PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J E Baños

Publications and source records attributed to J E Baños.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Prevalence of pain in adults admitted to Catalonian hospitals: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To survey the prevalence of pain in patients admitted to different hospitals of Catalonia and to describe which factors are related to pain. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed in 1675 patients from fifteen hospitals in Catalonia (Spain). Clinical and demographic data, as well as the existence of pain intensity evaluations and analgesic therapy, were obtained from medical charts. Characteristics of pain were given by patients after being interviewed by trained interviewers. The main-outcome measure was the existence of pain (at the interview, in the previous 24h, at the admission and at any time after admission) that was assessed by a visual analogue scale (VAS). The relationship of prevalence of pain to patients' characteristics was carried out by means of a multiple-logistic-regression model with pain presence as the dependent variable of interest. RESULTS: A great variability in the prevalence and intensity of pain among different hospitals was observed. At the time of the interview, 48.5% (95% CI: 46.1-50.9%) of the patients had pain and the median VAS was 40mm (range: 10-100mm), and the prevalence of pain during the previous 24h was similar (47.6%; 95% CI: 45.2-50%). At admission, 26.7% (95% CI: 24.6-28.8%) of patients were in pain, whereas 62% (95% CI: 59.7-64.3%) reported having pain at some time during their stay. Pain intensity annotations were absent in 51.3% (95% CI: 47.9-54.7%) of the medical records of the patients with pain. The factors associated with pain were younger age, female gender, presence of surgery, orthopaedic surgery wards, large hospital and prescribed analgesics. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of clinically relevant pain in in-patients was found as well as a great variability according to type of patients, clinical wards and hospitals. This study gives clear evidence of the lack of adequate management of pain in the majority of the hospitals and calls for the implementation of organisational and educational measurements that may settle this epidemic problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Neuropathic pain: some clues for future drug treatments.

Neuropathic pain is still far from being adequately dealt with. Under this name, several clinical entities have been considered and most of them only share several painful ailments. At present, the available treatments can only alleviate the pain of roughly half of the patients, and their effectiveness is often limited by the appearance of the intolerable side effects. In this review, we will consider the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain to understand the basis of pharmacological treatments that are currently being investigated. Some examples of these drugs will also be considered.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Measurement of postoperative pain: analysis of the sensitivity of various self-evaluation instruments].

OBJECTIVES: This study compared the sensitivity of two one-dimensional scales (a visual analog scale [VAS] and a verbal scale of pain intensity [VSPI]) and one multidimensional scale (McGill Pain Questionnaire-Spanish Version [MPQ-SV]) for detecting changes in pain after a variety of surgical procedures with postoperative analgesia provided by one of two methods. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-two patients who underwent abdominal surgery, hysterectomy, cesarean, inguinal herniorrhaphy, subcostal or medial laparoscopic cholecystectomy were studied. Postoperative analgesia consisted of 1 mg/Kg of intravenous pethidine every 4 h in group one (n = 20) and intramuscular diclofenac every 12 h in group two. Assessment was at 24 h and/or at 48 and 72 h using the VAS, the VSPI and the MPQ-SV. RESULTS: All the scales were useful for assessing postoperative pain, giving estimates that were sensitive to variations in pain on days after the operation. The MPQ-SV was able to detect different pain-producing capacities for the surgical procedures more effectively than were the one-dimensional scales. The MPQ-SV was also able to discriminate the qualitative and quantitative differences among the mechanisms of action of opioid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, whereas the one-dimensional scales were unable to distinguish therapeutic approach. CONCLUSIONS: All the scales were sensitive to changes in postoperative pain, but the MPQ-SV gave more precise information of differences between analgesic treatments and among operations.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Synthesis and acetylcholinesterase/butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activity of new tacrine-like analogues.

