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Biomedical subjects

J Drábková

Publications and source records attributed to J Drábková.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Thirty years' of anesthesiology, resuscitation and intensive medicine. News and perspectives].

Anaesthesiology has been implemented into modern perioperative medicine; neuroaxial blocks have become very popular. Short acting and well controllable drugs are administered in continuous infusions as components of total intravenous anaesthesia. Halothane and nitrous oxide are significantly retreating. Very low, even prenatal age and "oldies" are no longer contraindication for anaesthesia. Situation in foremost Czech hospitals meets progressive world standard, however, experimental basic research is unsatisfactory. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation has followed ILCOR Guidelines 2000. Intensive medicine is aimed at pathophysiological mechanism encl. subcellular level, to use protective mechanical ventilation, less invasive methods, to support homeostatic systems of critically ill patients. Discussion of ethical principles, medical and economic limits of critical care are hot topics.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed2001

Two species of Selaginella cones and their spores from the Bohemian Carboniferous continental basins of the Czech Republic.

Two species of Selaginella cones from the Bohemian Upper Carboniferous continental basins of the Bolsovian and Westphalian D age are described, together with their in situ spores. Two specimens of Selaginella gutbierii yielded microspores closely comparable with the dispersed species Cirratriradites saturnii and megaspores closely comparable with the dispersed species Triangulatisporites vermiculatus. Microspores closely comparable with the dispersed species Cirratriradites annulatus and megaspores resemble the dispersed species Triangulatisporites tertius were isolated from cones of Selaginella cf. leptostachys. All the spores isolated from one cone are of the same type and would be referred to one dispersed micro- and megaspore species if found as Sporae dispersae. The paper contains a review of all palynologically studied Carboniferous Selaginella and Selaginella-like cones and reviews of all in situ and dispersed Cirratriradites and Triangulatisporites spores.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

[New developments in emergency resuscitation].

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation at present cannot, and in the future will not, constitute solely a uniform technique. Specific algorithms for sudden primary cardiac arrest have been developed which are to be further refined, and there is no reason why our country should lag behind the advanced nations in this respect. A key role in the outcome is played by other important factors such as instruction and training of the population enabling it to initiate basic life support, short time intervals from cardiac arrest to advanced life support, technical standard of the equipment available, expertise of medical emergency teams and physicians, prophylaxis of multiorgan dysfunction in the post-resuscitation period, and psychosomatic rehabilitation. All the above aspects make up a complex issue we have to do our best to tackle systematically and as soon as possible.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation↗
PubMed1992

[New findings in emergency care and resuscitation in patients at risk for endotoxic shock].

Endotoxin shock is not only the reflexion of Gram-negative focal infection but also the consequence of dysfunction of the intestinal mucous barrier and a decline of the detoxication capacity, in particular of the hepatic mesenchymal phagocytic system during a critical state. Cytokines and the primary LPS complex and its lipid A resp. are of basic importance. They start the release of a large amount of TNF alpha, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and other cascades. Acute shock is controlled nowadays more frequently than in the past, however, there is a high risk of a very adverse reaction of remote organs, which is very adverse from the prognostic aspect. A series of laboratory markers has a greater validity than the clinical picture alone. For screening derived markers are used not primary markers. Despite this they provide adequate information. Prophylaxis and treatment include selective bacterial decontamination, or active or passive immunization (PSAEVA, hyperimmune sera), minidoses of dopamine in a continuous infusion, early enteral nutritional intervention, in particular enteral nutrition containing glutamine. Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against the LPS complex and cytokines are tested, blocking their receptors or possibly early plasmapheresis. Permanent pillars of therapeutic tactics are still a radical and early elimination of possible infectious foci and targeted administration of antibiotics and maintenance of the perfusion pressure and adequate oxygenation.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Testing student knowledge of emergency care at the Charles University School of General Medicine and the processing of certain conditions in primary emergency care into computerized educational training models].

The objective expression of the state of knowledge of 6th year students of the Faculty of General Medicine in the field of emergency care is an important factor in the evaluation of their preparation for the medical profession, regardless of the specialty they choose. Knowledge of these data is essential for improvement of undergraduate teaching of emergency care. Suitable application of computer technique can supplement the possibilities how to achieve this. The application of so-called model situations on personal computers makes it possible to extend training of decision taking to all spheres of medical training.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1989

[Mechanical irrigation and selective decontamination in critically ill patients].

The authors debugged and launched into routine operation an automated monitoring system using computer techniques. Working off-line, they monitored microbiological, immunologic and biochemical parameters of mechanical irrigation of the mouth and selective decontamination of the gastro-intestinal tract. They ran and classified the data concerned into two index-sequence subsets defined on a set of patients treated with artificial pulmonary ventilation and patients with reduced defenses, and/or corticoid-dependent patients with myasthenia gravis. At present, they study basic sets, representative enough to permit the statistically significant examination of all the parameters under study as well as their exact interpretation with regard to the efficiency of the therapeutical strategy chosen.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Results of surgical and conservative therapy of tracheal and tracheoesophageal lesions].

The paper deals with 10 years of experience a multispecialty team has reached in the therapy of tracheal stenoses and acquired tracheoesophageal fistulas. In 38 surgical patients the authors performed 50 reconstruction operations. The best results were reached in stenoses and tumours of trachea provided the patient had not died after the operation. In the group of 13 patients with surgery for tracheoesophageal fistula there were seven who died in the postoperation period. The problem of reoperation is discussed as well as the technique of the intervention with the use of Rehn's grafts and microsurgery occlusions of the fistulas by way of a tracheostoma. Two previously published cases are briefly described, the first being a complete resection of tracheal bifurcation, the other one being a rare mucosa form of epidermolysis bullosa, localized and surgically treated in the region of cervical oesophagus.

Esophageal Stenosis↗