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Biomedical subjects

J Doris

Publications and source records attributed to J Doris.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The role of protein C, protein S, and resistance to activated protein C in Legg-Perthes disease.

OBJECTIVES: It has been hypothesized that Legg-Perthes disease is caused by repeated vascular interruptions of the blood supply to the proximal femur, which are precipitated by coagulation system abnormalities. To test this theory, we conducted a case-control study among 57 patients with Legg-Perthes disease and an equal number of community controls. We measured protein C and protein S and resistance to activated protein C (APC-R) from plasma. STUDY DESIGN: Participants were placed into 1 of 3 mutually exclusive categories based on the control distribution: 1) normal, defined as either above or within 1 standard deviation below the expected mean; 2) low normal, defined as between 1 and 2 standard deviations below the expected mean; and 3) low, defined as >2 standard deviations below the expected mean. DNA was analyzed to determine the presence of a point mutation in the factor V gene that causes APC-R. RESULTS: We observed a statistically significant increased risk of Legg-Perthes disease with decreasing levels of protein C and a nearly significant increased risk with decreasing levels of protein S. The factor V gene defect was present in 5 (9%) of 55 cases and 3 (5%) of 56 controls (odds ratio 1.8, 95% confidence interval: 0.4-7.7), but the mean level on the APC-R plasma test was similar for cases and controls. Nine cases and 1 control had 2 low normal or low test results (odds ratio 13.0, 95% confidence interval: 2.2-75). CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the belief that abnormalities of the coagulation system leading to a thrombophilic state play a role in Legg-Perthes disease; however, larger studies are needed before definitive recommendations for coagulation testing can be made.

Activated Protein C Resistance↗
PubMed1990

Contributions of Seymour Sarason to the field of mental retardation.

The contributions of Seymour Sarason to the field of mental retardation are presented against the background of the pivotal changes in society's perception of the retardate that occurred following World War II. Sarason's key contributions to that change in terms of broadening the scientific approach to the issues in the field and advocating reform in the treatment and education of the retarded are briefly sketched.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1990

Migrants and maltreatment: comparative evidence from central register data.

This paper reports the results of a series of studies on the abuse and neglect of migrant farmworker children. These investigations were conducted between 1983 and 1985 in the states of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Florida, and Texas. Names of approximately 24,000 migrant children obtained from annual migrant education censuses were individually cross-referenced with the appropriate state data bases to determine if they had been involved in a confirmed incident of maltreatment. The information acquired was converted to incidence estimates that were contrasted with the rates for all children in the respective states and were decomposed to identify high-risk cohorts within the migrant population. One finding common to all five assessments was that migrant children were significantly more likely to be maltreated than other children, although these incidence rates varied appreciably from one state to another. The emphasis of this paper is on the unique methodology employed in the research, issues pertaining to provisions for accessing central registers and protecting confidentiality of subjects, the generalizability of the findings, and cross-state incidence differentials for both migrants and children from nonmigrant families.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The nature and substantiation of official sexual abuse reports.

A representative sample of 796 sexual abuse reports from New York State in 1985 was studied to explore factors associated with the decision to substantiate or unsubstantiate these reports. This study focused on the age, sex, and ethnicity of the subject child, and the source of the report as predictors of case substantiation. Substantiation rates tended to increase with the age of the child although this was more characteristic of reports involving female than male victims. Overall, reports involving female children were more likely to be substantiated than those involving male children. Ethnicity of the child showed no significant relationship to substantiation. Source of report, however, showed a strong relationship to case determination, with mandated reports found to be substantiated at a rate 13% higher than reports from non-mandated sources.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Children of migrant farm work families are at high risk for maltreatment: New York State study.

Utilizing a crosstabulation between data collected by the Migrant Student Records Transfer System and the New York State Central Register, it was determined that 298 of the 7,408 migrant children, age 18 years or younger, censused in 1982 were on file as having been maltreated in 1982. This rate, 40.2 per 1,000, is substantially higher than the rate found for upstate New York children (5.5). Maltreatment rates also varied by migrant status and household composition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Child maltreatment among U.S. East Coast migrant farm workers.

This paper reports findings from a study that was conducted in 1983 to determine the incidence and patterns of child maltreatment among migrant farm worker families who reside in or travel through the Atlantic coastal region known as the Eastern Stream. These results are based on responses to a multipurpose mailed questionnaire that was administered to a sample of 2,207 migrant educators. Educational personnel from 14 of the 22 Eastern Stream states participated in this survey, which was designed to elicit information on the incidence of maltreatment in this population. The survey considered 13 different indicators of child abuse and neglect and six maltreatment forms. Another segment of the instrumentation secured information on the migrant population with which the respondents had direct contact so that an incidence rate could be formulated. The study conclusively established that the incidence of child maltreatment rate among migrant farm worker families, as perceived by migrant educators, was substantially higher than the rate observed for the population as a whole or even for families with approximately the same socioeconomic status. Comparative data are presented to place this primary research result in perspective and a more precise overall incidence estimate is derived. Differential rates of abuse and neglect within the migrant population and the factors that contribute to them are also considered.

Agriculture↗