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Biomedical subjects

J E Rasmussen

Publications and source records attributed to J E Rasmussen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Recent advances in pediatric infectious diseases and their impact on dermatology.

The past five years have seen numerous advances in the field of pediatric infectious diseases, and many of these have a substantial impact on the practice of dermatology. We review some of these advances and discuss their implications on etiology, diagnosis, therapy and complications of some relatively common conditions. The etiologic agent of exanthum subitum (roseola infantum) has been clearly implicated as a herpesvirus-6. Although in the classically described situation high fever in a young child is followed by defervescence and rash, two new scenarios have been described associated with this virus. The first is fever without rash and the second is rash without fever. The etiologic agent of erythema infectiosum ("slapped cheek") has been shown to be a human parvovirus B19. The virus has also been associated with aplastic crises (in hemoglobinopathies), hydrops fetalis, and a syndrome of subacute arthralgias in women. The etiologic agent in cat-scratch disease has recently been shown to be a small pleomorphic bacillus that also can produce pyogenic granuloma-like lesions in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The number of cases of congenital syphilis, particularly in large cities, is increasing tremendously. Many of these infants have received no prenatal care because of drug abuse problems in their parents. Finally, we describe the changing etiology of impetigo that is predominantly associated with Staphylococcus aureus. We further describe the growing resistance to erythromycin and several new erythromycin drug-drug interactions.

Cat-Scratch Disease↗
PubMed1991

An unusual presentation of fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis: a case report and review of the literature.

Sporotrichosis is extremely rare in infants. This report describes an 84-day-old girl with fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis, presumably transmitted by a cat. A rapid, complete response to a low dose of oral potassium iodide therapy was attained. To our knowledge, this is the youngest reported patient with sporotrichosis, as well as the lowest effective daily dose of potassium iodide.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Clinical manifestations of human papillomavirus infection in nongenital sites.

Our knowledge of warts dates thousands of years. Most warts represent no more than a transient infection in the hands and feet of children and adults. With the relatively recent medical advances permitting the prolonged survival of immunocompromised hosts, however, HPV-induced lesions have become an important problem. In these patients, lesions represent a recurring, intractable infection that predisposes the patient to the development of skin cancer. Such problems have been appreciated for some time in patients with EV. Newer laboratory techniques have led to an increasing number of clinical entities linked with an HPV cause in the nonimmunosuppressed host. Although evidence incriminating HPV as a causative factor for genital cancers of the cervix and the skin continues to mount, such evidence for nongenital Bowen's disease, certain squamous cell carcinomas of the skin, keratoacanthomas, and other tumors of the skin also has begun to grow. It is to be hoped that continued advances in molecular biologic techniques will further delineate the relationship between HPV and these conditions, lead to an HPV classification scheme that is more utilitarian from a clinical point of view, and ultimately lead to improved treatment.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1990

Koebnerization as a cutaneous manifestation of immune complex-mediated vasculitis.

Two unusual examples of the cutaneous manifestations of vasculitis are presented. In both cases lesions occurred on previously traumatized skin and on normal skin of the dependent areas. Lesional skin biopsy specimens obtained from the koebnerized sites and from the other dependent sites revealed evidence of vascular injury in both patients. A diagnosis of leukocytoclastic vasculitis was made in one patient and pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta in the other. Direct immunofluorescence microscopy of lesional skin specimens from both patients demonstrated dermal vascular immune deposits. Raji cell assay detected a significant elevation of circulating immune complexes in the serum of both patients. Neither koebnerizing leukocytoclastic vasculitis nor koebnerizing pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta has been reported previously.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Keratoses in patients with psoriasis: a prospective study in fifty-two inpatients.

Twenty-eight of 52 consecutive psoriasis inpatients admitted for therapy with the modified Goeckerman regimen had discrete, gray-white, asymptomatic, keratotic lesions approximately 4 mm in diameter at discharge from the hospital. In 18 of these 28 patients no keratoses were noted on admission. In 9 of 10 patients who had keratoses at admission, there was an increase in number at discharge. All patients with keratoses on admission had multiple, closely spaced previous admissions. No age, sex, or skin type predominance was evident in the group with keratoses compared with the remainder of the group (24 patients) who did not have keratoses. The development of keratoses was not related to the type or duration of psoriasis. Statistically significant predisposing factors were the number of UVB and PUVA treatments and the number of inpatient admissions. Fifty-two percent were located on the extremities, 33% on the trunk, and 15% on the face, head, and neck. Histologic examination of these lesions suggested that they may be a variant of seborrheic keratoses. We have not seen these lesions on patients receiving UVB, PUVA, or tar therapy for other diseases. This raises the possibility that these lesions may be unique to psoriasis and most likely are related to long-term therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Congenital midline nasal masses: diagnosis and management.

Congenital midline nasal masses (CMNMs) are rare lesions most commonly caused by dermoids, hemangiomas, nasal gliomas or encephaloceles. We report a case of nasal glioma and discuss the embryologic development, evaluation, and management of such CMNMs.

Glioma↗
PubMed1990

The effects of estradiol on the growth patterns of estrogen receptor-positive hypothalamic cell lines.

Although it appears that the perinatal development of sexual phenotype in the rodent brain is determined by exposure to estradiol, generated locally via aromatization of androgen, the mechanisms underlying this process are not fully understood. We have, therefore, developed an in vitro model of hormone action based upon examining the effects of sex steroids on SV-40-transformed fetal rat hypothalamic cell lines. Using serum-free growth factor-deficient conditions the effects of 17 alpha- and 17 beta-estradiol, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and tamoxifen on survival of two estrogen-binding rat hypothalamic cell lines were examined. In one cell line, RCF-8, both 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone increased survival at picomolar concentrations. This effect was blocked by tamoxifen, but could not be reproduced by the nonaromatizable androgen DHT or the inactive isomer 17 alpha-estradiol. In the other cell line, RCA-6, addition of 17 beta-estradiol led to inhibition of cellular proliferation, which was reversed by the addition of tamoxifen. In an estrogen receptor-negative hypothalamic cell line, RCF-12, estradiol had no net effect on the growth pattern. In summary, the estrogen-binding capacity and the responsiveness to physiological concentrations of estradiol and testosterone, but not DHT, make the RCF-8 cell line a potential in vitro model of hypothalamic sexual differentiation. The use of estrogen-sensitive hypothalamic cell lines provides a unique opportunity for studying the cellular mechanisms underlying this process.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Advances in nondietary management of children with atopic dermatitis.

This paper discusses recent advances in therapy of atopic dermatitis (AD), excluding those that include dietary management. Some of these therapies are anecdotal, experimental, or somewhat controversial. It is important to emphasize that physicians should not try what is new without first having given standard therapy a long and reasonable chance to succeed. This is important because AD does not last forever, and in many patients, mild disease heals spontaneously.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