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Biomedical subjects

J E Sturrock

Publications and source records attributed to J E Sturrock.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Halothane does not inhibit human neutrophil function in vitro.

Various indices of function of neutrophils from normal healthy volunteers have been examined after in vitro exposure to halothane. Random free movement on glass was unaffected, but random migration through millipore filters was slightly increased. There was no significant change in migration in response to casein chemotaxis. Phagocytosis, degranulation and the enhanced non-mitochondrial respiration associated with phagocytosis were unaffected. Electron-microscopic appearance at 30 s after exposure to latex particles was normal in all respects.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1979

Cytotoxic effects of procaine, lignocaine and bupivacaine.

Cytotoxic effects of procaine, lignocaine and bupivacaine were investigated on cultures of Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. Cell growth was inhibited over 24 h exposures with an ED50 of 0.17% for procaine, 0.07% for lignocaine and 0.02% for bupivacaine. Cell survival (measured as colony-forming ability) was reduced over 24 h exposure with an ED50 of 0.21% for procaine, 0.09% for lignocaine and 0.06% for bupivacaine. Morphological changes included vacuolation, cell rounding and retraction from the surface on which the cells were growing. Motility was reduced to about 50% of control by lignocaine 0.1%. On removal of the local anaesthetics, cell growth was resumed after about 15 h without evidence of chromosome damage. Corresponding changes induced by inhalation anaesthetics are only seen at two to three times the minimal alveolar concentration required for anaesthesia.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

No mutagenic effect of enflurane on cultured cells.

Enflurane was tested by the 8-azaguanine system for any evidence of mutagenic effects. No significant increase in the number of mutant colonies compared with controls was found after 24 h of exposure of Chinese hamster cells to 1.5-6.5% enflurane and no damaged chromosomes were seen in metaphase cells on slides. Studies of inhibition of growth rate by enflurane show that in this respect its effects were similar in magnitude to other commonly used inhalation anaesthetic agents, but with regard to cell survival (as measured by colony-forming ability) there was surprisingly little increase in toxicity with increasing concentrations of enflurane.

Azaguanine↗
PubMed1976

Effect of inhalation anaesthetics on division of bone-marrow cells in vitro.

The effect of halothane or nitrous oxide or both, on division of cultured, murine bone-marrow cells was investigated. Halothane caused a dose-dependent depression of growth rate ranging from a minimal effect at 0.5% to almost total inhibition at 2.0%. Nitrous oxide 75% had an effect similar to 0.5% halothane and the combination of 0.75% halothane with 75% nitrous oxide produced results little different from 1.0% halothane alone. There was good recovery from 1.0% but not from 2.0% halothane. It is concluded that, in vitro, bone-marrow cells show a similar sensitivity to these agents as was found for other mammalian cell lines which have been investigated. The effect of nitrous oxide was no more than proportional to its narcotic potency relative to halothane.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Synergism between halothane and nitrous oxide in the production of nuclear abnormalities in the dividing fibroblast.

When Chinese hamster fibroblasts divide in the presence of halothane there is an increased incidence of cells with abnormal nuclei, both in mitosis and in interphase. The authors compared the effects of halothane and nitrous oxide separately and in combination. Nitrous oxide, 75 percent, alone had no significant effect compared with controls, less than 1.4 per cent of cells showing abnormalities, while halothane alone had a dose-dependent effect on both phases of the cell cycle. Halothane, 1 per cent, caused abnormalities in 7 per cent (SEM +/- 0.32) of cells in interphase and in 12 per cent (SEM +/- 0.95) of cells in mitosis, but the combination of 0.75 per cent halothane with 75 percent nitrous oxide produced 15 per cent (SEM +/- 0.68) abnormal cells in interphase and 22 per cent (SEM +/- 0.51) abnormal mitoses. Similar highly significant differences were obtained throughout the dose-response curves to as much as 4 per cent halothane in air and 2.35 per cent halothane in 75 per cent nitrous oxide. This appears to demonstrate synergism between halothane and nitrous oxide in the production of this particular side effect. In contrast, the effects of halothane and nitrous oxide on growth rate were additive.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1975

Mitosis in mammalian cells during exposure to anesthetics.

The effects of methoxflurane, trichloroethylene, chloroform, halothane and diethyl ether on the division of Chinese hamster fibroblasts in spinner culture have been studied. All agents caused dose-dependent inhibition of cell multiplication. Halothane increased the cell cycle time roughly in accordance with its effect on multiplication rate. There was no evidence that mitosis was greatly prolonged, and only small numbers of "c-metaphases" were seen. However, exposure to halothane resulted in a marked and rapid reduction in the prophase count, suggesting prolongation of G2 (the post-synthetic phase). Cine-photo-micrography showed frequent delay in division of cytoplasm at mitosis, and many binucleate cells were seen.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