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J Dillner

Publications and source records attributed to J Dillner.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

A two-site enzyme immunoassay for quantitation of human papillomavirus type 16 particles.

A group of human papillomaviruses (HPV), in particular HPV type 16, are the major cause of anogenital dysplasias, which are precursors of anogenital cancer. The mode of transmission, extent of infectivity and natural history of infection are incompletely understood because methods to quantify shedding of viral particles have not been available. A two-site ELISA was developed to detect and quantify HPV-16 particles. Rabbits and guinea pigs were immunized with a series of peptides from the L1 and L2 capsid proteins of HPV-16. Among rabbit antipeptide sera tested for use as capture antibodies, only sera against one peptide bound detectable amounts of virus. Guinea pig antisera against several peptides were used as reporter antibodies to detect bound virus particles. If antisera against the same peptide were used both as capture antibody and reporter antibody, only intact particles were detected. Disrupted particles were quantified using antibodies against one L1 peptide as capture antibody and antibodies against other L1 peptides as reporter antibody. The lowest detectable amount of virus was 3 ng (0.06 micrograms/ml). There was no detectable cross-reaction with HPV type 6 or 11. The assay could be used both with cervical swabs in several common sample collection buffers and with surgical material solubilized in NP40-containing extraction buffers. Among 15 surgically removed condyloma acuminata, only 1 specimen was found to contain HPV-16 particles, at a concentration of 375 ng/ml (1.1 micrograms/specimen). Among 29 cervical swab samples from patients with koilocytotic atypia, 9 samples were found to contain virus. The results indicate that this assay is useful for large-scale studies on shedding of HPV particles.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

HLA-A0201 and HLA-B7 binding peptides in the EBV-encoded EBNA-1, EBNA-2 and BZLF-1 proteins detected in the MHC class I stabilization assay. Low proportion of binding motifs for several HLA class I alleles in EBNA-1.

B lymphocytes immortalized with EBV in vitro, lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL), express eight EBV-encoded proteins, EBV nuclear antigens -1 to -6 (EBNA-1 to -6), and latent membrane proteins 1 and 2 (LMP 1 and 2). After appropriate stimulations of blood lymphocytes from seropositive individuals, MHC-restricted cytotoxic T cells (CTL), which lyse LCL cells, can be generated in vitro. Such CTLs can recognize EBNA-2 to -6, and LMP 1 and 2, but not EBNA-1-derived peptides presented on the cell surfaces. We posed the question whether this exceptional feature of EBNA-1 is due to lack of MHC class I binding peptides. A computer search for 11 human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles showed that EBNA-1 has a lower number and lower proportion of relevant binding motifs to several alleles than EBNA-2 to -6 and LMP 1 and 2. The low motif numbers in EBNA-1 is in line with its apparent failure to generate a CTL response, and it may be the consequence of immunoselection allowing the existence of EBV genome-carrying B cells in the immunocompetent hosts. The binding capacities of synthetic peptides of EBNA-1 and -2 and of the immediate early lytic cycle protein BZLF-1 to HLA-A0201 (A2) and HLA-B7 molecules were tested in an MHC stabilization assay. The peptide transporter-deficient T2 line, which expresses a low level of HLA-A2 and its HLA-B7 transfectant subline, were used for this purpose because specifically bound peptides elevate the surface expression of these MHC molecules. Of five synthetic nonamer EBNA-1 peptides which include the relevant binding motif, four bound to A2. In a series of 20-amino acid-long overlapping EBNA-1 peptides none showed binding to A2, while eight peptides bound to B7. Two 20-amino acid-long EBNA-2 and seven BZLF-1 peptides were identified as A2 binders, and four EBNA-2 and eight BZLF-1 peptides bound to B7. Thus, we have exclude the possibility that the inability of the EBNA-1 protein to generate HLA-restricted CTLs could be due to the lack of HLA class I binding peptides in its sequence. The finding that several EBNA-1 peptides could bind to these two HLa molecules does not, however, necessarily reflect the natural situation because the peptides may not be processed and/or transported to the cell surfaces. We have stimulated lymphocytes of healthy donors with relevant HLA types with the autologous LCL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Alleles↗
PubMed1995

Identification of human papillomavirus seroconversions.