The synthesis and preliminary results for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activity of a series of pyrano[2,3-b]quinolines (2, 3) and benzonaphthyridines (5, 6) derivatives are described. These molecules are tacrine-like analogues which have been prepared from readily available polyfunctionalized ethyl [6-amino-5-cyano-4H-pyrans and 6-amino-5-cyanopyridines]-3-carboxylates via Friedlander condensation with selected ketones. These compounds showed moderate acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity, the more potent (2e, 5b) being 6 times less active than tacrine. The butyrylcholinesterase activity of some of these molecules is also discussed.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed2001

Psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire in several Spanish-speaking countries.

OBJECTIVE: Versions of the McGill Pain Questionnaire are available in a several languages and are used in clinical studies and sociocultural or ethnic comparisons of pain issues. However, there is a lack of studies that compare the validity and reliability of the instrument in the countries where it is used. The current study investigates the psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire in five Spanish-speaking countries. DESIGN: The authors conducted a multicenter and transnational study with one investigator in each center. Patients were evaluated once with a Spanish version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, a visual analog scale, and a verbal rating scale. SETTING: The study was performed in pain clinics and acute pain units of four Latin American countries (Argentina, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Panama) and Spain. PATIENTS: The study included 205 patients (84 with acute pain, 121 with chronic pain) from Latin America. Their data were compared with those of 282 Spanish patients. INTERVENTIONS: The McGill Pain Questionnaire, visual analog scale, and verbal rating scale were administered once to all patients. The McGill Pain Questionnaire was administered again to patients from Latin America countries to ascertain descriptor comprehension. OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographic data, McGill Pain Questionnaire parameters, and visual analog scale and a verbal rating scale scores were obtained from patients with chronic and acute pain. Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire were established for each country by calculating the ordinal consistency by means of rank-scale correlation (Spearman test), intercategory correlation, and interparameter correlation (Pearson test). Concurrent validity was also calculated by comparing scores from the visual analog scale (Pearson test) and verbal rating scale (Spearman test) with questionnaire parameters (qualitative-to-quantitative comparisons). RESULTS: The Spanish version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire maintained a high internal validity when tested in different countries. Ordinal consistency, intercategory, interparameter, and qualitative-to-quantitative parameter correlations were similar in all countries. Few descriptors were considered to be inappropriate or difficult to understand. CONCLUSIONS: The psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire assessed in different Latin-American countries suggest that the questionnaire may be used to evaluate Spanish-speaking patients. The validity of this test should be extended with reliability studies to further establish its usefulness in the evaluation of pain.

Argentina↗
PubMed2001

An analysis of articles on neonatal pain published from 1965 to 1999.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze articles on neonatal pain indexed in MEDLINE from 1965 to 1999. METHODS: Papers published since 1965 and indexed in Medline (PubMed ) were considered. The search strategy was: 'pain' (MeSH terms) OR 'pain' (Title word) OR 'pain' (All Fields), AND 'infant, newborn' (MeSH terms). After the search was completed, a printed copy of the references was obtained, and each reference was reviewed to establish its pertinence to the study's objective. For each article, the year of publication, the journal of publication, the language of the journal, the country of the first author, the type of article and the subject were analyzed. RESULTS: Only 545 of 2490 references identified by the MEDLINE search were considered to deal with neonatal pain. Few articles on neonatal pain were published from 1965 to 1985, but the number of articles published on this topic increased sharply after 1985. Most of the papers were published in English (84.6%). The United States, Canada and the United Kingdom were the main countries that published neonatal pain articles (38.6%, 14.2% and 13.3%, respectively). Clinical research articles (31.7%) were published most frequently; the main subjects of all the articles were pain related to colic (20.4%), general neonatal pain issues (13.6%) and procedural pain (13.4%). Pediatrics and Archives of Diseases in Childhood were the journals that published the most articles on neonatal pain (27 and 22, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Pain in neonates was a neglected subject of publication until the mid-1980s, and, currently, only a few countries seem interested in this type of pain. This lack of interest may be related to the undertreatment of pain in the neonatal period.

