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J Dvorácková

Publications and source records attributed to J Dvorácková.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Frequency view on genome changes testing].

Laboratories dealing with human genome, both inherited and acquired changes, dispose with similar methods and technology. The spectrum of genetic tests is relatively broad and the number of mutations or variants tested differs substantially. Also the number of examinations carried out in individual laboratories varies. Data presented in the tables come from the year 2004 and indicate the number of examinations requested and number of positive results. Many laboratories mentioned in the registry CZDDNAL (http://www.uhkt.cz/lab_a_vysetreni/nr lab_dna_diag/dna_lab_db) perform the same tests but there is also a great number of tests carried out by only one laboratory. Reasons of the request, cost-effectiveness and clinical utility of genetic testing is being discussed.

Gene Frequency↗
PubMed2006

[The subacute angiohypertrophic myelomalacia Foix-Alajouanine--a rare disease?].

The subacute angiohypertrophic myelomalacia Foix-Alajouanine was first described by French authors in 1926 and belongs to the wider category of CNS vascular malformations. Both individual casuistics and larger sets of patients with this disease can be found in literature scarcely. We are presenting three necroptic cases of subacute angiohypertrophic myelomalacia (Foix-Alajouanine) that were mistakenly diagnosed clinically, once as metastatic lesion of spinal canal, once as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and once as inflammatory lesion of spinal cord. The histologic finding is dominated by myelomalacia of varying extent with varicosely dilated, constricted or even occluded arterialized both extra- and intramedullary veins, sporadically coupled with secondary thrombi. Clinical diagnostics is difficult and requires spinal angiography. According to literature data, it is presumable that this disease is not as rare as it may seem at first sign.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Proliferative and apoptotic markers in prostate carcinoma in relation to androgen receptor].

Prostate carcinoma, one of the most frequent male malignancies, is in certain stages of its development significantly influenced by androgens. Therefore, we carried out a retrospective study on a set of 130 patients with nongeneralized, localized prostate carcinoma (stage T1-T2, PSA up to 25 ng/ml). We determined immunohistochemically the expression of proliferation markers PCNA and Ki67, Bax, p53, Bcl-2, p21waf1, p27kiP1 and compared them with the expression of the androgen receptor (AR). Multivariation statistical analysis of the results using the chi-square test with Pearson's correction and variability analysis using the SPSS 8.0 software program showed a strong correlation of the PCNA and Ki67 proliferation markers with the expression of hormonal dependence and apoptosis markers. The expression of PCNA correlated strongly with p27 kip1 and Bax, while the expression of Ki67 correlated most strongly with p27 kip1 and Bcl-2. The expression of p27 kip1 correlated with the expression of androgen receptor, PCNA, Ki67 as well as Bcl-2. None of the observed markers correlated significantly with Gleason's score. We did not find substantial significant relation between the observed markers and the expression of p53 and p21 waf1. The results indicate a significant role of the expression of p27 kip1 protein in regulating proliferative activity and hormonal responsiveness in the initial stage of prostate carcinoma.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2006

[The molecular genetic assessment of prognostic factors in carcioma of the prostate: a pilot study].

The loss of the 8p22 chromosome part and amplification of the 8q24 region (c-myc oncogene region) are the most frequent chromosomal aberrations observed in prostate carcinoma. We aimed to demonstrate the frequency of these chromosomal abnormalities and to assess how they correlate with the prognosis in patients with prostate carcinoma. From a set of 130 patients, we selected a group of 17 who died within five years after the diagnosis had been determined. Due to the lack of tumor cells in puncture biopsies, we managed to carry out in situ hybridization and assess the result objectively for 9 patients only. In seven cases, amplification of the region for c-myc oncogene was found; however, in five of them, polyploidy of chromosome 8 was manifested simultaneously. Deletion of the 8p22 chromosome part (region for the LPL gene) was found in five cases. A normal finding was detected in two cases. However, the analysis was carried out on a small number of cells gained from paraffin slices, so it was impossible to meet the requirement to examine 300 interphase cell nuclei. Therefore, we recommend to always determine whether the material taken is representative enough for this methodology and whether the tissue fixation is not inadequate or insufficient.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Importance of guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for the diagnostics of thyroid nodules - own experience.