The temporal relationship between primary genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and the induction of antibodies against viral antigens has not been established. In order to address this question we studied a cohort of 110 women and 48 men with multiple heterosexual partners, who were followed for 220 person-years during which they made 583 visits to the sexually transmitted diseases clinic of the Amsterdam Public Health Service. At each visit spatula or brush samples from multiple anogenital and oral sites were collected for HPV DNA analysis by PCR. Serum samples were also collected and analysed for serological reactivity to peptides derived from the L1, L2 and E2 regions of HPV types 6, 16 and 18 as well as to bovine papillomavirus and HPV-16 virus-like particles. Seroconversions for at least three antigens were found among 16/158 patients. Of these, 10/16 were HPV-positive and in 5/16 cases seroconversions occurred concomitantly with the detection of HPV DNA. Analysis of participants who were HPV-negative at entry, but became HPV DNA-positive during follow-up revealed that antibodies against several HPV antigens were regularly induced at the time of a new HPV infection, in particular the IgG responses against HPV-16 virus-like particles and against the HPV-16 E2-derived peptide 245. Whereas the responses induced among the women with new HPV-16 infection tended to continuously increase, the responses among the men with any type of new HPV infection were mostly transient and disappeared during follow-up. In conclusion, we find that antibody responses to multiple viral antigens are often induced following the detection of genital HPV infection, that the type-specificity of the response is limited and that transient responses are common.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Human papillomavirus type 16 capsids expose multiple type-restricted and type-common antigenic epitopes.

The study of viral infectivity and detection of viral capsid antigens of the major cervical cancer-associated human papillomavirus (HPV) type, HPV-16, requires knowledge of which epitopes are exposed in clinical specimens of infected tissue or on intact capsids. To define the antigenic epitopes of HPV-16, antisera to 66 overlapping synthetic peptides corresponding to the HPV-16 capsid proteins L1 and L2 and to seven peptide analogues were tested in immunoperoxidase stainings of consecutive sections from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded HPV infected tissue. Antisera against eleven different peptides from L1 and against seven different peptides from L2 recognized the HPV capsid antigen. Most epitopes were only found on the capsid antigen of certain genital HPV types, but four antigenic epitopes in L1 were detectable also in cutaneous wart specimens. All antigenic epitopes in L2 were restricted to genital HPV types and four L2 epitopes were only detectable in HPV-16 or HPV-33 positive specimens. The surface exposure of the antigenic epitopes was investigated by comparing the reactivity of the antipeptide antisera with intact or disrupted virions or capsids of HPV-11, HPV-16 and bovine papillomavirus (BPV). Twenty antipeptide sera from L1 and seven antipeptide sera from L2 were reactive with intact HPV-16 capsids at titres up to 1:146,000. Sixteen of these antisera were also reactive with disrupted HPV-16 capsids. Cross-reactivity with disrupted HPV-11 and BPV was detected for eleven and six antisera, respectively, whereas intact HPV-11 or BPV virions showed only weak cross-reactivity. In conclusion, the HPV-16 L1 and L2 capsid proteins contained multiple antigenic epitopes, most of which were shared with one or several additional HPV types.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

The disease associations of the antibody response against the Epstein-Barr virus transactivator protein ZEBRA can be separated into different epitopes.

