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Biomedical subjects

J E Bartels

Publications and source records attributed to J E Bartels.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Ultrastructural changes of chondrocytes of growth plates of young broiler chickens predisposed to tibial dyschondroplasia.

Growth plates from the proximal tibiotarsal bones of growing broiler chickens from lines exhibiting high and low incidences of tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) were compared for ultrastructural differences. Samples of growth plates were collected from five chickens of each line at 2, 7, 14, and 21 d of age. Each sample was prepared for ultrastructural evaluation after initial fixation in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and secondary fixation in 1% osmium tetroxide, each containing .7% ruthenium hexamine trichloride. No gross TD lesions were observed. The ultrastructure of growth plates of birds at 2, 7, and 14 d of age was similar between the groups. However, at 21 d of age, chondrocytes in the prehypertrophic zone of the high incidence group contained large lipid inclusions and vesiculated and disarranged stacks of rough endoplasmic reticulum with greatly dilated cisternae. Apoptotic and necrotic chondrocytes were present in the hypertrophic zone. Nuclei of apoptotic chondrocytes contained crescentic caps of condensed chromatin. The cytoplasm contained short segments of dilated granular endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets, and vacuoles. Necrotic chondrocytes appeared as amorphous masses with pyknotic and karyorrhectic nuclei. These changes were not observed in chondrocytes of the low TD incidence group and have not been previously reported in nonthickened growth plate cartilage.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Computed tomographic morphometry of the lumbosacral spine of dogs.

In a 5-year prospective study, computed tomographic (CT) morphometry of the lumbosacral vertebral canal was performed on 42 large-breed dogs (21 controls and 21 dogs with lumbosacral stenosis). Dogs were allotted to 4 groups. Group 1 (n = 13) consisted of cadaver specimens obtained from dogs that died or were euthanatized for reasons unrelated to the spine; group 2 (n = 8) consisted of live dogs with no history of clinical signs related to the spine and with normal neurologic examination findings; group 3 (n = 10) consisted of dogs with surgically confirmed lumbosacral stenosis; and group 4 (n = 11) consisted of dogs with suspected lumbosacral stenosis that were managed conservatively. The CT scans were performed, using 5-mm contiguous slices obtained perpendicular to the vertebral canal, from the midbody of the 5th lumbar vertebra through the caudal endplate of the sacrum (L5-S3). Lumbosacral lordosis was minimized in all dogs by positioning them in dorsal recumbency with the hind limbs flexed. A tuberculin syringe calibration phantom was placed within the scanning field of view, parallel to the axis of the spine. In each dog, 11 CT slice locations within the lumbosacral spine were evaluated. At each slice location, sagittal plane diameter, dorsal plane diameter, and transverse area of the vertebral canal, vertebral body, and calibration phantom were measured, using the CT computer's software programs for distance and area calculation. Window/level settings were constant, and all measurements were made by the same operator (JCJ). Accuracy of calibration phantom CT measurements was 100% for sagittal and dorsal plane diameter and was 85% for transverse area.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Congenital maldevelopment of the tibia in two calves.

Two calves were admitted for evaluation of valgus deformity centered at the middiaphysis of the right tibia. Each deformity was observed at the time of attended, unassisted birth. The limbs were stable and the calves were ambulatory. Radiography revealed a thick lateral cortex and radiating trabecular bone pattern. The valgus deformities (75 degrees and 45 degrees) were treated by corrective osteotomy. One of the cows was bred and carried a clinically normal fetus to near term before dying of undetermined causes. The angular limb deformities appeared to be attributable to in utero bending stress and bone remodeling early in gestation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Divergent genetic selection for incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia in broilers at seven weeks of age.

Selection for a high (H) or low (L) incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) at 7 wk of age was practiced for four generations in broiler breeders using low intensity x-ray imaging (Lixiscope) for TD diagnosis. As a result, broiler lines with H or L incidence of TD at 7 wk of age were developed keeping a randomly selected control (C) broiler line. A total of 4,232 chicks were hatched representing 172 sires and 612 dams over four generations for the H, L, and C lines. The TD scores at 7 wk were collected on 4,056 broilers. Incidence of TD at 4 and 7 wk of age were studied in the C, H, and L lines of broilers. Direct response to selection in the H and L lines were estimated per generation and per weighted cumulative selection differential (WCSD). Total WCSD deviation from the C line for incidence of TD at 7 wk of age was 1.496 and -.42 units for the H and the L lines, respectively. The response per generation for incidence of TD at 7 wk of age for the H line was .153 +/- .028 units. The realized heritability for the H line for incidence of TD at 7 wk of age was .437 +/- .065. The incidence of TD was not significantly decreased in the L line at 7 wk of age.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1993

Correlated responses to selection for high or low incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia in broilers.

