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Biomedical subjects

J E Galbraith

Publications and source records attributed to J E Galbraith.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

ASPECT in the Pacific: walking the aid tightrope. Australian South Pacific Eye Consultant Teams.

The Australian South Pacific Eye Consultant Teams (ASPECT) have been functioning since 1985, building on previous experience with the provision of eye health services in the independent countries of the South Pacific. The key issues in the provision of aid to developing countries are the desires of those countries to receive aid, the delivery of care that is pertinent to local conditions and the training which can be delivered to local health care workers so that aid programmes will eventually make themselves redundant.

Australia↗
PubMed1992

Epidemiology of blindness and visual impairment in Vanuatu.

A population-based survey of blindness was conducted in Vanuatu. Data were gathered on a sample of 3520 of the approximately 150,000 inhabitants of Vanuatu aged at least 6 years, in order to estimate the prevalence and causes of blindness among the whole population. An overall prevalence of blindness of 4.0 per 1000 was found, 85% of which was due to cataract, an avoidable cause of this disability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Public hospital day-case surgery in a dedicated facility.

The first dedicated, public hospital day-case eye surgery unit opened in Melbourne in June 1987. This report details the mode of operation of this unit, and analyses the 218 procedures performed in the first 15 months of operation, and includes an assessment of the level of patient acceptance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Ocular toxicity of quinine.

A case of ocular toxicity of quinine is described. The effectiveness of a number of treatment modalities is evaluated in the light of its pathogenesis and potential for spontaneous recovery of sight.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Optic nerve decompression in benign intracranial hypertension.

Fourteen patients with benign intracranial hypertension who failed to respond to medical treatment, were treated with optic nerve decompression to prevent the sequelae of chronic unrelieved papilloedema. The mechanism by which optic nerve decompression protects the optic nerve is uncertain. These patients were reviewed to evaluate the efficacy of the procedure in the treatment of benign intracranial hypertension and to assess its mechanism of action. Preoperatively all patients had papilloedema, 11 patients had visual obscurations and 6 patients had evidence of visual failure. Postoperatively, visual obscurations and papilloedema resolved in all patients, and 5 of 6 patients had no further deterioration of visual function. Six patients had symptoms of raised intracranial pressure preoperatively and in 3 the symptoms resolved after surgery. Three patients had unilateral optic nerve decompression and papilloedema resolved in both eyes. In 1 patient intracranial pressure monitoring revealed raised pressure preoperatively with no significant change in the first 24 hours after surgery. We conclude that optic nerve decompression is effective in the treatment of benign intracranial hypertension, has its effect locally, and in some patients may lower the intracranial pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Review of orbital surgery.

A review of cases undergoing orbital surgery over the past ten years is presented. Accurate pre-operative localisation by clinical and radiological means is emphasised. The choice of the correct operative approach is dependent on accurate diagnosis of the site of the lesion. Most orbital lesions can be reached through a simple anterior, extra-periosteal approach.

Eye Diseases↗
PubMed1979

The reliability of coronary angiogram interpretation: an angiographic-pathologic correlation with a comparison of radiographic views.

This prospective study correlates premortem coronary angiographic interpretation with pathologic findings including the use of postmortem coronary angiograms. The reliability of a single radiographic view, left anterior oblique or right anterior oblique, or combined views (left anterior oblique plus right anterior oblique) was examined. The most reliable interpretation, the combined view, has a specificity of 93 per cent, but sensitivity is less at 61 per cent. Using a single view enhances diagnosis (sensitivity), but it leads to overestimation more frequently (decreased specificity). Proximal segments of the coronary arteries are prone to a significant per cent of false positive readings. The most accurate assessment of the anterior descending coronary artery system occurs with the use of the right anterior oblique with multiple views. Less routine use of the left anterior oblique view with increased use of the hemiaxial view is suggested for the angiography of the left coronary artery. Initial cusp injections of the right coronary artery may avoid a high per cent of false positive readings in the proximal segment.

Angiography↗
PubMed1979

Primary cutaneous malignant melanoma metastatic to the iris.

We describe a case of cutaneous malignant melanoma metastatic to the iris as the first presenting sign of metastases 10 years after excision of the primary tumour. The histology of the excised iris metastases and the primary skin melanoma are compared. Progressive intracranial metastatic growth did not correlate with the observed regression of the residual intraocular melanoma cells during cyclical cytotoxic therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Coronary angiogram interpretation. Interobserver variability.

Clinicopathological correlation of premortem coronary angiograms and postmortem data was performed to determine the degree of interobserver variability in the clinical interpretation of coronary angiograms using the pathological findings as the standard of accuracy. Comparison of the independent interpretations of the antemortem coronary angiograms by three cardiologists showed no substantial difference in overall diagnostic accuracy among the three observers. In the majority of instances where a substantial angiographic lesion was found on coronary angiography, it was verified pathologically. In false-positive or false-negative interpretations, a majority opinion was accurate when compared with a pathological lesion in 50% of the instances. Despite the fact that coronary angiography is an excellent diagnostic tool, there remain limitations of the accuracy of interpretation not solved by a majority opinion.

Angiography↗
PubMed1977

Ophthalmic microsurgery.

The introduction of microsurgical procedures to ophthalmology has resulted in an increased success rate with established operations. New operations which can only be performed with the operating microscope have also been developed. As long as certain basic principles are followed, surgery with the microscope has wide application, and lies within the expertise of all surgeons.

Air↗
PubMed1976

Left ventricular--right atrial shunt: an unusual cause of hemodynamic deterioration following aortic valve surgery.

Two cases of left ventricular-right atrial shunts inadvertently produced during aortic valve replacement are described. It is surprising that this complication is not more prevalent considering the close proximity of the aortic and mitral valves to the atrioventricular portion of the membranous septum. A left-to-right shunt should be a consideration in patients who fail to improve following aortic valve surgery, especially if the valve and subaortic region were heavily calcified or septal trauma occurred during the surgical procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Letter: Practolol.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Eye Diseases↗