The BamHI-Z-encoded Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) replication activator (ZEBRA) is a key mediator of the switch from latency to productive cycle in EBV virus. Antibodies against ZEBRA are a marker of EBV reactivation and are regularly found among patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) or nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but are only rarely found among healthy EBV-seropositive donors. In order to define the serologically reactive epitopes in the ZEBRA protein, we synthesized a set of overlapping peptides and tested them for reactivity with serum samples from EBV-seronegative persons, patients with NPC, IM, chronic fatigue syndrome, lymphoma or from healthy donors. Three major EBV-specific epitopes were found. These epitopes were further defined and optimized using substitution or truncation analogues of the peptides. Reactivity with epitope number 22 was found in 63% of NPC patients' sera, with < 2% of healthy donors' sera being positive. Serological reactivity with epitope number 19 was associated with IM (57% positive, 5% healthy donors positive). Serum antibodies against epitope 1 were found among healthy donors, but were significantly elevated among patients with NPC, IM or lymphomas. In conclusion, different serologically reactive epitopes in the ZEBRA protein associate with different EBV-associated diseases.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1994

Enzyme immunoassay detection of induction of MHC class I expression by synthetic peptides from the E6 and E7 regions of human papillomavirus type 16.

Viral antigens are presented to cytotoxic T cells (CTL) in the form of endogenously processed peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. A variety of different methods for measuring the ability of peptides to bind to MHC class I have been described. Several of these methods use the murine lymphoma mutant cell line RMA-S, which has a peptide loading defect resulting in a low expression of surface class I molecules that can be upregulated if a synthetic binding peptide with class I binding ability is added to the culture medium. In order to be able to screen for peptides with MHC class I binding ability, we developed an enzyme immunoassay for quantitation of MHC class I expression on RMA-S cells. 107 synthetic peptides derived from the E6 and E7 regions of human papillomavirus type 16 were screened for ability to upregulate class I expression of Kb or Db alleles. At a concentration of about 300 microM, 9/107 peptides were found to restore expression of Db to equal or greater levels than found in the RMA-S parental cell line RMA, while 35/107 peptides were able to partially restore Db expression. For Kb, 16/107 peptides were able to restore expression and 40/107 peptides induced partial upregulation. Titration experiments showed that upregulation of class I expression by these peptides was dependent on a high peptide concentration, since consistent upregulation could in no case be detected at concentrations below 10 microM. The class I binding peptides identified in the present study may be useful in the study of the CTL response to HPV in mouse model systems. The enzyme immunoassay used could facilitate the rapid search for class I binding peptides.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

A population-based seroepidemiological study of cervical cancer.

The epidemiology of cervical cancer indicates the presence of a sexually transmitted risk factor, attributable at least in part to infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 or 18. We performed a seroepidemiological study of HPV and cervical cancer in the counties of Västerbotten and Norrbotten in Northern Sweden, a low-risk area for cervical cancer. Sera from 94 cases of incident cervical cancer were matched against 188 age- and sex-matched controls derived from a population-based blood bank. IgG and IgA antibodies were measured against a panel of 12 antigens derived from HPV types 6, 11, 16, or 18, as well as against Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, Chlamydia trachomatis, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and bovine papillomavirus. Significantly increased relative risks (RRs) were found for IgG to HPV 16- or 18-derived antigens from the L1 (RR = 3.1), E2 (RRs = 2.8 and 9.2), and E7 (RRs = 3.8 and 2.7) open reading frames and for IgA to HPV 16-derived antigens from the E2 (RR = 3.3) and E6 (RR = 2.7) open reading frames. The highest RR (9.2, confidence intervals 4.4-19.4) was associated with IgG to an HPV 18 E2 antigen. Antibodies against cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus type 2, Epstein-Barr virus, or bovine papillomavirus were, on their own, not significantly associated with cervical cancer, but seropositivity against multiple infections was associated with a successively increased relative risk. An increased risk was also found for IgG to Chlamydia trachomatis (RR = 1.7, confidence interval = 1.0-2.7). The results indicate that several HPV antibodies are strongly associated with cervical cancer, providing further seroepidemiological support for an etiological role of HPV in cervical cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A seroepidemiologic study of HPV infection and incident cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions.

