Suicide among homosexual youth.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
J Drescher
Publications and source records attributed to J Drescher.
The evaluation of biological efficiency of electromagnetic fields generated by implanted radiotelemetric transmitters used in space research on animals.
The study was carried out in 50 male rats abdominally implanted with biotelemetric systems (BTS) or mock-up. The animals were provided with 12/12 light/dark schedule during 6-week experiment. The electromagnetic field (EMF) frequency was 455 kHz, magnetic induction near transducer was about 10(-2) mT. Circadian rhythm of the body temperature and locomotor activity was controlled in course of the experiment. The latter been finished, some tissues and the blood of the animals have been sampled to test corticosterone, testosterone, T3, T4 level in serum with radioimmunoassay and membrane permeability for Ca2+, Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity and charge changes in liver microsomes was detected. The probable ways of the EMF influence on whole body are discussed.
Animals↗
Investigation of heart rate and body temperature dynamics during a 14 days spaceflight experiment "COSMOS 2044".
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Adaptation, Physiological↗
Method for determining the concentration of influenza virus antihemagglutinin antibody molecules, the number of epitopes per virus particle and the equilibrium constant of virus antibody interaction.
A novel technique for the determination of the concentration of influenza virus antihemagglutinin antibody molecules (A), of the equilibrium constant (K) and of the number of epitopes recognized per virus particle (s) is described. The test utilizes measurements of virus-antibody interaction both in a photometric hemagglutination inhibition test and in the method of equilibrium filtration and is based on the following principle: the number of antibody molecules adsorbed per virus particle at the antibody dilution (1/d50) yielding 50% hemagglutination inhibition in a photometric HI test was found to be constant, providing an estimate of the concentration of bound antibody at the dilution d50. The corresponding concentration of free antibody is calculated by use of parameters determined by equilibrium filtration and the antibody concentration is obtained as sum of bound and free antibody. The antibody concentration found is used for calculating the equilibrium constant K and the number of epitopes recognized per virus particle.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Recent influenza virus A infections in forensic cases of sudden unexplained death.
84 forensic necropsy cases with a history of sudden unexpected death and where no acceptable cause of death was found at autopsy (= cases of sudden unexplained death, SUD) were found to have a significantly higher rate of influenza A (H 3 N 2) infection than did matched controls of the general population and a group of forensic necropsy cases with known cause of death (NON-SUD cases). By contrast, the group of SUD cases was found to have no significantly increased infection rate with influenza H 1 N 1 and B virus, parainfluenza viruses, RS virus, adenovirus, and cytomegalovirus. The influenza A associated SUD cases had a significantly higher rate of pathological and histological findings previously described for cases of primary viral pneumonia than did SUD cases without recent influenza A infection and NON-SUD cases. These findings suggest that virological examination of SUD cases could be helpful in order to determine the probable cause of death. A considerable portion of the influenza associated SUD cases occurred during interepidemic influenza periods. Therefore, such cases could be a useful source for monitoring the interepidemic spread of influenza virus.
Autopsy↗
Serological evidence of recent influenza virus A (H 3 N 2) infections in forensic cases of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
40 forensic SIDS cases were found to have a significantly higher rate of serologic evidence of recent influenza A (H 3 N 2) infection than did matched controls. In contrast, the SIDS cases had serologically no significantly increased infection rate with influenza H 1 N 1 and B virus, parainfluenza virus, RS virus, adenovirus, and cytomegalovirus. SIDS cases with recent influenza infection had a significantly higher rate of histological findings as described for primary viral pneumonia than did SIDS cases without influenza infection. SIDS cases with recent influenza infection occurred much more frequently during epidemic than during interepidemic influenza A (H 3 N 2) periods. Our results confirm previous reports that SIDS cases have an increased rate of respiratory virus infections. However, they cannot prove a causal relationship between influenza infection and death. Since our SIDS cases comprised 75 per cent of cases aged more than three months, our results pertain essentially to cases of this age group.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Electron microscopic method for determining the concentration of influenza virus antihemagglutinin antibodies of the IgG class.
A novel technique for the determination of the concentration of influenza virus antihemagglutinin antibody of the IgG class is described which is based on the following principle: graded doses of purified antibody are allowed to react with homologous virus, resulting in binding of a portion of antibody. The virus-bound antibody is electron microscopically counted after labeling with protein A-gold. Since Freundlich's lambda-formula is valid for describing the relationship between antibody bound per virus particle and the corresponding concentration of unbound antibody, the values of bound antibody recorded can be used for calculating the concentration of unbound antibody. The antibody concentration of the test sample is obtained as sum of bound and unbound antibody. The antibody concentrations measured by use of this technique agreed well with chemically determined values.
Animals↗
Comparative investigation of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies directed against strain-specific and common antigenic sites on influenza H1N1 virus hemagglutinin.