Demography↗
PubMed2000

New tacrine-huperzine A hybrids (huprines): highly potent tight-binding acetylcholinesterase inhibitors of interest for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Several new 12-amino-6,7,10,11-tetrahydro-7, 11-methanocycloocta[b]quinoline derivatives (tacrine-huperzine A hybrids, huprines) have been synthesized and tested as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. All of the new compounds contain either a methyl or ethyl group at position 9 and one or two (chloro, fluoro, or methyl) substituents at positions 1, 2, or 3. Among the monosubstituted derivatives, the more active are those substituted at position 3, their activity following the order 3-chloro > 3-fluoro > 3-methyl > 3-hydrogen. For the 1,3-difluoro and 1,3-dimethyl derivatives, the effect of the substituents is roughly additive. No significant differences were observed for the inhibitory activity of 9-methyl vs 9-ethyl derivatives mono- or disubstituted at positions 1 and/or 3. The levorotatory enantiomers of these hybrid compounds are much more active (eutomers) than the dextrorotatory forms (distomers) as AChE inhibitors. Compounds rac-20, (-)-20, rac-26, (-)-26, rac-30, (-)-30, and rac-31 showed human AChE inhibitory activities up to 28.5-fold higher than for the corresponding bovine enzyme. Also, rac-19, (-)-20, (-)-30, and rac-31 were very selective for human AChE vs butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), the AChE inhibitory activities being 438-871-fold higher than for BChE. Several hybrid compounds, specially (-)-20 and (-)-30, exhibited tight-binding character, showing higher activity after incubation of the enzyme with the inhibitor than without incubation, though the reversible nature of the enzyme-inhibitor interaction was demonstrated by dialysis. The results of the ex vivo experiments also supported the tight-binding character of compounds (-)-20 and (-)-30 and showed their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Molecular modeling simulations of the AChE-inhibitor complex provided a basis to explain the differences in inhibitory activity of these compounds.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed2000

N-Benzylpiperidine derivatives of 1,2,4-thiadiazolidinone as new acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.

A new family of 1,2,4-thiadiazolidinone derivatives containing the N-benzylpiperidine fragment has been synthesised. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity of all compounds was measured using Ellman's method and some of them turned out to be as potent as tacrine. Furthermore, compound 13 was as active as tacrine in reversing the blockade induced by tubocurarine at rat neuromuscular junction. Additionally, receptor binding studies provided new lead compounds for further development of alpha2-adrenergic and sigma-receptor antagonists. Molecular dynamic simulation using X-ray crystal structure of AChE from Torpedo californica was used to explain the possible binding mode of these new compounds.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1999

An epidemiological comparison of pain complaints in the general population of Catalonia (Spain).

Epidemiological studies help to establish the health status in a country and allow a better allocation of economic resources. This survey estimated pain prevalence in Catalonia (Spain), analysed its relationship with demographic variables and evaluated pain-associated disabilities. The study was carried out in 1964 adults via phone interviews asking about any pain complaint they experienced in the last 6 months, regardless of its intensity and duration. Overall pain prevalence was 78.6%, significantly lower in men, with a trend to decrease with age. Back (50.9%), head (42%) and legs (36.8%) were the most affected locations. Less educated people reported, in general, higher prevalences. Pain described to be most annoying was related to musculoskeletal disease (26.2%) and migraines (16.5%). Pain was either very severe or unbearable in 33% of the sample, with women and older people reporting higher intensities. Personal and social activities were affected in 25.4% of cases and in 10.4% they became virtually impossible. Both the limitation of activity and the need for bed rest, which occurred in 19.6% of those who suffered pain, were more common amongst unemployed people, whereas 10.2% of workers had to take days off work due to pain, and 3.3% were fully incapacitated by it. In conclusion, the prevalence of pain was clearly higher among women, with an inverse relationship to age. Back pain and headaches were most prevalent and pain was rated as very severe to unbearable in one third of the patients. Pain-associated disabilities were a frequent finding. The present survey reports that pain is a substantial problem in the Catalonian population and generally reflects the characteristics of data previously reported in Anglo-saxon and Scandinavian countries.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Management of postoperative pain in abdominal surgery in Spain. A multicentre drug utilization study.