The seroepidemiology of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) and incident cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) was studied in subjects selected from a large cohort monitored for the development of SIL. Serum IgG and IgA responses to 10 epitopes derived from HPV were measured in 21 incident cases of SIL and 56 matched controls. Cases showed elevated antibody (i.e., IgG and/or IgA) seroprevalence to 245:16, a peptide antigen derived from the E2 open reading frame of HPV 16 (OR = 5.76; 95% CI: 1.24, 26.81). The type of HPV DNA detected in cervical lavage specimens had no effect on this relationship. Multivariate analysis also showed that IgG to 245:6, an analogous peptide derived from HPV 6, was negatively associated with SIL (OR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.77). No other antibody responses tested were associated with SIL. Furthermore, no antibody responses were positively associated with detection of HPV DNA in women without SIL. We conclude that incident SIL is positively associated with antibody to an epitope derived from the E2 region of HPV 16, and negatively associated with antibody to an analogous peptide derived from HPV 6. The seroepidemiology of incident SIL appears different from that of cervical HPV infection in the absence of SIL.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A prospective study of antibody responses to defined epitopes of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 in relationship to genital and anorectal presence of HPV DNA.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether antibody responses against synthetic peptides derived from genital human papillomavirus (HPV) proteins are associated with laboratory-proven genital and anorectal HPV infection. In this study, 158 heterosexual patients (110 women and 48 men) were followed prospectively. At each visit we collected serum samples as well as specimens from several sites in the anogenital area for detection of HPV type 6/11 (HPV-6/11), -16, -18, and -33 DNAs by PCR. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG responses against disrupted bovine papilloma virions and eight different synthetic peptides derived from HPV-6/11, -16, and -18 were determined for serum samples from the first and the last visits. The subjects attended the Municipal Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, two to seven times (mean, four times) at approximately 4-month intervals. Women were monitored over a period of 155 person-years, and men were monitored over 65 person-years. The magnitudes of the IgA responses against HPV-16 late protein epitopes L1:13, L1:31, and L2:49 were significantly higher in the sera from the last visit among the currently HPV DNA-positive participants than in HPV DNA-negative persons (P = 0.02). When the persons positive for any HPV type at any time during the follow-up period were compared with those who were negative at all times during the follow-up period, we also found a significant elevation of IgA responses against L1:31 and L2:49 (P = 0.04 and 0.01, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Scanning the structure and antigenicity of HPV-16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins using antipeptide antibodies.

The structure and antigenicity of the HPV-16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins was studied using a set of antisera against overlapping synthetic peptides. We report that antigenic, mobile regions of the native proteins, as defined by reactivity with antipeptide antisera, occur at the N-termini of both E6 and E7 proteins, corresponding to regions of known or suspected protein-protein interactions. The putative zinc finger domains were consistently non-reactive, despite computer predictions of relatively high antigenicity, suggesting that the proposed zinc finger regions are held in stable secondary structures that the peptides were not able to mimic. In E6, the linker region between the two zinc fingers was antigenic, indicating that the two zinc finger structures might be able to articulate relative to one another by a flexible linker region. The highly antigenic N-terminal region of HPV-16 E7 was also found to be antigenic in E7 of both HPV-11 and HPV-18, indicating that the E7 proteins of different HPV types have similar antigenic structures. The identification of antigenic regions of the E6 and E7 proteins should be therefore be useful in the design of site-directed antibodies against E6 and E7 for numerous HPV types.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Isolation, partial characterization, and molecular cloning of a human colon adenocarcinoma cell-surface glycoprotein recognized by the C215 mouse monoclonal antibody.

