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Biomedical subjects

J E Jacobs

Publications and source records attributed to J E Jacobs.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Cross-sectional imaging of idiopathic solitary renal vein varix: report of two cases.

Two cases of solitary renal vein varices are reported which presented as incidental findings on abdominal computed tomography (CT) and were initially thought to represent retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Contrast-enhanced CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and Doppler ultrasound (US), all demonstrated the vascular nature of these masses suggesting the correct diagnosis. When a rounded soft tissue density mass is seen on noncontrast-enhanced CT either in or contiguous to the renal hilum, a renal vein varix must be excluded. Doppler US, MRI, or dynamic contrast-enhanced CT should be done to exclude a renal varix as the cause.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Wideband acoustic transmission of human lungs.

The measurement of sound transmission in human lungs has shown promise to reveal, by noninvasive methods, information about the structure of peripheral airways and lung tissue. The paper gives a detailed explanation of the instrumentation and testing methods developed to measure sound transmission through human lungs and thoracic structures in the 5-20 kHz frequency range and describes in detail experiments comparing the acoustic lung transmission patterns of four different subject groups. The experimental results are compared with those predicted by an acoustical model of sound transmission through lung parenchyma.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1985

Transducer system for the noninvasive recording of arterial pressure contours.

A transducer system is described that permits noninvasive recordings of the pressure-vs-time arterial profile at any palpable site on the body. A thin (30 microns) piezoelectric polymer film of polyvinylidene fluoride serves as the active element and as the mechanical coupler to the skin. The system has high frequency response and a low frequency cut-off of 0.16 Hz. The active element and its support provides a good mechanical impedance match with the skin. The transducer housing resembles a thick wrist watch and is strapped in place. The complete system is designed to record as many as four simultaneous profiles on a subject. Comparisons of the noninvasive transducer records with records taken with an indwelling catheter indicate congruence of the two signals and the first and second derivatives of the two signals, both when the transducer is applied directly to the skin and when a layer of fat is interposed between the skin and the transducer. The system provides a simple atraumatic means of periodically screening and/or monitoring cardiovascular changes in large populations of subjects and would provide a means of tracking changes induced by therapeutic programs.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1982

Wideband acoustic energy studies of pulmonary airways.

The impulse response of the pulmonary system has been measured by exciting the system with wideband acoustic noise introduced through the mouth. The transmitted sound is detected using microphones placed on the patient's back at appropriate locations. A specially designed analog correlator is used to obtain the impulse response of the pulmonary system through cross-correlation techniques. Uniquely characteristic responses have been obtained from smoking and nonsmoking patient groups.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1976

Ultrasound spectroscopy applied to blood coagulation studies.

Two frequency scanning ultrasonic spectrographs utilizing time-delay signal processing techniques have been developed. These permit measurement of time delays (and hence velocity changes) in a sample in the order of 10(-8) s. The present instruments allow such measurements to be made continuously over a frequency range of 1-10 MHz. These instruments have been used to monitor changes in velocity as a function of frequency during coagulation in purified human fibrinogen solution and human plasma. It was found that velocity dispersion occurred at discrete frequencies during the coagulation process. The frequency dependent data is reproducible, although this depends to some extent upon the samples used. The instruments which were calibrated using a fixed length of coaxial cable, exhibit a high degree of reproducibility.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Focal fatty sparing of the pancreatic head in cystic fibrosis: CT findings.

The most common imaging appearance of the pancreas in cystic fibrosis is diffuse, complete fatty replacement. We present a case of complete fatty replacement of the pancreatic body and tail with total sparing of the pancreatic head. To our knowledge, this pattern of fatty sparing and its associated computed tomographic appearance have not been previously reported in cystic fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abdominal visceral calcification in primary amyloidosis: CT findings.

The computed tomographic (CT) findings of extensive visceral calcification involving both the liver and spleen in a patient with primary amyloidosis are presented. Although the CT imaging appearances of amyloidosis are often nonspecific, visceral calcification represents an important diagnostic clue for differentiating this entity from other infiltrative parenchymal diseases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intrauterine low density in women over 50. Assessment of significance and recommendations for follow-up.

Patients over 50 years old with intrauterine low density on enhanced computed tomography were analyzed. Uterine volume and volume of intrauterine low density were calculated. Intrauterine low density was expressed as a percent of uterine volume. At 1-year follow-up, 23 (63.9%) had uterine malignancy and 13 (36.2%) had benign findings. All patients whose intrauterine low density exceeded 35% of the total uterine volume had a malignancy (p < 0.001). If intrauterine low density exceeds 35% of uterine volume, evaluation of uterine malignancy should be performed regardless of symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Omental caking in Hodgkin's disease. Computed tomography findings.

Neoplastic infiltration of the greater omentum is most commonly caused by metastatic ovarian, gastric, colonic, or pancreatic carcinoma. Because the omentum lacks lymphoid elements, lymphomatous infiltration is uncommon. To date, omental involvement by lymphoma has been reported exclusively in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. In this report, the computed tomography findings of omental caking caused by Hodgkin's lymphoma are described. Although rare, both Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas should be included in the differential diagnosis of omental caking.

Diagnosis, Differential↗