AIMS: Postoperative pain is common in hospital-admitted patients. Its management is determined by different therapeutic traditions and by the attitudes of health professionals in each hospital. The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of prescription and administration of analgesic drugs used for postoperative pain after abdominal surgery in Spanish hospitals, to know the prevalence and the severity of postoperative pain, and to determine the extent of variability in the management of postoperative pain among the participating centres. METHODS: The study was a multicentre descriptive cross-sectional drug utilization study in 12 Spanish hospitals. The subjects were an unselected sample of consecutive patients undergoing abdominal surgery, admitted between October 1994 and January 1995. For each patient, information about the surgical procedure and the use of analgesics was prospectively collected. The severity of postoperative pain was assessed during the first day after surgery by means of a six-category (none, mild, moderate, severe, very severe, and unbearable) rating scale and a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS: Nine hundred and ninety-three patients (547 men) were included. The most common surgical procedures were inguinal hernia repair (315, 32%), cholecystectomy (268, 27%), appendectomy (140, 14%), bowel resection (137, 14%), and gastric surgery (58, 6%). Fifty-nine percent of patients (587) received nonopioid analgesics only, 9% (89) received opioid analgesics only, and 27% (263) received both opioid and nonopioid analgesics. The most frequently administered drugs were metamizole (667 patients) and pethidine (213 patients). Although in the majority of medical orders the administration of analgesics was scheduled at regular time intervals, the majority of actual doses were given 'as-needed'. The average administered daily doses of all analgesics were lower than those prescribed. Thirty-eight percent (371/967) of patients rated their maximum pain on the first day as severe to unbearable. Wide interhospital variability was recorded in the surgical procedures which had been performed, in the analgesics used, and also in the pain scores referred by patients. The percentage of patients in each centre who suffered severe to unbearable pain varied from 22 to 67%. CONCLUSIONS: In Spain many patients still suffer severe pain after abdominal surgery, and this seems to be due to an inadequate use of analgesics. Wide interhospital variability in the management of postoperative pain and in its prevalence was also recorded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Patterns of regular drug use in Spanish childbearing women: changes elicited by pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: To determine drug use in Spanish women before pregnancy and from conception to the awareness of pregnancy (early period of pregnancy, EPP), as well as to analyse attitudinal changes when pregnancy was planned or known. METHODS: Trained gynaecologists used a structured questionnaire to collect demographic and obstetric characteristics, histories of regular drug taking before pregnancy, attitudes towards drug taking during pregnancy and current drug use in the EPP. Women were interviewed at their first antenatal visit during the first trimester. RESULTS: Two hundred and seventy-two women were included (mean age 29.3 years and 66.3 days of gestation). Before pregnancy, 24% regularly took drugs, 70% of them more than twice a week; a significantly higher frequency was found in those receiving public antenatal care and in those who had had less education. In 39% of women, awareness of pregnancy did not change their attitudes towards regular drug use. Among those who decided to suppress their regular drug intake, 58% did so when their pregnancy was confirmed and 42% when they planned it. In women who planned their pregnancy, 30.1% stopped when they tried to become pregnant. However, 62% of all women took drugs during the EPP. In private antenatal care significantly more drugs were taken per patient. By the 168 women 278 compounds were consumed during the EPP: 40% were analgesics (mainly paracetamol and acetylsalicylic acid) and 25% were digestive and metabolic drugs (mainly antacids and laxatives). Drugs were often used more than twice a week, particularly in women receiving public antenatal care and in those who had had less education. CONCLUSION: Drug taking is common in Spanish women of childbearing age, and many of those in our study did not decide to stop during the EPP. Few women avoid drugs when planning a pregnancy. Therefore, gynaecologists must advise against drug taking in patients who wish to become pregnant and suggest that unnecessary drug use be avoided when the pregnancy is already diagnosed.

Adult↗