Selection for a high or a low incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) at 7 wk of age was practiced for four generations in broiler breeders keeping an unselected control (C) line and using low intensity X-ray imaging for TD diagnosis. The incidence of TD, BW at 4 and 7 wk of age, age at first egg, and egg production for the first 12 wk of production were determined in the four generations. Age at initial semen production and semen volume and concentration of males were determined only in Generations 3 and 4. The TD scores and BW at 7 wk were collected on 1,366, 1,301, and 1,389 broilers from the C, high (H), and low (L) incidence of TD lines. Incidence of TD at 7 wk in the fourth generation was 16.1, 61.9, and 3.5% for the C, H, and L lines, respectively. There were no significant differences in BW between the H and L lines in Generations 1, 3, or 4. However, in Generation 2, the H line was heavier (P < .01) than the L line. Second generation H line broilers with TD were heavier than those without TD at 4 and 7 wk of age (P < .01). There were no significant differences in age at first egg, age at semen production, or in semen volume between the H and the L lines. Egg production in the L line was greater (P < .01) than that of the H line in all four generations, and semen concentration was also greater (P < .01) in Generations 3 and 4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Comparative study of ultrasonography and arteriography of the carotid artery of xylazine-sedated and halothane-anesthetized goats.

The carotid artery of clinically normal goats was examined, using duplex ultrasonography and arteriography. The diameter of the carotid artery was measured by use of two-dimensional ultrasonography and Doppler ultrasonography, respectively, before and after xylazine administration. The diameter of the artery was also measured by use of an arteriography technique in halothane-anesthetized goats. There was no significant difference between the mean diameter of the carotid artery measured by ultrasonography in conscious nonsedated goats and that determined by arteriography in goats under halothane anesthesia. On the other hand, ultrasonography of xylazine-sedated goats revealed an increase of carotid artery diameter of 20 to 30%. There was no change in the velocity of blood flow after xylazine administration.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1979

Congenital elbow luxation in the dog.

Four cases of bilateral and two cases of unilateral congenital elbow luxation in the dog were reviewed. In all cases, lameness was severe, osseous abnormalities were marked, and the dislocations primarily involved the humeroulnar articulation. Treatment consisted of closed reduction and external support in one dog and surgical reduction and stabilization in four dogs. One dog died before surgery could be performed. Treatment resulted in return of function to the affected limbs, even though osseous abnormalities and varying degrees of malarticulation persisted. Posttreatment observations, for as long as 4 years, demonstrated the persistence of near normal function of the limbs and minimal elbow deformity.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Neurologic complications of IgA multiple myeloma associated with cryoglobulinemia in a dog.

A diagnosis of vertebral multiple myeloma, based on radiographic evidence of osteolytic lesions and the finding of monoclonal paraprotein and large numbers of plasma cells in bone marrow biopsies, was made in a mature Doberman Pinscher. The abnormal serum paraprotein was a cryoglobulin of the immunoglobulin A class. Neurologic signs associated with the tumor included pain, progressive pelvic limb paresis, and paraplegia that developed during a 6-week period.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Angiography of the crus penis in the ram and buck during erection.

Serial angiography was used to determine blood flow patterns to the penis of rams and bucks. Animals were anesthetized and the internal pudendal artery was catheterized so that contrast medium could be injected toward the crus penis area. By comparing vascular patterns of the ram and buck during erection, it was found that flow patterns of the corpus cavernosum penis (CCP) and corpus spongiosum penis (CSP) were similar for both species. Contraction of the ischiocavernosus muscles occluded the arterial inflow and venous outflow to the CCP, making it a closed system during peak erection. However, during erection, the contrast medium continued to flow into the CSP, showing that it is not a closed system. In the vasodilatation phase, the CSP usually filled before and more intensely than did the CCP.

Angiography↗