Antibodies directed against strain-specific and common antigenic sites of H1N1 influenza virus hemagglutinin were tested comparatively, using monoclonal antibodies raised against strain A/Brazil/11/78 and polyclonal antibodies directed against strains A/Brazil/11/78, A/USSR/97/77, A/PR/301/54, and A/FM/1/47. The patterns of competition between antibodies for adsorption onto homologous virus indicated that the monoclonals comprised antibodies directed to each of the two strain-specific (Sa and Sb) and common antigenic sites (Ca and Cb) of virus hemagglutinin. Polyclonal strain-specific antibodies (SSA) yielded the competition patterns of mixtures of anti-Sa and anti-Sb antibodies and polyclonal common antigen antibodies (CAA) yielded those of mixtures of antibodies directed against sites Ca and Cb, indicating that the polyclonal preparations comprised a similar repertoire of antibodies, as represented by the panel of monoclonals. This conclusion was confirmed by determining, by means of equilibrium filtration, the number of epitopes per homologous virion(s) recognized by antibody preparations and their mixtures. Polyclonal SSA and CAA gave s values not significantly different from those of mixtures of the corresponding monoclonal antibodies. The strains tested were found to possess equivalent numbers of strain-specific and common epitopes per virion. The competition between antibodies was further examined in terms of the additiveness of s values they recognize in simultaneous reactions. No competition was observed for the monoclonal antibody pairs anti-Sa/anti-Ca, anti-Sa/anti-Cb and anti-Sb/anti-Cb, indicating that these antibodies combined with nonoverlapping epitopes. Polyclonal SSA and CAA yielded partial competition. The equilibrium constants (K) of comparable SSA and CAA were within the same range, and SSA and CAA did not influence their binding avidity when allowed to react simultaneously with homologous virus.
Animals↗
LADD syndrome: report of new cases and review of the clinical spectrum.
The lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital or LADD syndrome is a true multiple congenital anomalies (MCA) syndrome characterized by hypoplasias, aplasias or atresias in the lacrimal system; anomalies of the ears and hearing loss; hypoplasias, aplasias or atresias in the region of the salivary system; dental anomalies; and digital malformations. The syndrome is thought to be an autosomal dominant trait with variable expressivity. It seems to be rare. Two new cases are reported and the clinical spectrum of the syndrome is reviewed. The paediatrician who is responsible for the child as a whole individual should know the LADD syndrome. Its early recognition may be important.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
The elicitation of a movement disorder by trazodone: case report.
A 65-year-old woman with bipolar disorder and complicated cardiovascular disease who was on maintenance lithium therapy developed a movement disorder following high doses of trazodone for treatment of an acute depression. When the trazodone was reduced, the involuntary movements promptly ceased. Although the movement disorder could not with certainty be attributed to trazodone alone, the drug at least acted as an eliciting agent.
Aged↗
[Therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. Multicenter prospective therapy study COALL-80].
Since 1979 in a cooperative study (COALL-80) 110 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 13 children with high grade malignant non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) have been treated with a less aggressive modification of the Westberlin Study Program BFM 76/79. Asparaginase has been delayed from the initial 4 drugs regimen and interposed in between induction therapy and treatment of central nervous system (CNS). Induction therapy that way was well tolerated and realized mostly on an outpatient basis. The expected 2 1/2 years disease free survival rate for ALL is 86% and no worse than the results of the original BFM study. We were able to define by age (greater than 2, less than 7 years), initial blast count (less than 25000/mm3) and immunological typing (cALL Ag+) a great group of patients (52%) which has remained in continuous remission as a whole. For this group further reduction of therapy intensity is planned (omission of cyclophosphamide during CNS-phase and use of intermediate dose methotrexate (MTX-mHD) instead of CNS-irradiation).
Age Factors↗
Description of a technique for the determination of the concentration and quality of rubella virus antibody molecules and experience with testing sera from humans with recent and past rubella infection.
The method of equilibrium filtration described by Fazekas and Webster (7, 8) for the determination of the concentration (A) and quality (K) of influenza virus antibody molecules was modified in order to permit such determinations to be made for rubella virus hemagglutination inhibiting (HI) antibodies. The technique was used for determining the A and K values of humans with recent and past rubella infection. Sera from patients collected within 59 days after onset of rubella rash were found to have larger K values than found for sera collected therafter or from persons with past rubella infection. The difference in K values was found not to depend on the levels of IgM rubella antibodies. Therefore, sera from persons with recent and past rubella infection can be distinguished by use of this technique independently from the relative concentrations of rubella IgM and IgG HI antibodies.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Antineuraminidase antibody response to vaccination of chickens with intact virus and different submit preparations of the influenza virus strains A/Sing/1/57 (H2N2), A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2) and A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2).
