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Biomedical subjects

J E McGinness

Publications and source records attributed to J E McGinness.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of dose schedule of vitamin E and hydroxethylruticide on intestinal toxicity induced by adriamycin.

CDF1 mice receiving Adriamycin, 12 mg/kg IP develop a toxic GI mucositis. The mean survival in CDF1 mice after Adriamycin injection was found to be 6.5 +/- 2.0 weeks and could be increased by alcohol or acetate Vitamin E pretreatment (with 2 g/kg qDx7d) to 22.06 +/- 12.3 weeks or by treatment with Venoruton after Adriamycin (qDx7 with 1.5 g/kg) to 23.7 +/- 12.7 weeks. Other schedules were ineffective or harmful. The ability of Venoruton to enhance survival when given after Adriamycin encouraged us to proceed to tumor bearing mice. The maximum survival with CDF1 mice bearing 5 X 10(6) L1210 cells was 1 +/- 0.2 week which could be increased to 2.17 +/- 0.8 weeks with optimal dose Adriamycin (10 mg/kg). Optimum survival with Venoruton and a single dose of Adriamycin was 2.45 +/- 0.91 weeks with Venoruton, 1.5 g, qd X 14, and 12 mg/kg Adriamycin. Treatment of L1210 bearing mice with Adriamycin, 10 mg/kg on days 1 and 8, yielded a survival of 2.23 +/- 0.7 weeks. An equitoxic regimen of Adriamycin, 11 mg/kg on days 1 and 9, plus Venoruton, 1.5 g, qd X 14, increased survival 30% to 3.08 +/- 2.9 weeks. Venoruton is a promising agent to increase the therapeutic index of Adriamycin.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Reversible and irreversible changes in hydrogen ion titration curves of melanins.

Hydrogen ion titration curves obtained on melanins prepared and modified differently show recognizable differences. Melanin prepared with NaOH exhibits irreversible loss of functional groups in the base range once titrated acidic. Melanin prepared with NH4OH shows two main branches selected by incubation at an extreme pH for 24 h. Longer exposure reveals other curves but they disappear once a 24-h schedule of titration is resumed. The existence of two major pH branches appears consistent with the oxidation-reduction properties of melanins. These results demonstrate the ability to obtain a reproducible feature in the hydrogen ion titration curves. Thus it is finally possible to quantitate CO2 adsorbed to melanin in solution at basic pH.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1979

Spontaneous generation of adriamycin semiquinone radicals at physiologic pH.

Adriamycin semiquinone radicals are spontaneously generated by adriamycin solutions at physiologic pH. Rate of radical formation and equilibrium-state radical yield increase with increasing pH from 7.4 to 8.85. The radicals are oxygen sensitive, but the mechanism of radical formation is oxygen independent and associated with proton removal from the dihydroquinone of adriamycin. The less cardiotoxic and non-mutagenic (Ames test) anthracycline 5-iminodaunorubicin does not form semiquinone radicals spontaneously at physiologic pH.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Arsenic and cancer: effects of joint administration of arsenite and selenite on the genesis of mammary adenocarcinoma in inbred female C3H/St mice.

The joint administration of 2 ppm of arsenic as arsenite and of 2 ppm of selenium as selenite in the drinking water of inbred female C3H/St mice increases the incidence of spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma significantly over the simultaneous controls and animals receiving 2 ppm As as arsenite or 2 ppm Se as selenite alone, indicating that arsenic abolishes the anticarcinogenic effect of selenium. Arsenite caused a significant increase of the tumor growth rates and raised the incidence of multiple tumors. The tumor growth rates in the As-Se group were also increased, but the incidence of multiple tumors was lower than in the 2 ppm As group.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Amelioration of cis-platinum nephrotoxicity by orgotein (superoxide dismutase).

In rats, daily administration of subcutaneous dose of 2.5 mg/kg of orgotein, the pharmaceutical preparation of Zn-Cu superoxide dismutase, lowers the nephrotoxicity induced by a 5.0 mg/kg dose of the antitumor agent cis-platinum (cis-diaminedichloroplatinum II). The toxicity of cis-platinum was studied by comparative measurements of blood urea nitrogen and changes in body weight, and by comparative renal histology. In addition to their direct clinical applicability, these results support a role for pathologic levels of oxygen radicals in the etiology of the nephrotoxicity of cis-platinum.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Mobility gaps: a mechanism for band gaps in melanins.

The semiconductor behavior of melanins is reviewed and compared with quantum mechanical models of conduction in amorphous solids. The available data are consistent with extensions of Mott's basic model for amorphous semiconductors, whereas they are inconsistent with crystalline semiconductor models. An investigation of the specific conduction mechanisms operative in melanins in terms of the amorphous model should reveal important aspects of the band structure.

Electric Conductivity↗