural studies.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed1983

[Bronchiolar cells of the human fetal lung from 15 to 26 weeks of gestation].

The authors report an ultrastructural study about the human fetal bronchiole from seven human fetus which gestational age extend from fifteen to twenty-six weeks. It follows a precedent report concerning the pulmonary acinus. It is thus possible to definite the happening date of the different cellular populations of the bronchiolar layer, their morphology, their distribution, and their differentiation modalities. All those cells have the same endodermal origin from the undifferentiated columnar cell. From the fifteenth week, the three main cellular patterns with a full differentiated aspect are present: ciliated cell, Clara cell, and neurosecretory cell and as a fourth type: the intermediary aspect cell; but the undifferentiated columnar cell is still predominant. From the nineteenth week, those four cellular patterns are predominant. At last, the connection between alveolar and bronchiolar layers is studied at the bronchiolo-alveolar junction. From those data and the literature, the authors consider the bronchiolo-alveolar renewal, in which they think that the Clara cell and/ or an immediate precursor could take a leading part.

Female↗
PubMed1983

[Electron microscopy study of the development of the pulmonary alveolus in the human fetus].

An ultrastructural study of distal human fetal lung between the fifteenth and nineteenth weeks of gestation is performed. All the cells of the epithelial lining layer have an endodermal origin and are provided by one cellular pattern: the columnar undifferentiated cell. From nineteenth week of gestation a differentiation into alveolar et bronchiolar ways is observed. Inside cells which are in type II pneumonocyte differentiation, cytoplasmic modifications has been observed. These modifications can agree with lamellar inclusion bodies precursors. Otherwise, respective part of type II pneumonocytes and Clara cells, in surfactant synthesis is discussed, as well as the chronological link connecting between them the precursors of the lamellar inclusions bodies, and the mode of renewal of alveolar cells.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1981

Eosinophilic fasciitis. Ultrastructural study of an early biopsied case.

A 55-year-old women with eosinophilic fasciitis was biopsied 8 weeks after the onset of her illness. Under the electron microscope the changes were almost exclusively located in the fascia with many active fibroblasts, accumulation of protocollagen fibrils (10-50 A diameter), elastic fibre remodelling and numerous degranulating mast cells. The inflammatory infiltrate was dense and mostly composed of lymphocytes and plasma cells, with 16% eosinophils. The connective tissue changes may be part of a healing process following microinjury of the fascia. However, large numbers of lymphocytes and plasma cells are unusual in the healing process and are more common in the cellular reaction of morphea. Nevertheless, the absence of macrophages in subcutaneous fat, together with large number of eosinophils in the fascia may be considered to be distinctive features of eosinophilic fasciitis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1978

[Fiberscopic transbronchial lung biopsy. Study of 100 cases].

The authors report their experience of 100 transbronchial pulmonary biopsies done during fibroscopy. The technique is easy; patients with respiratory insufficiency or bullous lesions are excluded. Biopsy is done blindly, without any brillance amplifier. A hundred biopsies were performed (34 in limited opacities, 66 in diffuse images). Pulmonary parenchyma was brought out in 77% of cases and a histological diagnosis was made in 52% of cases. Two pneumothorax and 5 minor hemoptysis occured as sequellae of these biopsies. This method of study is interesting mainly for alveolar or interstitial diffuse pneumopathies. In such cases, it represents a real improvement over the bronchial biopsy, often avoiding the need for a surgical biopsy.

Biopsy↗