The monoclonal antibody C215 (IgG2a) was obtained by the immunization of BALB/c mice with the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line COLO 205 and used in the targeting of colorectal carcinomas. The partial characterization and purification of the C215 target molecule from solubilized COLO 205 membranes indicated that it is an integral membrane glycoprotein of the non-mucin type. The denatured antigen appeared as a major 40-kDa form in Western blots after SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and migrated as a monomeric 36-kDa species after the reductive cleavage of intramolecular disulfide bridges. Using a five-step procedure, the antigen was purified 4,300-fold from COLO 205 tumors raised in nude mice to a homogeneity of 95% when assessed by capillary electrophoresis. Removal of N-linked carbohydrate by peptide:N-glycosidase treatment did not affect the visualization of the purified antigen in immunoblots but resulted in a faster migration in the SDS gels. The amino acid sequence was partially determined. Seventeen contiguous NH2-terminal amino acids were identified and coincided exactly with residues 82-98 of the GA733-2 protein cloned by Szala et al. (Szala, S., Froehlich, M., Scollon, M., Kasai, Y., Steplewske, Z., Koprowski, H., and Linnenback, A. J. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87, 3542-3546). Therefore, the predicted amino acid sequence of this protein was used to prepare overlapping synthetic peptides that cover the entire extracellular domain in order to identify the C215 epitope. A likely epitope, close to the NH2 terminus and corresponding to the first distinct hydrophilic stretch after the putative signal sequence, was identified in a peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Moreover, GA733-2 cDNA was used for the cloning of the C215 protein from COLO 205 cells and the subsequent transfection to K36.16 mouse T cell leukemia cells. The transfected cells were C215 reactive in fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis, and a 42 kDa band was visualized in Western blots under both non-reducing and reducing conditions. Our findings indicate a close relationship between the C215 antigen and other members of the GA-733 family, some of which are currently being used as targets in clinical trials with monoclonal antibodies. The mammalian expression system described here will enable further studies into the biological role of this protein and the construction of animal models in order to develop optimal therapeutic strategies.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Molecular and serological studies of human papillomavirus among patients with anal epidermoid carcinoma.

Certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are associated with anogenital carcinomas, including carcinomas of the anal canal. Whereas several serological studies have found an association between papillomavirus antibody responses and cervical carcinoma, the antibody response against papillomavirus antigens among patients with anal carcinoma has not been investigated. The present study has examined the antibody responses to a panel of papillomavirus-derived antigens and compared the serological profile with the histology and HPV carrier state of the tumor, as well as with the stage and prognosis of the disease. Sera from 64 patients with anal cancer and from 79 healthy blood donors were studied in ELISA for the presence of IgA and IgG antibodies to 5 previously described HPV16-derived synthetic peptide antigens. Serum IgA antibodies to a peptide antigen derived from the E2 region of HPV16 were found in 89% of patients with anal cancer as compared to 24% of controls (p = 0.0001). The IgA reactivity to the 4 other antigens showed only low and non-significant increases in mean titer. Serum IgG responses were similar among patients and controls. Among patients who had progressive disease, 21/21 were seropositive for IgA anti-E2 at diagnosis, as compared to 36/43 patients who were in remission after a mean follow-up of 41 months (p = 0.05). Forty-seven cases of anal carcinoma were also studied for the presence of HPV by in situ hybridization using a probe mix of 7 anogenital HPV types. Sixteen patients (35%) carried HPV in their anal cancer and one patient had an HPV-positive benign lesion adjacent to the tumor. Patients with HPV-carrying anal cancer were significantly younger than those with HPV-negative anal cancers (mean age: 57 and 68 years, respectively, p = 0.03). No differences in seroreactivity or HPV carrier state were seen depending on the stage or histological type of the tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Serological responses to human papillomavirus type 16 antigens in women before and after renal transplantation.

Female renal transplant recipients have an increased incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) associated lesions, such as cervical dysplasia and neoplasia [Schneider et al., 1983]. In this study we tested the serological responses by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assays (ELISA) to 3 different antigenic regions of HPV type 16. Sera from 35 female renal transplant patients collected before and at different times, up to 3 years, after transplantation were collected and tested. Before transplantation IgG antibodies against peptide 49, corresponding to the HPV L2 region, were found in 21/35 of the patients' sera. Of the L2 positive sera, 16 also demonstrated activity with the HPV L1 region derived peptide 31. All sera that were active against peptide 31 (L1) were also reactive with peptide 49 (L2). After renal transplantation, the antibody levels against these 2 peptides (peptides 49 and 31) dropped significantly (OD > or = 0.2) in all previously positive sera and remained so throughout the study, which lasted up to 3 years. The proportion of patients with IgA activity against the E2 region (peptide 245), which is common among patients with cervical neoplasia, increased from 9/35 before transplantation to 18/35 after transplantation. In parallel, we monitored 25 of these patients' sera before and after transplantation for antibody activity against measles, adenoviruses, and cytomegaloviruses (CMV). The majority of these sera--17/25 (68%) and 18/25 (72%), respectively--had no titer changes against measles and adenoviruses. Furthermore, the changes in antibody titers observed with CMV in these patients were not correlated with the fate of the antibodies against the HPV peptides.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1993