UNLABELLED: The aim of our study was to assess the accuracy and limitations of ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of thyroid nodules. METHODS: The usg-FNAC results of 245 patients with thyroid nodules, who afterwards underwent thyroid surgery or who died, and autopsies were carried out, and compared retrospectively with cytologic results. Patients with malignant cytologic conclusion without histological confirmation after surgery or autopsy were excluded from the study (9 persons). The usg-FNAC results were divided as follows: group 1: diagnosis of malignancy (n = 30), group 2: suspicion of malignancy (n = 28), group 3: benign (n = 126), group 4: inconclusive (n = 29). RESULTS: Assuming the cytologic results of group 1 and group 2 were interpreted as being malignant and those of group 3 as being benign, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of usg-FNAC were 90 %, 85 % and 86 % respectively. Comparing the cytologic conclusions between a group of patients with follicular lesions and a subgroup of other lesions a statistically significant difference (p < 0,01) between both subgroups using Fisher's test was found. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy in subgroup of follicular lesions were low (71 %, 63 %, 67 %), while in the subgroup of other lesions were high (94 %, 86 %, 88 %). FNAC can specify the nature of focal lesion with high sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy in the cases of non-follicular lesions. Histological evaluation is required to specification of the nature in cases in which cytology is indicative of follicular proliferation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Immunohistochemical detection of the hMLH1 and hMSH2 proteins in hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer and sporadic colon cancer.

Defects in DNA mismatch repair system are involved in carcinogenesis of sporadic and inherited human cancers. We assessed the feasibility of using immunohistochemistry to detect tumors with DNA mismatch repair deficiency. We analyzed 81 samples (74 colon cancers (CC), 1 colon dysplasia and 6 extracolonic cancers) for hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein expression, microsatellite instability (MSI) and/or mutational analysis. A meta-analysis of the published data on immunohistochemistry of hMLH1/hMSH2 proteins was performed. Sensitivity and specificity of the method was calculated. Twenty four of 29 tumors from hMLH1/hMSH2 mutation carriers and 10 of 13 sporadic high frequency MSI tumors lost one of the proteins. None of the 42 tumors with stable microsatellites or low frequency MSI lost the proteins. Based on literature review of 49 publications on colorectal cancer, hMLH1 immunohistochemistry was able to detect 136 of 154 tumors from hMLH1 germline mutation carriers (the sensitivity of 88.3% [95%CI, 85.8-90.8%]), hMSH2 immunohistochemistry detected 99 of 109 tumors from hMSH2 mutation carriers (the sensitivity of 90.8% [95%CI, 88.5-93.1%]), and hMLH1/hMSH2 immunohistochemistry identified 1262 of 1382 tumors with high-frequency microsatellite instability not correlated with mutational analysis (the sensitivity of 91.3% [95%CI, 90.4-92.2%]). The specificity of the method was 99.4% (95%CI, 99.2-99.6%). In conclusion, immunohistochemistry of hMLH1 and hMSH2 proteins is a useful method to predict the presence of mismatch repair deficiency, although its sensitivity is lower than that of MSI analysis.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed2003

[Sentinel lymph node biosy in surgical treatment of breast carcinoma: prospective study].

OBJECTIVE: Authors report the validity and accuracy of lymphatic mapping with sentinel node biopsy in patients with early breast cancer between 1998 and 2000. TYPE OF STUDY: Prospective study. LOCATION: Department of Surgery, Atlas Hospital Zlin. METHODS USED: Lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy using patentblue in patients with breast cancer was performed between 1998 and 2000. Combination of patentblue and radiocoloid Nanocoll Nycomed Amersham has been used from 2000. C-Track device (Care Wise Medical Product Morgan Hill) was applied for detection of radiocoloid in sentinel node. Gamma probe intraoperatively localised sentinel nodes. Lymphoscintigraphy was performed routinely. Patients were tested with routine hematoxylin & eosin staining. When the H&E staining in sentinel nodes was negative the immunohistochemical procedure was used. Following identification of sentinel nodes, axillary node dissection was applied. Axillary node dissection was abandoned by patients with tumor T1 and sentinel node negative. RESULTS: In 124 cases, the sentinel node was successfully identified. 122 patients were women with unilateral and one woman with bilateral cancer. 1 was a male. Of these 124 cases 60 were node-positive and sentinel nodes metastasis was in 26 cases only. 1375 nonsentinel nodes were examined (a mean 13.4). 268 sentinel nodes were examined (a mean 2.2). Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used routinely and if no tumor was identified then imunohistochemical cytokeratin staining was performed. Imunohistochemical staining was used in 21 cases. Only in one patient micrometastases were identified. Three sentinel nodes were negative in patient with axillary disease. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that sentinel node biopsy in patients with early breast cancer is safe and highly accurate an can be used to avoid axillary lymph node dissection.