The antineuraminidase (AN) antibody response to vaccination of chickens with intact virus and different subunit preparations of the influenza virus strains A/Sing/1/57 (H2N2), A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2) and A/Pt. Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2) was tested comparatively. Using a photometric method capable of analysing mixtures of AN antibodies against antigenically different N2 neuraminidases, it was concluded that vaccination with subunits produced by treatment with bromelain and Sarkosyl can yield AN antibody response against heterologous neuraminidase. By contrast, vaccination with intact and ether-treated virus gave AN antibody response against homologous neuraminidases. The conclusion was reached that the NA's of the strains A/Sing/1/57 and A/Pt. Chalmers/1/73 share antigenic determinants and that the NA of the strain A/Hong Kong/1/68 shares antigenic determinants with that of the strains A/Sing/1/57 and A/Pt. Chalmers/1/73.
Animals↗
Comparison of the antineuraminidase antibody response to vaccination with intact virus and subunit preparations obtained by different techniques of the influenza virus strains A/Sing/1/57 (H2N2), A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2) and A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2).
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Animals↗
[Investigations on the concentration of air-borne germs in conventionally air-conditioned operating theaters (author's transl)].
The factors influencing the concentration of air-borne bacteria during operations have been analysed. It was found that the concentration of air-borne bacteria depended primarily on the number of persons present in the operating theater, the air exchange rate per hour and the room volume. Persons with sterile dress were found to have much less influence than did persons with unsterile dress. A formula describing the relationship between the average concentration of air-borne germs in operating theaters, the number of persons in sterile and unsterile dress, the air exchange rate and the room volume was derived. In a total of 142 operations, the formula has been found to give reliable estimates of the concentration of air-borne germs. This equation can be used for testing whether or not the concentration of air-borne bacteria in an operating theater is within acceptable limits which have been defined.
Air Conditioning↗
Description of a technique for the analysis of antineuraminidase antibodies oriented to H2N2 and H3N2 influenza virus strains.
A method for the analysis of mixtures of antineuraminidase (AN) antibodies oriented to antigenically different neuraminidases of H2N2 and H3N2 influenza virus strains is described. The method is based on the finding that the different classes of AN antibodies give different titer ratios when reacting with the recombinants A/Bel/42 (H0)-A/Sing/1/57 (N2) and A/equine/Prague/1/56 (Heg1)-A/Hong Kong/1/68 (N2) and a mixture of both recombinants. These titer ratios are determined under the experimental conditions of the photometric ACU (antibody concentration unit) method for a series of reference sera and test sera. By mathematical treatment of these data an exact analysis of AN antibodies of test sera is achieved. This paper gives a detailed description of the conduct of the test and summarizes the results of experiments to designed to assess the accuracy of analysis.
Animals↗
Investigations on strain-specific and common antigen antihemagglutinin antibodies oriented to the influenza virus H3N2 strains A/Hong Kong/1/68 and A/Port Chalmers/1/73.
Antisera raised by vaccination of chickens with the H3N2 influenza virus strains A/Hong Kong/1/68 and A/Port/Chalmers/1/73 were found to contain common antigen antibody (CAA), combining with both viruses, and strain-specific antibody (SSA), combining with homologous virus only. The reaction of CAA with homologous and heterologous viruses and of SSA with homologous virus was investigated by means of equilibrium filtration. CAA was found to be antibody of higher quality than was SSA. The virus strains tested were found not to contain identical common antigenic determinants, and CAA and SSA competed for the same antigenic sites when allowed to react simultaneously with homologous virus. The kinetics of reaction of CAA and SSA with the corresponding viruses was tested by means of the photometric antibody concentration unit method. It was found that SSA and CAA of a given strain have the same specificity and that the reaction of CAA with heterologous virus is registered as heterologous antigen-antibody interaction. These findings suggest that SSA and CAA are antibodies of the same specificity but with differences in quality.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Further investigations on the antioncogenic activity of A/PR8/34 (HON1)- influenza virus on polyoma virus induced tumors in newborn Wistar rats.
The oncogenic activity of polyoma virus in newborn Wistar rats can be significantly reduced by simultaneous vaccination with the A/PR8/34 (HON1) strain of influenza virus. The antioncogenic activity (AOA) of influenza virus suspensions was neutralized by the addition of homologous influenza antibodies, indicating that AOA was due to influenza virus and not to any non-viral material possibly present. The AOA of influenza virus was found to decline with storage at 4 degrees C and to depend critically on the relative doses of influenza virus and polyoma virus inoculated per animal. Simultaneous inoculation of animals with influenza and polyoma virus reduced significantly the antibody response to polyoma virus in all experiments, suggesting that influenza virus reduced the multiplication of polyoma virus. By contrast, the antibody response to influenza virus was significantly enhanced by inoculation with polyoma virus in some experiments, only. Influenza virus was found to reduce markedly the adsorption of polyoma virus on rat embryo fibroblast cells, suggesting that AOA could be at least partially due to interference of influenza virus with polyoma virus adsorption on target cells.
Animals↗