Increased risk of malignant lymphoma indicated by elevated Epstein-Barr virus antibodies--a prospective study.

We estimated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody-associated relative risks (RR) of malignant lymphoma/leukemia within a cohort of 39,000 healthy Finnish adults followed up for 12 years. Antibody analyses to EBV capsid antigen (VCA), early antigen (EA), and nuclear antigens (EBNA, EBNA1, and EBNA2) were based on concomitantly evaluated ELISA techniques. No increased risk was associated with mere EBV seropositivity. However, elevated EBV EA and EBNA antibody levels were associated with a statistically significant excess risk of malignant lymphoma/leukemia (RREA = 3.4, 95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 1.0-11.0; RREBNA = 4.5, CI = 1.2-16.9). These elevated antibody responses may be due either to destruction of neoplastic EBV positive B-cells and/or to activation of latent EBV infection early in the lymphomagenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Screening for nasopharyngeal carcinoma with an ELISA using the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen, EBNA 1: a complementary test to the IgA/VCA immunofluorescence assay.

An ELISA using the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA 1) was found to detect selectively specific IgA in sera from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The antigen, p107, was a 20-amino acid synthetic peptide, representing a major epitope of EBNA 1.267/294 (90.8%) of NPC patients had IgA antibodies to p107 but in normal individuals, only 41/577 (7.1%) had IgA/p107. In sera from patients with other cancers, 11/77 (14.3%) had IgA/p107 reactivity. 124 IgA/VCA positive and 86 IgA/VCA negative NPC sera were also tested for IgA/p107 binding in ELISA. The majority of IgA/VCA positive sera (117) also contained IgA/p107 antibodies. Of interest was the detection of 74/86 IgA/p107 reactive sera in the IgA/VCA negative group. The results suggest that the IgA/p107 ELISA could become a useful, complementary screening assay to the IgA/VCA immunofluorescence test for detection of NPC.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of serum antibody response to a newly identified B-cell epitope in the minor nucleocapsid protein L2 of human papillomavirus type 16.

The aim of this work was to identify B-cell epitopes in the minor nucleocapsid (L2) protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and characterization of allied antibody response. Serum samples of 513 individuals (323 women with various degrees of cervical atypia, 150 men and 40 small children) were available for the study. Synthetic peptides overlapping the L2 protein of HPV 16 twice were applied in ELISA for epitope scanning and antibody determination. An HPV 16 L2 derived dodecamer SGYIPANTTIPF (amino acids 391-402) proved to be the major B-cell epitope. Both IgA antipeptide antibody positivity (range 7-28%) and mean IgA antibody levels (range 13.2 EIU to 42.4 EIU, P < 0.05) increased with the degree of cervical atypia, whereas antipeptide IgG antibodies showed an opposite trend. During a 2-years follow-up significantly (P < 0.0005) decreasing IgA antibody levels to the SGYIPANTTIPF peptide were associated with regression of koilocytotic atypia. Analysis of anti-peptide IgA antibodies of 118 women with known HPV type revealed that a majority of positives had HPV 16/18 DNA. It was concluded that antibody response to the newly discovered peptide was partially type- and disease-specific. Our results also suggest an impairment of the IgG but not IgA class antibody response to HPV 16 in patients with persistent cervical HPV infection.

Journal Article↗