Axilla↗
PubMed2002

[What is the real importance of evaluating the expression of c-erbB-2 (HER-2/neu) in carcinoma of the breast and prostate? (A short review)].

This minireview covers the key data on biology and clinical implications of the c-erbB-2 oncogene in breast and prostate cancer. The aim was to provide basic information to practically oriented pathologists in order to make a reasonable application of methods for c-erbB-2 overexpression or amplification analysis. The clinical interpretation of c-erbB-2 abnormalities should reflect the complexity of c-erbB-2 mediated regulatory pathway and explain why tumours with overexpression/amplification of c-erbB-2 very often do not respond to therapy using Herceptin.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2002

[Immunohistochemical detection of HER2 protein and its evaluation in breast carcinoma: comparative study of two methods (HercepTest DAKO versus the routine immunohistochemical approach with the DAKO polyclonal antibody) and the results from two laboratories].

Routine assessing of HER2 status is necessary for successful treatment of carcinoma of breast by Herceptin. Our results prove comparability of well standardized semiquantitative method by Hercep Test DAKO: both negative findings (73.4% in laboratory A, and 77.4% in laboratory B) and positive findings (26.6% in laboratory A, and 22.6% in laboratory B) corresponded both with each other and with the DAKO's reference data. The study also testifies to problems with interpretation of the IHC data (primary antibody c-erbB-2-oncoprotein DAKO). The problems concern particularly the processing standards, the dilution of antibodies, the application of IHC automatic machine, and probably also the detection system. It is suggested that each laboratory develops a standardized IHC protocol, in coordination with other laboratories. Thus, standardization of both processing and evaluation of the results will be achieved. As the indication for treatment by Herceptin is connected with HER2 overexpression, it is suggested to follow the algorhythm of HER2 examination presented by Nenutil at the ROCHE Satellite symposium.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2001

Spindle cell myoepithelial tumours of the parotid gland with extensive lipomatous metaplasia. A report of four cases with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings.

We report four cases of parotid gland tumours composed predominantly of spindle-shaped myoepithelial cells and mature adipocytes. The central portion of one tumour showed extensive adipose differentiation, whereas in the peripheral parts there were small foci of ductal epithelium arranged in cords and tubules within an abundant myxoid stroma. The other cases were adipose spindle cell myoepitheliomas without an obvious glandular component. Under high-power examination, a transition between modified spindle-shaped myoepithelial cells and adipocytes was observed, and this was confirmed with immunohistochemistry. Ultrastructurally, the modified myoepithelial cells showed intracytoplasmic tonofilaments, bundles of actin microfilaments and lipid droplets. A possible pathogenesis is proposed of true metaplastic transformation of myoepithelial cells to adipocytes. This lesion is important to identify correctly, as inadequate surgery can lead to recurrence.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed2001

[Simultaneous occurrence of papillary carcinoma, oncocytic carcinoma and malignant lymphoma of the thyroid gland in a female patient with Hashimoto's disease].

A 51-year-old woman was admitted for a painless enlargement of the thyroid lasting over 6 months. Hashimoto's thyreoiditis was diagnosed and three tumors were found: oncocytic carcinoma, malignant lymphoma and papillary carcinoma. In the right lobe, oncocytic carcinoma and high grade malignant lymphoma composed of cells with irregular, lobulated nuclei were found. The lymphoma was confined to the thyroid gland. The oncocytic carcinoma invaded the capsule and the surrounding tissues. In the left lobe, there was a papillary carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

[Are ultrasonic images in diabetics different?].

The authors evaluated the results assembled in 5397 patients where between Jan. 1 1999 and Oct. 31 2000 sonographic examinations of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneum were made with the objective to assess whether there are any statistically significant differences of results in diabetic patients, as compared with a group without this disease. The group of patients was divided into a sub-group of 4287 patients without diabetes and a sub-group of 1100 diabetics. For statistical evaluation of the significance of differences in the incidence of the investigated parameters Fisher's exact test was used. The image of "light liver" was significantly more frequent in diabetics type 1 and 2, as compared with non-diabetics (p < 0.001). The sonographic picture, consistent with the diagnosis of cirrhosis of the liver, was at the same level of significance more frequent in non-diabetics, similarly as the incidence of haemangioma. The finding of cholecystolithiasis and the number of patients with a history of CHCE on account of cholecysolithiasis was significantly higher (p < 0.05) only in type 1 diabetics as compared with non-diabetics. The incidence of sonographic changes consistent with acalculous cholecystitis was statistically higher in both groups of diabetics (p < 0.001), as compared with non-diabetics. On examination of the pancreas only the incidence of changes consistent with acute or chronic pancreatitis was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the group of type 2 diabetics as compared with non-diabetics. Evaluation of sonographic findings of the kidneys revealed statistically significant differences only in the higher incidence of cysts in the group of type 2 diabetics as compared with type 1 diabetics and as compared with non-diabetics (p < 0.01). The impact of the presented findings and their comparison with data reported in the literature is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[EBV-positive Hodgkin's lymphoma in children under 10 years].

The number of EBV-positive child patients with HL varies in different countries and regions. In developing countries the number of child patients with this disease is higher than in the patient population of economically advanced countries. The authors examined 24 patients under 10 years with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Twenty patients were males, four females. In ten cases according to histological examination type II of HL was involved--nodular sclerosis (7 boys, 3 girls). In 14 instances the authors detected the mixed cellularity type (13 boys and 1 girl). EBV positivity was assessed immunohistologically by means of the antibody against LMP-1 and EBER-1 by the method of in situ hybridization. In 20 EBV positive HL 18 boys and 2 girls were affected. EBV positivity was proved in 83%. The marked intersexual difference in different EBV positive HL has not been explained unequivocally so far. The authors proved, that 14 EBV positive HL were type III--mixed cellularity. In 6 cases the type of nodular sclerosis was involved. The authors assume that marked positivity of child patients is associated with the initial massive EBV infection. EBV positive tumour cells are to a considerable extent removed by the immune apparatus and thus in the second and third decade EBV negative patients predominate.

Child↗
PubMed1997

[Simultaneous occurrence of 2 thyroid gland carcinomas].

The concurrent finding of two thyroid carcinomas is rare. The authors present two patients with the concurrent occurrence of two tumours. In the first case--a 51-year-old man--the authors found a medullary carcinoma in the right lobe and a medullary papillary carcinoma in the left thyroid lobe. The medullary papillary carcinoma metastatized into the mediastinal lymph nodes and into the mediastinal tissues in the area above the tracheal bifurcation. From the morphological and immunohistological aspect in the primary tumour of the left lobe as well as in the mediastinum two different clones of tumour cells were found (the medullary component of the tumour responded positively to antibodies against calcitonin and the papillary component to serum against thyroglobulin. The patient was treated by radiotherapy. The tumour progressed however markedly in its medullary component and the patient died one and a half year after the first symptoms from generalization of the tumour. The second patient, a woman, had an occult papillary carcinoma in the right lobe and in the left lobe a of a medullary papillary carcinoma (follicular variant). This type of tumour also metastatized into a cervical lymph node in the area of the left lobe. The patient was treated by radioiodine. Nine months after bilateral thyroidectomy she has no signs of progression of the tumour.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Evaluation of the biological behavior of uterine smooth muscle tumors].

Macroscopical and histological findings in 10 uterine leiomyosarcomas served for evaluation of their biological behaviour according to clinical data and contemporary histological criteria. The authors stressed a need of complex analysis in less definite cases and recommended considering other clinical, macroscopical and microscopical features of malignancy in addition to mitotic rate for diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma.

Adult↗